Computed tomography characteristics of primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma

Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma is a very rare subtype of lung cancer. This report documents the CT features of 16 Chinese patients diagnosed with primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma from January 1999 to December 2005. A pre-treatment CT was used to assess the tumour site, size, borders, pleural and vascular involvement, and the presence of lymph node involvement. The majority of the patients were female non-smokers with centrally located tumours. Lymph node involvement and bronchial and vascular encasement were frequent. In an Epstein-Barr virus endemic area, primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma is an important differential diagnosis to consider.     

Constituents from Apium graveolens and their anti-inflammatory effects

A phthalide glycoside, (3R, 4R)-4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-senkyunolide (1), and a megastigmane glycoside, (6S, 7R)-3-oxo-megastigma-4, 8-dien-7-O-β-D-glucoside (2), along with two known aglycones (3–4), were isolated from the 70% EtOH extract of fresh whole grass of Apium graveolens L. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. All of these compounds were tested for their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production in the RAW 264.7 macrophages. Among them, compounds 3 and 4 showed potent inhibitory activity against LPS-induced nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 macrophages, with IC₅₀ values of 24.0 ± 2.1 μM and 28.6 ± 2.4 μM, respectively.     

异位妊娠声像图分析及超声诊断价值

目的探讨异位妊娠的声像图表现及超声诊断价值。方法对经手术病理证实的169例异位妊娠患者的声像图表现作回顾性分析。结果超声诊断符合率为89.4%(151/169),其中破裂型为96.4%(81/84),流产型为82.0%(41/50),未破裂型为87.9%(29/33),陈旧型为0%(0/2),误漏诊为10.7%(18/169)。结论超声检查是诊断异位妊娠的首选方法,为临床选择治疗方案及确定手术时机提供了可靠的依据。     

Outcome of biliary atresia in Malaysia: A single-centre study

Aim:   This study aimed to determine the outcome of the operation of children with biliary atresia (BA) at a tertiary paediatric referral centre in Malaysia.
Methods:   A prospective study on all patients with BA referred to the University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, from 1996 to 2005 was conducted. Survival with native liver, liver transplantation (LT) or death at 2 years of age was determined.
Results:   The median age at referral of the 57 patients with BA seen at University of Malaya Medical Centre was 62 days. Kasai procedure was not performed in nine patients who were all referred late (median age of referral 180 days). The median age at hepatoportoenterostomy (HPE) of the remaining 48 patients was 70 days. A total of 53 (93%) patients had type 3 BA, while only 1 (2%) patient had BA splenic malformation. At 2 years, the survival rate with native liver for the 48 patients who had HPE was 37%, while the overall survival (native liver and LT) rate was 40%. Two of the four patients who had LT survived with a liver graft at 2 years.
Conclusions:   The 2-year survival with native liver following corrective surgery for BA in UMMC, Malaysia, compares favourably with other international figures, but the overall survival rate was adversely affected by a lack of timely LT. The outcome of BA in Malaysia may be further improved by increasing the awareness among child-health professionals on the importance early referral for appropriate surgery in infants suspected of having BA.     

计数抽样检验程序(GB/T 2828.1-2003)运用于体外诊断试剂产品的研究

国内快诊产品的研发、生产在近几年得到快速的发展,国内市场不断增长的同时,很多企业也逐渐成为国外大公司的OEM生产基地。双方需建立OEM协议,在出厂检验这块越来越多的要求建立在共同的认知水平上,GB/T 2828.1-2003(国际标准为ISO2859-1:1999)成为各公司签署质量协议的共同语言。同时在一些法规中也有相应的要求,如美国联邦法规法典第21册第820部分质量体系法规(即21CFR Part 820 QSReg)中250条款明确规定抽样检验必须要有统计学依据。而GB/T 2828.1-2003正是建立在统计学依据上的用于指导抽样检验的技术性标准。本文分析了如何利用GB/T 2828.1-2003为快诊产品设定AQL,选取检验水平(Inspection level),制定转移规则等。     

