Testicular schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni is very rare and more so when associated with primary infertility. A 40 years old man from the Jos Plateau, North Central Nigeria presented with primary infertility after ten years of marriage. Sperm count revealed oligospermia and he also complained of inability to sustain erection. Testicular biopsy revealed several ova of Schistosoma mansoni in the connective tissue of the testes. Cases of infertility in endemic areas especially when there is no supply of potable water should raise suspicion of schistosomiasis among other pathologies and possible hormonal disturbances when the testes are involved. 相似文献
This study investigated the effectiveness of ionic liquids (ILs) loaded onto the surface of a polymeric adsorbent (βCD-TDI) grafted with modified magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) via an analysis of water treatment, which resulted in high removal of selected endocrine-disrupting chemicals (parabens). The syntheses of MNPs, MNP-βCD-TDI, and IL-MNP-βCD-TDI were characterised and compared using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, carbon–hydrogen–nitrogen (CHN) analysis, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results of SEM and TEM indicated that the pore size distribution exhibited mesoporous characteristics with a small surface area (BET analysis: 42.95 m2 g−1). Furthermore, a preliminary sorption experiment demonstrated the ability of IL-MNP-βCD-TDI to enhance not only the sorption capacity, but also the removal of propyl paraben (PP), butyl paraben (BP), and benzyl paraben (ArP). The adsorption process appeared to be pH-dependent, and hence the optimum pH of 6 was selected for a subsequent batch adsorption study of all the studied parabens with an equilibrium time of 80 min. Next, in an attempt to investigate the interactions that occur between the adsorbent and the adsorbates, adsorption kinetics and isotherm studies were performed. All the studied parabens were found to best fit pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Freundlich isotherm with R2 > 0.98 at room temperature (298 K). The interaction of the host–guest inclusion complex and the π–π interaction between βCD and a selected paraben compound (ArP) were identified by performing 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), together with ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopic analysis. Finally, the adsorption efficiency of the developed material was practically tested on tap water, drain water, and industrial wastewater, which revealed a significant removal of parabens of up to 60–90% in comparison with a prior analysis.The main interaction between the synthesized material and the targeted paraben compounds.相似文献
Background: The Community Benefits Health (CBH) program introduced a community-based behavior change intervention to address social norms and cultural practices influencing maternal health and breastfeeding behaviors in rural Ghana. The purpose of this study was to determine if CBH influenced maternal health outcomes by stimulating community-level support in woman’s social networks.
Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted to evaluate changes in six antenatal/postpartum care, birth attendance, and breastfeeding behaviors in response to the CBH intervention and to assess how the program was implemented and to what extent conditions during implementation influenced the results.
Results: We found increases in five of the six outcomes in both the intervention and control areas. Qualitative findings indicated that this may have resulted from program spillover. We considered the dose of exposure to program activities and found that women were significantly more likely to practice maternal health behaviors with increased exposure to program activities while controlling for study area and time.
Conclusions: Overall, we determined that exposure to the CBH program significantly improved uptake of three of the six study outcomes, indicating that efforts aimed at increasing communication across women and their social networks may lead to improved health outcomes. 相似文献
Obstruction remains as an important cause of failure in the eruption of a tooth. In this article, a 15-year-old girl was presented with retained upper left primary canine (63) and first primary molar (64), while the contralateral permanent canine (13) and premolars (14 and 15) have erupted. Upon radiographic examination, a mass which was diagnosed later to be compound odontome was detected. The treatment consisted of surgical removal of the odontome, extraction of the primary canine (63) and left permanent canine (23), and transplantation of the permanent canine (23). The management of this case and the literature related to autotransplantation are discussed. 相似文献
This review was conducted to document published literature related to physicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of generic medicines in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and to compare the findings with high-income countries.
Methods
A systematic search of articles published in peer-reviewed journals from January 2001 to February 2013 was performed. The search comprised nine electronic databases. The search strategy involved using Boolean operators for combinations of the following terms: generic medicines, generic medications, generic drugs, generic, generic substitution, generic prescribing, international non-proprietary, prescribers, doctors, general practitioners, physicians, and specialists.
Results
Sixteen articles were included in this review. The majority (n = 11) were from high income countries and five from LMICs. The main difference between high income countries and LMICs is that physicians from high income countries generally have positive views whereas those from LMICs tend to have mixed views regarding generic medicines. Few similarities were identified among different country income groups namely low level of physicians’ knowledge of the basis of bioequivalence testing, cost of generic medicines as an encouraging factor for generic medicine prescribing, physicians’ concerns towards safety and quality of generic medicines and effect of pharmaceutical sales representative on generic medicine prescribing.
Conclusion
The present literature review revealed that physicians from LMICs tend to have mixed views regarding generic medicines. This may be due to differences in the health care system and pharmaceutical funding system, medicine policies, the level of educational interventions, and drug information sources in countries of different income levels. 相似文献
A case of a giant bleeding renal angiomyolipoma is presented. The patient was a 40‐year‐old Egyptian male with no clinical or radiological evidence of tuberous sclerosis. The radiological features and management, including the role of angiography are briefly discussed and the medical reviews on this subject are briefly considered. 相似文献
Benzene is classified as carcinogenic compound which is emitted mainly from cars. In this study, benzene was measured at various
sites in Nibong Tebal (urban, suburban, town, and rural) of different traffic volume, and traffic counts were performed simultaneously.
Monitoring was carried out during the morning and afternoon traffic peaks. The aim of this study is to monitor benzene concentration
at several development sites with different traffic flow. The monitoring was done by using indoor air quality meter. The results
obtained from monitoring show that the mean concentrations of benzene ranged from 54.7 ppb in the suburban area to 115.1 ppb
in the town area. Multiple linear regression analysis correlated the benzene concentrations with traffic volume, temperature,
humidity, and time of monitoring as predictors. The results show that R2 of the model was 0.97 in Taman Cowin site, and it was 0.47 in Taman Nibong Tebal Jaya site. Negative correlation was found
between benzene concentration and temperature while there was positive correlation with humidity being found through the study.
Pearson’s correlation indicates that gasoline vehicular exhaust could be the major source of benzene. The UK Air Quality Standards
stipulated that the annual mean of ambient benzene should not exceed 5 ppb or 16.25 μg/m3. The results show that the current concentrations of benzene exceeded the permissible limits set by the UK standards. 相似文献
In 2005, the Ministry of Health in association with the Faculty of Medicine of Niamey decided to launch surgery at the district
hospital (DH) level as part of the health strategy for the country. Surgical procedures were provided by general practitioners
who received 12 months of training in basic surgery. 相似文献