3D打印导板辅助上颈椎椎弓根置钉与徒手置钉的比较

目的 比较个体化3D打印导板辅助上颈椎椎弓根置钉与徒手置钉的精准性。方法 选择2019年6月至2022年6月在蚌埠医学院第二附属医院就诊的上颈椎疾患患者20例,获取每位患者颈椎三维CT数据,根据置钉方式不同分为导板组和对照组,分别制作20例等比例3D打印上颈椎模型,导板组使用3D打印导板辅助上颈椎模型椎弓根螺钉置入,对照组在透视辅助下徒手置钉。根据椎体是否存在骨折,将导板组内20例模型分为钉道损伤组10例（寰椎骨折与枢椎骨折病例）和钉道完整组10例（畸形与关节脱位病例）。比较导板组和对照组螺钉可接受率、单枚螺钉置入时间差异;比较导板组术前理想钉道与术后实际钉道内倾角差异,对比钉道损伤组和钉道完整组置钉结果差异。结果 导板组螺钉可接受率为93.55%,高于对照组的79.03%(P<0.05);导板组单枚螺钉置入时间短于对照组（P<0.05）;导板组术前理想螺钉内倾角与术后实际螺钉内倾角之间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;钉道损伤组螺钉突破椎弓根率26.7%高于钉道完整组3.1%(P<0.05)。结论 个体化3D打印导板辅助上颈椎椎弓根置钉在置钉精准度、安全性和置...     

Surgical treatment for upper cervical deformity with atlantoaxial joint dislocation using individualized 3D printing occipitocervical fusion instrument: A case report and literature review

To introduce a novel technique of using individualized 3D printing occipitocervical fusion instrument (3D-OCF) for the treatment of upper cervical deformity with atlantoaxial joint dislocation.The surgery for deformity of the craniocervical junction area is a challenge in the field of spine. If the surgical deviation is too large to injure the spinal cord or vertebral artery, it will cause catastrophic damage to the patient. Therefore, it is controversial whether these patients should undergo surgical treatment. We provide a novel surgical approach for the challenging upper cervical surgery through 3D-OCF and a typical patient.We present a 54-year-old female patient, who suffered from dizziness and numbness in her limbs for 8 months. After the patient was admitted, we performed the three-dimensional CT scan, modeled using Mimics software 17.0, and designed customized occipitocervical fusion instrument. Besides, we repeatedly perform simulated surgery based on 3D-printed models before surgery.The operative time was 142 minutes and the intraoperative blood loss was 700 mL. X-ray showed reduction of atlantoaxial dislocation and accurate position of internal fixation. The patient''s symptoms were significantly relieved: the sensation of dizziness and numbness of limbs was obviously relieved, and the sense of banding in chest, abdomen, and ankle was disappeared. At the last follow-up, imaging showed that 3D-OCF had bone-integration and Syringomyelia was disappeared. The patient''s cervical JOA (Japanese Orthopaedic Association) score increased from 10 points to 17 points.Individualized 3D-OCF can improve the safety and accuracy of upper cervical surgery, reduce the operative time and the number of fluoroscopy. Our study provides a novel surgical approach for the challenging upper cervical surgery.     

慢性肾功能衰竭维持性血液透析患者死亡原因临床分析

目的 :通过对复旦大学附属中山医院近 10年住院期间死亡的尿毒症维持性血透患者的死亡原因进行回顾性分析 ,以期为临床提供一些可防治措施。方法 :选择该院 1990年 1月～ 12月在住院期间死亡的维持性血透患者共 99例 ,将 1999年 1月～ 12月在该院接受 1年以上维持性血透的存活的 2 32例尿毒症患者作为对照进行临床分析。结果 :因心脏原因死亡 4 0例 ,占4 0 .5 % ;脑血管意外 2 9例 ,占 2 9.3% ;感染 15例 ,占 15 .1%。死亡组患者的平均年龄显著高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ,平均血透维持时间显著短于对照组 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,血透期间体重的增长率和左心室质量 (LVM)均显著高于对照组 ,而血清白蛋白浓度和红细胞压积则显著低于对照组。因心力衰竭死亡患者其透析期间体重增长率和LVM均显著高于总死亡组。因脑溢血死亡患者的收缩血压显著高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。因感染死亡的患者其血清白蛋白浓度和红细胞压积均显著低于总死亡组。结论 :心力衰竭、脑溢血和肺部感染是本院尿毒症维持性血液透析患者最常见的 3种死亡原因。高龄 (6 5岁以上 )、高血压、低白蛋白血症、严重贫血和左心室肥厚是慢性肾功能衰竭维持性血液透析患者死亡的主要危险因素     

尿系列微量蛋白和肾小球滤过率测定在原发性高血压病患者的临床意义

目的探讨高血压肾病的早期诊断指标.方法ELISA法测尿系列微量蛋白排泄量,并分析其影响因素.同位素99mTc-DTPA清除率测定GFR.结果高血压Ⅰ组(Scr＜120μmol/L)患者的尿ALB浓度显著高于对照组,且随着病程延长而增加;RBP、TRF较对照组显著升高;IgG在病程后期明显升高;NAG显著高于对照组,但随病程、舒张压和血胆固醇水平变化不明显.Ⅱ组为38%.结论尿ALB和RBP可作为高血压肾损害的早期诊断指标.以99mTc-DTPA清除率测定GFR更为精确.尿系列微量蛋白含量多少与肾功能损害程度似有一定关系.     

