Video-Assisted Breast Surgery (VABS) and Vacuum-Assisted Breast Biopsy (VABB) for Fibroadenoma Mammae on Patients’ Satisfaction: A Preliminary Study

Objective:This study aimed to compare the patients’ satisfaction level after fibroadenoma surgery with Video-Assisted Breast Surgery (VABS) and Vacuum-Assisted Breast Biopsy (VABB) techniques. Methods:Patients who underwent VABS or VABB for a diagnosis of fibroadenoma mammae at the Oncology Clinic in Solo, Indonesia were included in this study. Clinical and demographic data were obtained from medical records. Direct or telephone interviews were performed and the patients were asked to complete Universitas Sebelas Maret Breast Satisfaction Questionnaire 8 (UNS-BsQ8) questionnaire. Results:A total sample of 16 patients with VABS and 26 patients with VABB were recruited. All the patients were confirmed to have fibroadenoma based on the pathological result. The mean total scores for VABS and VABB were 34.50 ± 2.094 and 31.57 ± 3.081, respectively (P= 0.137). Out of 8 questions, only 3 items had statistically significant differences. VABS had higher mean score than VABB in terms of surgery cost (P = 0.002), pain in surgery site (P = 0.006), and pain in shoulder (P = 0.013). Conclusion:There was no significant difference in terms of overall patients’ satisfaction level between both groups. However, VABS had a higher mean score than VABB in terms of cost and pain.Key Words: Video-assisted breast surgery, vacuum-assisted breast biopsy, minimally invasive breast surgery     

Immune disorders in patients with acute pancreatitis in postoperative period

The results of investigation of immune disorders in 15 patients after operation were analyzed. Increase of neutrophilic granulocytes, macrophages and normal killer cells activities in patients with an acute pancreatitis after operation constitutes nonfavourable prognostic factor, witnessing presence of high risk of purulent-septic complications occurrence due to lingering immune suppression.     

Prognostic factors of efficacy of eradication therapy in patients with duodenal ulcer

The aim of the study was to determine microorganism-associated predictors of efficacy of eradication therapy in patients with Helicobacter pylori-associated duodenal ulcer. The subjects were 129 such patients. Clinical, endoscopic, microbiological, and immunological examination revealed differences in the initial immune status, the structure of gastroduodenal zone mucosa, and large bowel biocenosis, which predict efficacy of eradication therapy.     

Comparison of Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis following Soave and Duhamel procedures

Background

Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) represents the primary cause of high morbidity and mortality in Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) patients. The most common surgical methods for HSCR are the Soave and Duhamel procedures. Therefore, we aimed to compare the HAEC frequency following the Soave and Duhamel procedures.

Compartmental Modeling of Transdermal Iontophoretic Transport II: <Emphasis Type="Italic">In Vivo</Emphasis> Model Derivation and Application

No HeadingPurpose. This study was aimed to develop a family of compartmental models to describe in a strictly quantitative manner the transdermal iontophoretic transport of drugs in vivo. The new models are based on previously proposed compartmental models for the transport in vitro.Methods. The novel in vivo model considers two separate models to describe the input into the systemic circulation: a) constant input and b) time-variant input. Analogous to the in vitro models, the in vivo models contain four parameters: 1) kinetic lag time (t_L), 2) steady-state flux during iontophoresis (J_ss), 3) skin release rate constant (K_R), and 4) passive flux in the post-iontophoretic period (J_pas). The elimination from the systemic circulation is described by a) the one-compartment and b) the two-compartment pharmacokinetic models. The models were applied to characterize the observed plasma concentration vs. time data following single-dose iontophoretic delivery of growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) and R-apomorphine. Moreover, the models were also used to simulate the observed plasma concentration vs. time profiles following a two-dose transdermal iontophoretic administration of alniditan.Results. The time-variant input models were superior to the constant input models and appropriately converged to the observed data of GRF and R-apomorphine allowing the estimation of J_ss, K_R, and J_pas. In most cases, the values of t_L were negligible. The estimated J_ss and the in vivo flux profiles of GRF and R-apomorphine were similar to those obtained using the deconvolution method. The two-dose iontophoretic transport of alniditan was properly simulated using the proposed time-variant input model indicating the utility of the model to predict and to simulate the drug transport by a multiple-dose iontophoresis. Moreover, the use of the compartmental modeling approach to derive an in vitro-in vivo correlation for R-apomorphine was demonstrated. This approach was also used to identify the optimum in vitro model that closely mimics the in vivo iontophoretic transport of R-apomorphine.Conclusions. The developed in vivo models demonstrate their consistency and capability to describe the in vivo iontophoretic drug transport. This compartmental modeling approach provides a scientific basis to examine in vitro-in vivo correlations of drug transport by iontophoresis.     

Rationale for antibacterial therapy for acute pancreatitis in postop period

Results of antibacterial therapy application in 15 patients with an acute pancreatitis (AP) and postoperative period course in 10 were analyzed. Recommendations for application of antibacterial therapy and purposeful sanation in postoperative period were elaborated.     

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics analysis of transdermal iontophoresis of 5-OH-DPAT in rats: in vitro-in vivo correlation

Pharmacokinetics and dopaminergic effect of dopamine agonist 5-OH-DPAT in vivo were determined following transdermal iontophoresis in rats based on drug concentration in plasma (C(p)) and dopamine levels in striatum (C(DA)). Correlation of the in vitro transport with the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) profiles was characterized in the transport in dermatomed rat skin (DRS) and rat stratum corneum (RSC). The integrated in vivo PK-PD and in vitro transport models successfully described time course of C(p), C(DA), and in vitro flux in DRS and RSC. Population value of steady-state flux (J(ss)) in vivo (31 nmol/cm(2) . h with 95% confidence interval (CI) = 20-41) is closer to J(ss) in vitro in DRS (61 nmol/cm(2) . h, CI = 54-67) than in vitro J(ss) in RSC (98 nmol/cm(2) . h, CI = 79-117). On the other hand, skin release rate constant (K(R)) in vivo was similar to the K(R) in RSC (4.8/h, CI = 2.4-7.1 vs. 2.6/h, CI = 2.5-2.6). Kinetic lag time (t(L)) in vivo was negligible, which is close to in vitro t(L) in RSC (0.0 h, CI = 0.0-0.1). Based on nonlinear mixed-effect modeling, profiles of C(p) and C(DA) were successfully predicted using in vitro values of J(ss) in DRS with K(R) and t(L) in RSC. A considerable dopaminergic effect was achieved, indicating the feasibility to reach therapeutically effective concentrations of 5-OH-DPAT upon transdermal iontophoresis.