早期口服布洛芬治疗极低出生体重儿动脉导管未闭的临床研究

目的：探讨早期口服布洛芬治疗极低出生体重儿（VLBWI）动脉导管未闭（PDA）的临床效果和安全性。方法：生后24 h内经床边心脏彩超确诊的有临床症状的VLBWI PDA 64例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组32例。治疗组生后24 h内口服布洛芬,首剂10 mg/kg,第2、3剂5 mg/kg,每剂间隔24 h。对照组给予安慰剂生理盐水1 mL/kg,第2、3剂0. 5 mL/kg,每剂间隔24 h。观察两组患儿的治疗效果及不良反应。结果：第1疗程结束后治疗组动脉导管关闭率为84%,明显高于对照组的41%,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。治疗组脑室周围白质软化和支气管肺发育不良的发生率明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）;机械通气时间和平均住院时间明显短于对照组（P＜0.05）。两组脑室内出血、早期肺出血、坏死性小肠结肠炎的发生率等差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,且均未发现明显不良反应。结论：早期口服布洛芬治疗VLBWI PDA可以减少部分近期并发症的发生率,缩短住院时间,且未发现明显不良反应。     

氯丙嗪、尼莫地平对过量水杨酸钠致豚鼠内耳损伤的保护作用

目的观察氯丙嗪、尼莫地平在过量水杨酸钠致豚鼠内耳损伤中的作用。方法将48只健康且耳廓反射正常的花色豚鼠随机分为4组,每组12只,A组:对照组(给等量生理盐水);B组:水杨酸钠(450mg/kg·d~(-1))组;C组:水杨酸钠(450mg/kg·d~(-1))+氯丙嗪(5mg/kg·d~(-1))组;D组:水杨酸钠(450mg/kg·d~(-1))+尼莫地平(3mg/kg·d~(-1))组。①测试ABR听反应阈和Ⅰ波潜伏期;②用放射免疫的方法检测耳蜗组织PG11α含量;③用比色发测量血浆中的NO含量。结果①B组、C组和D组动物在给药后的第2、4和第6天ABR阈值均有明显提高,对照组ABR阈值没有明显改变。B组于给药后的第6天达最高。同期各给药组组间比较C组和D组用药后第4、6、8、10天ABR阈值明显低于B组(P<0.05)。②A组在各时间段所测ABR Ⅰ波潜伏期无显著波动。B组、C组和D组在给药后的第4、6、8、10天与同期对照组比较及显著延长(P<0.05),这种变化在水杨酸钠给药组尤为明显(P<0.01)。而C组和D组在给药后的第8天和第10天与同期水杨酸钠给药组比较明显缩短(P<0.05)。③B组豚鼠耳蜗组织PGF1α含量明显低于对照组(P<0.001)和C组(P<0.005)以及D组(P<0.001)。而血浆NO含量B组明显低于对照组(P<0.01)和C组(P<0.05)。结论氯丙嗪、尼莫地平可能在一定程度上具有拮抗大剂量水杨酸钠引     

Characterization of a Sandwich PLGA-Gallic Acid-PLGA Coating on Mg Alloy ZK60 for Bioresorbable Coronary Artery Stents

Absorbable magnesium stents have become alternatives for treating restenosis owing to their better mechanical properties than those of bioabsorbable polymer stents. However, without modification, magnesium alloys cannot provide the proper degradation rate required to match the vascular reform speed. Gallic acid is a phenolic acid with attractive biological functions, including anti-inflammation, promotion of endothelial cell proliferation, and inhibition of smooth muscle cell growth. Thus, in the present work, a small-molecule eluting coating is designed using a sandwich-like configuration with a gallic acid layer enclosed between poly (d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) layers. This coating was deposited on ZK60 substrate, a magnesium alloy that is used to fabricate bioresorbable coronary artery stents. Electrochemical analysis showed that the corrosion rate of the specimen was ~2000 times lower than that of the bare counterpart. The released gallic acid molecules from sandwich coating inhibit oxidation by capturing free radicals, selectively promote the proliferation of endothelial cells, and inhibit smooth muscle cell growth. In a cell migration assay, sandwich coating delayed wound closure in smooth muscle cells. The sandwich coating not only improved the corrosion resistance but also promoted endothelialization, and it thus has great potential for the development of functional vascular stents that prevent late-stent restenosis.