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Irene B. Jensen Catarina Dahlquist Åke Nygren Eva Royen Monica Stenberg 《Journal of occupational rehabilitation》1997,7(4):225-238
This prospective randomized controlled outcome study was designed to evaluate whether a MultiModal Cognitive—Behavioral Treatment for chronic spinal pain (MMCBT) specifically designed for women has an increased effect on well being and return to work compared to a regular MMCBT regimen. In Sweden, spinal pain is most prevalent among women. A tremendous amount of money is spent on secondary prevention of spinal pain. Yet, little is known about the effect of the interventions. A need for well designed outcome studies exist. Fifty-four subjects from a cohort of all registered sick-listed women in three districts of Stockholm participated in the study. Subjects were allocated by central randomization into two groups. One group was treated with a regular MMCBT program and the other group with a MMCBT program specifically designed for women. Assessments were performed at pretreatment–posttreatment (last treatment day) and at 6 and 18 months posttreatment. Questionnaires covering the bio-psycho-social spectra of the chronic pain syndrome, and sick leave were used to measure outcome. Intention to treat and true to protocol analyses were performed. The only significant differences found between groups were improvements in self-reported disability and in coping with pain, favoring the experimental treatment. About one-third of the variance in disability was explained by the set of pain-coping strategies assessed in the study. The results do not lend sufficient statistical support to warrant acceptance of the experimental treatment as superior to the regular treatment in improving health and sick leave. Further investigation with larger groups is needed before a solid scientific conclusion can be drawn. 相似文献
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Shelley E Taylor Barbara J Lehman Catarina I Kiefe Teresa E Seeman 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2006,60(8):819-824
BACKGROUND: Low socioeconomic status (SES) and a harsh family environment in childhood have been linked to mental and physical health disorders in adulthood. The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate a developmental model of pathways that may help explain these links and to relate them to C-reactive protein (CRP) in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) dataset. METHODS: Participants (n = 3248) in the CARDIA study, age 32 to 47 years, completed measures of childhood SES (CSES), early family environment (risky families [RF]), adult psychosocial functioning (PsyF, a latent factor measured by depression, mastery, and positive and negative social contacts), body mass index (BMI), and C-reactive protein. RESULTS: Structural equation modeling indicated that CSES and RF are associated with C-reactive protein via their association with PsyF (standardized path coefficients: CSES to RF, RF to PsyF, PsyF to CRP, CSES to CRP, all p < .05), with good overall model fit. The association between PsyF and CRP was partially mediated by BMI (PsyF to BMI, BMI to CRP, both p < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Low childhood SES and a harsh early family environment appear to be related to elevated C-reactive protein in adulthood through pathways involving psychosocial dysfunction and high body mass index. 相似文献
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Catarina Gonzalez da Silva Karl Magnus Petersson Luís Faísca Martin Ingvar Alexandra Reis 《Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology》2004,26(2):266-277
Semantic verbal fluency tasks are commonly used in neuropsychological assessment. Investigations of the influence of level of literacy have not yielded consistent results in the literature. This prompted us to investigate the ecological relevance of task specifics, in particular, the choice of semantic criteria used. Two groups of literate and illiterate subjects were compared on two verbal fluency tasks using different semantic criteria. The performance on a food criterion (supermarket fluency task), considered more ecologically relevant for the two literacy groups, and an animal criterion (animal fluency task) were compared. The data were analysed using both quantitative and qualitative measures. The quantitative analysis indicated that the two literacy groups performed equally well on the supermarket fluency task. In contrast, results differed significantly during the animal fluency task. The qualitative analyses indicated differences between groups related to the strategies used, especially with respect to the animal fluency task. The overall results suggest that there is not a substantial difference between literate and illiterate subjects related to the fundamental workings of semantic memory. However, there is indication that the content of semantic memory reflects differences in shared cultural background--in other words, formal education--, as indicated by the significant interaction between level of literacy and semantic criterion. 相似文献
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Foubert L.; Mareels K.; Fredholm M.; Lundin S.; Stenqvist O. 《British journal of anaesthesia》1997,78(4):436-438
We have evaluated the mixing properties of nitric oxide in inspired gases
for five different administration techniques. Nitric oxide and carbon
dioxide were delivered to the ventilator system before the ventilator or
after the ventilator as a continuous flow, either directly into the
inspiratory limb or into a mixing chamber positioned in the inspiratory
limb. Both gases were delivered as above but synchronized with inspiration.
Mixing conditions were evaluated using fast response chemiluminescence for
nitric oxide and capnography for carbon dioxide analysis. Administration of
nitric oxide and carbon dioxide directly into the inspiratory limb as a
continuous flow or with a magnetic valve-controlled synchronized flow
resulted in peak concentrations of 236% and 220%, respectively, of expected
values. The use of a mixing chamber reduced these values to 104% and 102%,
respectively. Administration of nitric oxide as a continuous flow into the
tubing of an intermittent flow ventilator resulted in highly fluctuating
inspiratory peak concentrations, which could be avoided with a mixing
chamber.
相似文献
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Raquel Carreira Ana Duarte Pedro Monteiro Maria Sancha Santos Ana Cristina Rego Catarina R Oliveira Lino M Gon?alves Luís A Providência 《Revista portuguesa de cardiologia》2004,23(11):1447-1455
Ischemia negatively affects mitochondrial function by inducing the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). The MPT is triggered by oxidative stress, which occurs in mitochondria during ischemia as a result of diminished antioxidant defenses and increased reactive oxygen species production. It causes mitochondrial dysfunction and can ultimately lead to cell death. Therefore, drugs able to minimize mitochondrial damage induced by ischemia may prove to be clinically effective. We analyzed the effect of carvedilol, a beta-blocker with antioxidant properties, on mitochondrial dysfunction. Carvedilol decreased levels of TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances), an indicator of oxidative stress, which is consistent with its antioxidant properties. Regarding cell death by apoptosis, although ischemia did increase caspase-8-like activity, there were no changes in caspase-3-like activity, which is activated downstream of caspase-8; this may indicate that the apoptotic cascade is not activated by 60 minutes of ischemia. We conclude that carvedilol protects ischemic mitochondria by preventing oxidative mitochondrial damage, and, by so doing, it may also inhibit the formation of the MPT pore. 相似文献
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The contractile response of normal male rat urinary bladders to exogenous arginine vasopressin (AVP) and the AVP content of normal and denervated bladders were investigated. In isolated detrusor strips, the maximal response to AVP was about 12% of the contraction elicited by KCl (124 mM), and the EC50 value was 1.03 +/- 0.13 x 10(-8) M. The response to transmural nerve stimulation was not affected by the presence of AVP. Addition of an AVP receptor antagonist strongly reduced the response to exogenous AVP, but did not affect contractions in response to nerve stimulation. In normal bladders, the concentration of immunoreactive (ir) AVP was 29 +/- 6.0 x 10(-15) mol/g. Three days after denervation the bladders had increased 2.4-fold in weight. At this time, the concentration of irAVP was not different from the control value, but the total content had increased significantly. Characterization of bladder irAVP by reverse-phase HPLC revealed that 66.5% of the total immunoreactivity eluted in the position of synthetic AVP. The results suggest a non-neuronal localization of bladder irAVP. 相似文献
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