乔本氏病针吸细胞学免疫表型观察研究

目的 探讨乔本氏病针吸甲状腺内浸润淋巴细胞免疫表型活性及临床意义。方法 利用流式细胞仪检验技术测定甲状腺内浸润淋巴细胞CD3、CD4、CD8、CD4／CD8、CD7、CD19、NK、CO95、CD95／Fas、Bcl-2免疫活性，同时利用放免检验技术，测定T3、FT3、T4、FT4、γT3、TSH、TGA、MCA8项指标。结果 表明乔本氏病甲状腺内浸润淋巴细胞大部分为T淋巴细胞，少数为B淋巴细胞，并且CD3^ 、CD7^ T淋巴细胞比值最高，CD4^ T淋巴细胞次之，但均明显高于CD8^ T淋巴细胞，CD4／CD8比值与正常外周血相似，CD19^ B淋巴细胞及NK细胞比正常外周血B淋巴细胞不同程度减低，诱导细胞凋亡基因CD95／Fas表达明显增高，而抑制凋亡基因Bel-2减低最明显，CO44正常，显示该病良性免疫反应紊乱疾病。8项放免指标T3、FT3、T4、FT4、γT3各项指标仅有20．22％增高，69-79％均呈正常，2—7％减低，TSH增高有20％，TGA、MCA增高有79．5—79．9％，20．1—20．5％在正常范围内。结论 乔本氏病甲状腺内浸润淋巴细胞免疫活性及分布和功能异常，更有助于进-步探讨了解乔本氏病发病机制，为自身免疫性甲状腺疾病诊断、预防、治疗及预后观察提供理论依据，并认为小针头甲状腺针吸细胞病理学对乔本氏病诊断及鉴别诊断有重要诊断价值，明显优越其它传统方法，是目前甲状腺疾病诊断最权威性诊断和鉴别诊断指标。     

Pathological features of gastric cancer in Zhuanghe high-risk area in China during 1992–2005

Objective  To investigate the pathological features and chronological changes of 1003 cases with gastric cancer in Zhuanghe high-risk area during 1992–2005 and the relationship between the changes and etiology factors in order to make a clue for gastric cancer prevention. Methods  A total of 1003 gastric cancer specimens resected surgically between 1992–2005 in Zhuanghe Center Hospital were studied. The specimens were fixed in formalin and diagnosed by routine pathology. Results  The incidence of patients with gastric cancer was highest at age of 60–69, the next high was at age of 50–59 and it was significantly higher in male than in female (P<0.001), the ratio was 3.0:1. During the past 14 years, there were 159 (15.9%) EGC, 195 (19.4%) moderate and 649 (64.7%) advanced gastric cancer detected. In macroscopical features, type III remained dominant in EGC, the next was mixed type in EGC. In advanced gastric cancer the Borrmann’s type III remained the dominant, the next was type II. For nodal metastasis, positive cases were decreasing and negative were increasing in EGC, moreover negative cases were higher than positive ones each year. There was no obvious trend in advanced cancer but positive cases were higher than negative ones each year. In histological features, papillary, moderately and poorly differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma remained downtrend, mucus adenocarcinoma and undifferentiation cancer remained uptrend year after year. The radio of intestinal to diffuse type decreased from 0.78 to 0.62 during the past 14 years. Conclusion  There were significant chorological trends of pathological characteristic of gastric cancer in Zhuanghe high-risk area during the past 14 years. This work was supported by the National “Tenth-Five” Key Technologies R&D Program of China (2004BA703B04-02)     

