多级图像对比度放大技术在膝关节摄影中的应用

目的:分析评价膝关节摄影中多级图像对比度放大技术(MUSICA)参数设定的成像效果,为实际临床应用提供理论指导。方法:随机抽取膝关节侧位软拷贝图像70例,以骨皮质、骨小梁、肌间隙、髌上囊、皮下脂肪为比对目标,由三位观察者对其显示情况进行分析,并对结果进行统计分析。结果:MUSICA处于较小值(0～2)时,适合于软组织显示,但图像锐利度欠缺;处于较高值时(4～6)适合于观察骨皮质、小梁等细节信息,但较多地出现伪影,共25例;处于2～4时整体影像对比度适中,如实反映人体密度结构。结论:作图像处理时应将MUSICA为2～4设定为常规,实际应用通常情况下可以选择该处理方法,但应根据具体要求适当调整MUSICA参数值。     

还原型谷胱甘肽降低糖尿病大鼠心肌NF-κB和诱导型一氧化氮合酶表达

以链脲佐菌素制备糖尿病大鼠模型，造模后以还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）治疗12周，结果显示GSH治疗组较糖尿病组心肌组织病理学损害改善，NF—κB活性降低，诱导型一氧化氮合酶表达下降。     

Symmetrical interdigital keratoderma of the hands

We report the case of a 26-year-old man affected by a symmetrical keratoderma localized to the interdigital spaces of the fingers. No occupational, traumatic, or irritant factors were discovered. Clinical and histological features were consistent with the diagnosis of symmetrical interdigital hyperkeratosis, a sporadic disorder described by Frei in 1926. We believe this condition to be less rare than the few cases reported in the literature would suggest.     

FEASIBILITY OF CONDUCTING CARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOME RESEARCH IN AUSTRALIAN GENERAL PRACTICE: RESULTS FROM THE ANBP2 PILOT STUDY

1. The present study aimed to determine the feasibility of conducting a 5 year cardiovascular outcome trial of the treatment of 6000 elderly hypertensive patients in Australian general practices. 2. General practitioners (GPs) were invited to participate by mail and personal follow-up. Patient records were reviewed to identify subjects for a blood pressure (BP) screening programme. Blood pressure was measured on three occasions and eligible subjects were included if the average BP was 160 mmHg systolic or 90 mmHg diastolic if systolic BP was 140 mmHg. 3. Seven hundred and forty-one GPs were approached and 89 were enrolled in the study (12% of mail invites and 75% of those receiving a personal contact). In 16 practices where screening was completed, 82 000 records were reviewed to identify 4% patients eligible for screening. Twenty-two per cent of eligible subjects attended screening. Of 1938 subjects screened, 180 (9%) had BP 5=160/90 mmHg. Forty-seven percent of subjects (n = 916) were receiving antihypertensive therapy and 184 (20%) were withdrawn from therapy. One hundred and sixteen (63%) of these subjects had BP return to study entry levels within 6 weeks. Fifty-seven newly diagnosed and 81 previously treated subjects were randomized (7% of the screened population). 4. Based on the high participation rate of GPs, the response rate of patients to attend a BP screening programme and the 7% randomization to screening ratio for entry into the study, the ANBP2 pilot study has demonstrated that it is feasible to recruit subjects from Australian general practices to a cardiovascular outcome trial.     

河南省地方性高碘甲状腺肿的发现、流行特征及其干预研究

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改良去带盲结肠可控膀胱术

目的：评价改良去带盲结肠可控膀胱术的临床价值。方法：对8例膀胱癌患者施行全膀胱切除和改良去带盲结肠可控膀胱术。结果：随访3－41个月，均获得良好的疗效。贮尿囊容量为260－700ml，贮尿囊内最大压力为0.981-2.940kPa，每3－6h导尿1次，血清电解质和肾功能正常。结论：本术式可以获得大容量、低内压的贮尿囊，具有可控效果好、操作简单和并发症少等优点。