ＥＧＦＲ敏感突变晚期肺腺癌患者靶向耐药后的免疫治疗：疗效和毒性分析

目的：对于表皮生长因子受体（ｅｐｉｄｅｒｍａｌｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ,ＥＧＦＲ）突变阳性的晚期非小细胞肺癌（ｎｏｎ ｓｍａｌｌｃｅｌｌｌｕｎｇｃａｎｃｅｒ,ＮＳＣＬＣ）患者,目前标准治疗方案以分子靶向药物为主,但耐药进展后的治疗手段和疗效有限。 免疫检查点抑制剂在该类患者耐药后的临床应用正在探索中。为观察真实世界中的实际疗效,本研究回顾性分析 了 ＥＧＦＲ敏感突变的晚期 ＮＳＣＬＣ患者靶向耐药后接受免疫联合治疗的疗效和毒性。方法：收集 ２０１９年 １月至 ２０２０ 年 ６月期间在四川省肿瘤医院确诊的 ＥＧＦＲ敏感突变晚期肺腺癌患者共 ３２例。所有患者均在靶向治疗进展后接受 了程序性死亡受体 １（ｐｒｏｇｒａｍｍｅｄｃｅｌｌｄｅａｔｈｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ１,ＰＤ １）抑制剂联合化疗或抗血管生成药物治疗。对其无进展生 存期（ｐｒｏｇｒｅｓｓｉｏｎｆｒｅｅｓｕｒｖｉｖａｌ,ＰＦＳ）、总生存期（ｏｖｅｒａｌｌｓｕｒｖｉｖａｌ,ＯＳ）、客观缓解率（ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅｒｅｓｐｏｎｓｅｒａｔｅ,ＯＲＲ）以及常 见免疫不良反应进行初步的观察和分析。结果：３２例晚期 ＥＧＦＲ突变肺腺癌患者均携带１９ＤＥＬ或 Ｌ８５８Ｒ突变,一线 分别采取 １、２或 ３代 ＥＧＦＲ ＴＫＩ靶向治疗。一线 １、２代 ＥＧＦＲ ＴＫＩ治疗耐药后出现 Ｔ７９０Ｍ突变者转为奥希替尼治 疗。在靶向耐药后予以不同 ＰＤ １抗体联合培美曲塞和顺铂化疗,或再联合贝伐珠单抗抗血管生成治疗。总的 ＯＲＲ 为 ４３％,疾病控制率 ６７％,ＰＦＳ７．１个月,ＯＳ１１．７个月。不同 ＥＧＦＲ突变类型、ＰＤ １抑制剂、联合治疗方案以及治疗 期间放疗与否与 ＰＦＳ无明显相关性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。未合并 Ｔ７９０Ｍ突变患者的 ＰＦＳ较出现 Ｔ７９０Ｍ突变者有延长趋势 （８．７个月 ｖｓ５．１个月,Ｐ＝０．０１７）。患者总体耐受性较好,未出现明显新的免疫毒性反应。结论：ＥＧＦＲ敏感突变的 晚期肺腺癌靶向耐药人群能从免疫联合治疗中获益,且毒性可控。后续将通过多中心进一步扩大样本,明确免疫治 疗的获益人群,以及联合方案、突变亚型等对疗效和毒性的影响。     

经腋无充气腔镜与传统颈部开放手术治疗PTC的疗效分析

目的比较经腋无充气腔镜与开放术式在甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)的疗效及术后生活质量的差异。方法回顾性分析四川省肿瘤医院头颈外科2019年5月至2021年12月采用经腋无充气腔镜手术(142例)与传统颈部开放手术(201例)治疗单侧PTC的343例患者的病例资料, 其中男性97例, 女性246例, 年龄20～69岁。对入组患者进行1∶1倾向评分匹配(PSM), 对匹配成功后的2组患者的基本特征、围手术期临床结果、术后并发症、术后生活质量(采用甲状腺癌特异性生活质量量表)、美观满意度等方面进行比较。应用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 PSM后共纳入190例患者, 腔镜组和开放组各95例, 在术中失血量[20(20)ml比20(10)ml, M(IQR), 下同, Z=-2.22]、术后引流量[170(70)ml比101(55)ml, Z=-7.91]、手术时间[135(35)min比95(35)min, Z=-7.34]、住院费用[(28 188.7±2 765.1)元比(25 643.5±2 610.7)元, xˉ±s, 下同, t=0.73]、术后住院时间[(3.1±0.9)d...     