血红素氧合酶在糖尿病大鼠阴茎海绵体的表达

目的 检测血红素氧合酶1和2( HO-1/HO-2)在糖尿病(DM)大鼠阴茎海绵体(CC)的表达变化,探讨其在糖尿病相关勃起功能中的作用.方法 SD雄性大鼠50只,随机取30只制作糖尿病模型,余20只为正常对照.4周和8周后用阿扑吗啡试验评价大鼠勃起功能;免疫组织化学法及Western blot法检测HO-1、HO-2在大鼠CC内的表达部位及水平.结果 DM大鼠勃起次数在4周(2.17±0.94)和8周(0.85±1.07)时与对照组[4.0±1.15(4周);4.2±1.32(8周)]比均下降(P＜0.01),HO-1在4周(32.87±3.22)和8周(20.65±2.34)时的表达高于相应对照组[13.52±3.25(4周);12.35±2.29(8周)],P＜0.01,但8周较4周表达降低(P＜0.01),HO-2在4周(14.32±1.21)和8周(8.82±2.35)时的表达均低于相应对照组[20.91±2.07(4周);21.02±2.10(8周)],P＜0.01,且随时间逐渐加重(P＜0.01);对照组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 糖尿病造成大鼠勃起功能下降,可能与HO在DM大鼠CC内的表达降低密切相关.     

糖尿病ED大鼠阴茎海绵体中血红素加氧酶的表达变化及意义

目的观察糖尿病(DM)勃起功能障碍(ED)大鼠阴茎海绵体组织中血红素加氧酶1、2(HO-1,HO-2)的表达变化,并探讨其临床意义。方法选取40只SD雄性大鼠,随机分为正常对照(NC)组10只和DM组30只。DM组大鼠经腹腔注射链脲佐菌素建立DM模型,造模8周后,DM大鼠通过皮下注射阿扑吗啡评价勃起功能;未发生ED者为单纯DM组,发生ED者为DM-ED组。采用免疫组化法及Western blot法测定各组阴茎海绵体组织中的HO-1、HO-2。结果 HO-1和HO-2在各组大鼠阴茎海绵体组织中均有表达,主要表达于海绵体平滑肌细胞和血管内皮细胞胞质中。NC组阴茎海绵体组织中HO-1、HO-2相对表达量分别为11.38±1.77、27.69±5.07,单纯DM组分别为28.49±4.74、16.41±2.75,DM-ED组分别为18.02±3.19、7.04±2.94;单纯DM组、DM-ED组HO-1、HO-2相对表达量与NC组比较,P均<0.05;DM-ED组HO-1、HO-2相对表达量与DM组比较,P均<0.05。结论 DM-ED大鼠阴茎海绵体组织中HO-1表达上调,HO-2表达下调,二者可能参与DM所致ED的发生发展。     

脊髓损伤致大鼠神经源性膀胱尿动力学变化及P2Y4的表达意义

目的探讨大鼠不同平面脊髓损伤(SCI)后神经源性膀胱尿动力学变化及P2Y4的表达意义。方法健康成年SD大鼠50只,雌雄不限,体重180-220g,随机分对照组、骶髓损伤组、骶上脊髓损伤组。建立神经源性膀胱大鼠模型。28d后,进行尿动力学检测。尿动力检测完毕后,取标本用免疫组化法检测P2Y4表达情况。结果逼尿肌漏尿点压力在骶上脊髓损伤组较对照组、骶髄损伤组升高明显;逼尿肌漏尿点压在骶髄损伤组较对照组明显下降。P2Y4在骶上脊髓损伤组的表达较对照组、骶髓损伤组升高明显;P2Y4在骶髓损伤组表达较对照组明显降低。结论大鼠骶上脊髓损伤后,逼尿肌表现为反射亢进,大鼠骶髓损伤后逼尿肌表现为反射减弱。膀胱逼尿肌中P2Y4表达增高可能是引起逼尿肌反射亢进机制之一。     

Pathological Features of Gastric Cancer in Zhuanghe High-risk Area in China during 1992-2005

Objective:To investigate the pathological features and chronological changes of 1003 cases with gastric cancer in Zhuanghe high-risk area during 1992-2005 and the relationship between the changes and etiology factors in order to make a clue for gastric cancer prevention.Methods:A total of 1003 gastric cancer specimens resected surgically between 1992-2005 in Zhuanghe Center Hospital were studied.The specimens were fixed in formalin and diagnosed by routine pathology. Results:The incidence of patients wit...     

