良性前列腺增生与前列腺慢性炎症的相关性研究进展

良性前列腺增生（BPH）是老年男性常见的泌尿系统疾病，其发病与前列腺慢性炎症之间存在显著相关。感染因子、尿液返流、代谢综合征、衰老过程和自身免疫应答在内的几种刺激，通过相应分子途径引起前列腺免疫细胞的组织定位和组成成分发生广泛改变，从而导致免疫系统失调，之后引发的组织损伤和缓慢愈合，导致了BPH发生和进展。本文通过总结良性前列腺增生与前列腺慢性炎症的相关性的临床研究结果，前列腺免疫细胞在病理生理机制层面与前两者之间的内在联系，以及抗炎药物对BPH-LUTS的干预作用，以其为BPH-LUTS的药物研发提供参考。     

术前影像特征与脑膜瘤患者手术疗效的相关分析

目的探讨术前影像特征与脑膜瘤患者手术疗效的关系。方法对我院100例脑膜瘤手术患者的影像资料进行回顾性分析,包括肿瘤大小、肿瘤位置、是否具有侵袭性、肿瘤形状、有无神经血管包绕、增强程度、水肿情况、肿瘤边界,筛选出影响肿瘤的切除程度、并发症和死亡的因素,然后对筛选出的因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果肿瘤大小、肿瘤部位、肿瘤侵袭性、肿瘤形状和肿瘤边界是影响肿瘤残留的独立危险因素;肿瘤大小、肿瘤部位、神经血管包绕和肿瘤增强程度是影响手术并发症的独立危险因素;肿瘤大小和肿瘤部位是影响死亡的独立危险因素。结论脑膜瘤的术前影像特别是肿瘤大小、肿瘤部位、肿瘤侵袭性和神经血管包绕4个主要因素可较客观和准确地判断及评估脑膜瘤的肿瘤残留程度、并发症和死亡情况。     

经鼻高流量氧气湿化治疗老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重合并呼吸衰竭的可行性研究

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of transnasal heated humidified high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) with respiratory failure in elderly patients. MethodsA total of 176 elderly patients with AECOPD complicated with respiratory failure who were hospitalized at Peking University Shougang Hospital from December 2016 to January 2022 were enrolled, including 82 patients in an HFNC group and 94 patients in an NPPV group. After treatment, pulse oxygen saturation (SPO₂), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂), oxygenation index (OI), respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), comfort score, discharge rate, rate of endotracheal intubation, rate of transfer to intensive care unit (ICU), and mortality were compared between the two groups. The independent sample t-test was used for comparison between the two groups. Statistical data are expressed in percentage or number of cases and the χ² test was used for their comparisons. ResultsThe SPO₂ values at 30 min, 1 h, and 6 h were significantly higher in the HFNC group than in the NPPV group (t=-2.049,-2.618, and -3.314, P=0.043, 0.010, and 0.001, respectively). SPO₂ before discharge was significantly lower than that of the NPPV group (t=2.162, P=0.033), but OI at each time point and before discharge had no statistical significance (P＞0.05). MAP at 6 h was significantly higher in the HFNC group than in the NPPV group (t=-2.209, P=0.029), but within the normal range. HRs at 2 h and 3 h in the HFNC group were significantly higher than those of the NPPV group (t=-2.199 and -2.336, P=0.030 and 0.021, respectively). There were no significant differences in RR, HR, or MAP between the two groups at other time points and before discharge (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in PaCO2 between the two groups (P＞0.05). Comfort score in the HFNC group was significantly higher than that of the NPPV group (t=-46.807, P＜0.001). There were no significant differences in discharge rate, ICU transfer rate, endotracheal intubation rate, and mortality between the two groups (P＞0.05). ConclusionHFNC is as effective as NPPV in treating elderly patients with AECOPD complicated with type Ⅰ or mild type Ⅱ respiratory failure, and HFNC is more comfortable than NPPV.     

腹部疾病患者手术治疗的整体护理疗效分析

目的：分析对手术治疗的腹部疾病患者进行整体护理干预的疗效。方法：选取200例在我院外科就诊的腹部疾病手术治疗的患者，随机分成两组，实验组进行整体护理干预，对照组只进行基础常规护理，对疗效进行分析。结果：实验组患者焦虑程度明显减轻，并发症明显减少，术后恢复良好，患者安全度过围手术期，手术成功率明显高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。结论：积极有效的落实术前和术后整体护理干预，是减少腹部疾病手术围手术期意外和并发症的关键，可以有效提高腹部手术的成功率。     

综合指数法在某重水堆核燃料元件生产线职业病危害评价中的应用

应用《工作场所化学有害因素职业健康风险评估技术导则》中的综合指数法进行某重水堆核燃料元件生产线的风险评估。结果显示,生产线岗位人员接触的主要化学有害因素为氨和硝酸,风险等级为中等风险。综合指数法评估结果不同于现行的标准限值比较法,应用综合指数法得出的结果更有利于企业进行职业健康风险分级管理,有针对性地降低风险水平,保护职业健康。     

一例内踝关节伤口护理

总结1例内踝关节伤口护理,根据关节伤口护理的难点我们采取了关节内冲洗结合多种敷料等多种针对性的护理措施经过精心护理,伤口愈合,从中总结经验教训。     

一次性湿热交换器在新生儿机械通气长途转运中应用的效果分析

目的探讨研究一次性湿热交换器在新生儿机械通气长途转运中应用的临床意义。方法 2017年1月-2017年12月,我院120转运中心长途转运接收786例机械通气新生儿,786例患儿随机分为常规气道护理(对照组)和转运途中应用一次性湿热交换器组(治疗组),对比转运过程中的吸痰次数、肉眼可见痰痂形成率、堵管发生率、脱管发生率、人机对抗发生率。结果研究数据显示治疗组吸痰次数、肉眼可见痰痂形成率、堵管发生率、脱管发生率、人机对抗发生率有显著性差异(P<0.05)明显低于对照组。结论在机械通气新生儿长途转运中,一次性湿热交换器的可减少转运患儿吸痰次数发生率、降低肉眼可见痰痂形成率、堵管发生率、脱管发生率、人机对抗发生率具有明显优越性,值得推广。     

从桂枝汤证看《伤寒论》的汤方辨证

通过对《伤寒论》中桂枝汤的运用阐述,揭示汤方辨证的特点在于其主症体现了病证的病理本质,辨证一旦明确,方药的使用也就随之明确,有利于辨证与治疗的客观化,可为从现代医学角度科学阐明方与证之间的实质,做初步探索.     

314名妇女细菌性阴道病的实验诊断

细菌性阴道病(BV)的诊断常靠实验室,我们报告314名健康妇女进行了阴道分泌物检查的实验结果。一、对象:314名21～50岁的非月经期及一个月     

顽固性产后出血34例诊治分析

产后出血是严重的产科并发症，直接威胁产妇生命安全及生命质量，居我国产妇死亡原因的首位。现将我院2002年7月-2006年1月抢救顽固性产后出血34例成功的经验分析如下：