敏感复发广泛期小细胞肺癌应用EP方案二线治疗的可行性，一项多中心、回顾性研究

目的：广泛期小细胞肺癌（extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer, ES-SCLC）一线治疗主要采用以化疗为基础的联合方案,进展后多推荐拓扑替康等二线化疗。对于一线使用依托泊苷联合铂类（etoposide-platin, EP）有效的人群,复发后亦可选择同方案再次治疗。但目前并无二种方案的疗效和安全性比对数据。本研究旨在探讨EP方案再治疗敏感复发ES-SCLC患者的疗效和安全性。方法：纳入153例就诊于四川省肿瘤医院等5所医疗中心并接受EP方案二线治疗的ES-SCLC患者。所有患者均接受标准一线EP方案化疗且有效。根据治疗间歇期、不同铂类方案、有无吸烟史、放疗与否等进行分组,进行回顾性分析。主要观察指标包括客观缓解率（objective response rate,ORR）、疾病控制率（disease control rate,DCR）、无进展生存时间（progression-free survival,PFS）以及药物不良反应。结果：153例患者中64例复发时间在3～6月间,89例复发时间> 6个月。86例患者一线治疗中接受过胸部放疗,有长期...     

A comparative study for the efficacies of transaxillary non-inflatable endoscopic surgery versus traditional surgery for papillary thyroid carcinoma北大核心CSCD

Objective To compare the efficacies between open surgery and axillary non‑inflatable endoscopic surgery in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 343 patients with unilateral PTC treated by traditional open surgery (201 cases) and transaxillary non‑inflating endoscopic surgery (142 cases) from May 2019 to December 2021 in the Head and Neck Surgery of Sichuan Cancer Hospital. Among them, 97 were males and 246 were females, aged 20-69 years. 1∶1 propensity score matching (PSM) was performed on the enrolled patients, and the basic characteristics, perioperative clinical outcomes, postoperative complications, postoperative quality of life (Thyroid Cancer‑Specific Quality of Life), aesthetic satisfaction and other aspects of the two groups were compared after successful matching. SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 190 patients were enrolled after PSM, with 95 cases in open group and 95 cases in endoscopic group. Intraoperative blood losses for endoscopic and open groups were [20 (20) ml vs. 20 (10) ml, M (IQR), Z=-2.22], postoperative drainage volumes [170 (70)ml vs. 101 (55)ml, Z=-7.91], operative time [135 (35)min vs. 95 (35)min, Z=-7.34], hospitalization cost [(28 188.7±2 765.1)yuan vs. (25 643.5±2 610.7)yuan, x̄ ± s, t=0.73], postoperative hospitalization time [(3.1±0.9)days vs. (2.6±0.9)days, t=-3.24], and drainage tube placement time [(2.5±0.8) days vs. (2.0±1.0)days, t=-4.16], with statistically significant differrences (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in surgical complications (P>0.05). There were significant diffferences between two groups in the postoperative quality of life scores in neuromuscular, psychological, scar and cold sensation (all P<0.05), while there were no statistically significant differences in other quality of life scores (all P>0.05). In terms of aesthetic satisfaction 6 months after surgery, the endoscopic group was better than the open group, with statistically significant difference (χ2=41.47, P<0.05). Conclusion Endoscopic thyroidectomy by a gasless unilateral axillary approach is a safe and reliable surgical method, which has remarkable cosmetic effect and can improve the postoperative quality of life of patients compared with the traditional thyroidectomy. © 2023 Authors. All rights reserved.