子宫颈腺样基底细胞癌1例

正患者女,59岁。主因"常规体检宫颈TCT检查发现HSIL、HPV 16型阳性"就诊于当地医院。阴道镜检查示宫颈表面光滑,未见异常血管,醋白试验(-),碘试验(+)。宫颈多点活检,病理诊断高级别上皮内瘤变(CIN Ⅲ级)。遂行宫颈锥切。病理检查巨检:宫颈锥切组织一块,大小2.5 cm×1.5cm×1.5 cm,肉眼未见明确肿物。镜检:宫颈鳞状上皮有高级别上皮内瘤变(CIN Ⅲ级)并累及腺体。其下浅层纤维性     

辽宁省农村开展新生儿听力筛查的现状调查

目的:了解辽宁省农村开展新生儿听力筛查的应用现状,为制定技术推广方案提供依据。方法:采取随机抽样方法,在辽宁省庄河、本溪两县调查204名3岁以下的婴幼儿家长及78名妇幼保健人员对新生儿听力筛查技术的知晓和利用情况。结果:二县儿童听力筛查率13.2%,初筛(出生后2至7天)率8.8%;97.1%儿童家长不知道耳声发射器(OAE)检查;35.9%卫生技术人员中对听力筛查技术不了解。结论:辽宁省本溪农村新生儿听力筛查尚未普遍开展,筛查覆盖率低的主要原因是技术知晓率低和缺乏检查设备。     

1992～2005年辽宁庄河胃癌高发区1 003例胃癌病理形态学特征年代变化趋势

目的：从胃癌形态学方面，探讨辽宁省庄河地区胃癌高发区胃癌病理形态学特征及其年代变化趋势，探讨这种变化与胃癌发病影响因素之间的关系，为胃癌防治提供线索和依据。方法：选取1992-2005年在辽宁庄河市中心医院接受手术切除的胃癌标本共计1003例。标本均经4％甲醛固定，病理常规系统检查。结果：1003例胃癌患者平均发病年龄58．9岁（17～84岁）；不同年代胃癌高发年龄均为60～69岁，其次为50～59岁，男性胃癌患者明显多于女性患者（P〈0．001），男女患者之比为3．0：1。1003例胃癌患者中，共检出早期胃癌159例（15．9％），年均构成比为15．3％，中期胃癌195例（19．4％），晚期胃癌649例（64．7％）。各年间早期胃癌大体分型以Ⅲ型为主；进展期胃癌以BorrmannⅢ型为主。在淋巴结转移方面，早期胃癌各年间无淋巴结转移者多于有淋巴结转移者；进展期胃癌各年间有淋巴结转移者多于无淋巴结转移者。在组织学分型方面，乳头状管状腺癌、中分化管状腺癌、低分化管状腺癌和印戎细胞癌呈逐年下降趋势；黏液腺癌、未分化癌呈逐年升高趋势；若以Lauren分类为标准，在各年代间均以弥漫型胃癌占优势，并呈逐年上升趋势，肠型胃癌呈下降趋势，二者比值呈下降趋势。结论：随着年代的变迁，庄河地区胃癌临床流行病学特征有明显变化。     

胃大部切除术后功能性排空障碍22例诊治体会

1　临床资料本组胃大部切除术后功能性排空障碍 (简称ＦＤＧＥ) 2 2例。男性 16例 ,女性6例。年龄最大 75岁 ,最小 32岁。年龄≥ 6 0岁 15例 ,<6 0岁 7例。胃癌 18例 ,其中行胃癌根治术Ｄ2 、Ｄ3 或Ｄ4 共13例 ,行早期胃癌切除术Ｄ1或晚期胃癌姑息切除术共 5例 ;胃十二指肠溃疡 4例 ,其中并发溃疡穿孔 3例。本组 2 2例胃大部切除术后胃肠重建方式 :Ｂｉｌｒｏｔｈ-Ⅱ式 2 0例 ,Ｂｉｌｒｏｔｈ -Ⅰ式 2例。 2 2例ＦＤＧＥ出现症状时间均在术后 3～ 10ｄ。2 2例均有上腹饱胀及烧灼感 ,恶心呕吐症状 ;12例查体肠鸣音弱 ;6例上腹振水音阳性 ;其…