3D打印在上颈椎肿瘤治疗中的研究进展

近年来,3D打印技术已进入临床医学领域,特别是越来越多地用在上颈椎复杂肿瘤类疾病的手术治疗中,大幅度提升了手术效果和病人术后生活质量.本文从专业的角度,收集、整理、分析并总结了许多类似治疗成功的病例,发现3D打印技术在上颈椎肿瘤手术治疗中特有的作用是:术前能帮助手术医生选定妥当的手术路径和重建方案,病灶模型可供术中参考...     

老年人多脏器衰竭诊治中的几个问题

多脏器功能裒竭（mutiple organ failure,MOF）系指人体各器官功能正常或相对正常情况下,由于严重感染、败血症性休克、创伤、急性药物、毒物中毒等致病因素导致人体两个或两个以上器官功能同时或相继发生衰竭。对于各种慢性疾患引起各脏器功能不全或衰竭一般不应称为MOF。MOF尚有急性和可逆性的含义。MOF病死率甚高,而且治疗费用昂贵,老年人MOF已是当前危重病医学巾最引人瞩目的研究课题,其中高年龄则是影响预后的重要因素。为提高对第一个器官衰竭以外其它器官功能变化的警觉,Bone等提出采用多器官功能不全和障碍综合征（muhiple organ dystfunction syndrome．MODS）一词,以冀做到早期识别与早期防治。     

维持性血液透析病人感染丙型肝炎的前瞻性研究

评价血液透析病人ＨＣＶ阳转率和危险因素。方法随访１９９５年６月－１９９６年１２月在本院透析的１９９例血透病人,均未隔离抗－ＨＣＶ阳性病人。采用敏感的ＥＬＩＳＡ２每隔３个月在同一实验室检测。结果１９９５年６月的抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率为５８．７％,每隔半年的阳性率分别为５３．７％,５４．８％和５０．０％。     

Muscle characteristics in career breath-hold divers: effect of water temperature

INTRODUCTION: In a previous study we reported that Korean female breath-hold divers (BHD) with life-long experience of diving in cold water (10-12 degrees C in winter and 25-27 degrees C in summer) had reduced muscle fiber size and increased capillary density. The hypothesis tested in the present study was whether prolonged habitual diving at a moderate water temperature (MWT, 29-30 degrees C all year round) similarly caused a reduction in muscle fiber size. METHODS: The subjects were 14 Indonesian BHDs with long experience of diving at MWT, and a control group of 10 age-matched non-diving Indonesian men (CON), selected from the same tribe among which the BHDs lived. Muscle samples obtained from the middle portion of the vastus lateralis muscle were analyzed for muscle morphology by histochemical analysis and the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein by Western blotting. RESULTS: Muscle fiber type composition was identical in both groups, and no difference in cross-sectional area (CSA), VEGF protein, or capillarity between the BHD and the CON was observed. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that prolonged habitual breath-hold diving at MWT does not cause any alteration in muscle fiber composition, fiber size, or capillarity.     

Computer-based education for patients with cancer at Latino border hospital

There is a paucity of relevant educational material for Latino patients with cancer. Education interventions used for non-Latinos must be assessed for relevancy for Latino patients. This study examined the use and usefulness of computer-based education interventions among Latinos. It was conducted using the CancerHelp software survey in a Texas institution on the US-Mexico border. Nonparametric test statistics were used to test the hypothesized relationships and the usefulness of CancerHelp software. The following statistic hypotheses were not rejected: (1) CancerHelp use is independent of age group, (2) use of CancerHelp is equally distributed among patients and family members, (3) among Latinos, CancerHelp use is independent of education, and (4) CancerHelp usefulness for patients with cancer is independent of ethnicity.     

维生素D受体基因多态性对尿毒症甲状旁腺功能的影响

目的评价维生素D受体(VDR)基因多态性对尿毒症患者继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进(SHPT)的影响.方法106例尿毒症维持性血液透析患者采用聚合酶链反应--限制性片段长度(PCR-RFLP)方法分析VDR基因Apa-Ⅰ位点多态性,有ApaⅠ酶切位点的等位基因为a,无酶切位点者定为A.结果106例患者VDR基因ApaⅠ多态性频率分别为AA17%、Aa54.7%、aa28.3%.aa基因组患者血清iPTH水平(339.8±357.4ng/L)明显高于AA基因组(151.9±167.3ng/L,P＜0.05)和Aa基因组患者(191.5±169.8ng/L,P＜0.05).aa基因组患者骨钙素水平(36.2±56.0μg/L)明显高于AA基因组(9.2±6.1μg/L,