中医药对外教育新模式的构建及探索

教育全球化进程的加速,给中医对外教育的发展带来机遇和挑战,构建和探索中医对外教育新模式势在必行,以进一步拓展中医药对外教育和推进中医药走向世界。     

健侧颈7移位治疗臂丛神经根性撕脱伤最佳时间选择的实验研究

健侧颈７移位治疗臂丛神经根性撕脱伤手术分第一阶段（健侧颈７移位到移植神经），第二阶段（移植神经另一端移植修复患侧神经），二次手术间隔多少时间才能获得最好的神经再生？选用ＳＤ大鼠及健侧颈７移位的实验模型，按二次手术间隔时间的不同（０、１、２、３、４、８、１６周）分成７组，在第二次术后１２周，进行电生理测定肌张力恢复率及组织切片的形态学观察，结果证实二次手术最佳间隔时间为４～８周．此结果可提供临床参考．     

Digital radiography of subtle pulmonary abnormalities: an ROC study of the effect of pixel size on observer performance

Forty conventional radiographs with examples of mild interstitial infiltrates and subtle pneumothoraces and 40 normal studies of the chest were selected and digitized, with pixel sizes of 1.0, 0.5, 0.2, and 0.1 mm. Observer performance tests were carried out using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Conventional radiographs and digitized images were compared. The results indicate that, in such cases, diagnostic accuracy increases significantly as the pixel size is reduced, at least to the 0.1-mm level. We conclude that, for digital systems using screen-film or similar image receptors, use of a pixel size substantially larger than 0.1 mm may result in some loss of diagnostic accuracy.     

Ultrasound biomicroscopic features of spherophakia

Background: Spherophakia is an uncommon diagnosis. This is the first case report of spherophakia evaluated by ultrasound biomicroscopy.
Methods: Ultrasound biomicroscopy is a new diagnostic technique developed by one of the authors and provides images with microscopic resolution of the anterior segment. A patient with spherophakia was evaluated by ultrasound biomicroscopy (Zeiss-Humphrey, 50MHz) before and after YAG laser iridotomy.
Results: Ultrasound biomicroscopic assessment revealed a shallow anterior chamber, a very steep anterior lens curvature, iridolenticular contact, elongated zonules, and an increased distance between the lens equator and the ciliary processes. Angle closure glaucoma was due to a pupil block mechanism. The pupil block was relieved by YAG laser iridotomy.
Conclusions: Ultrasound biomicroscopy is a useful technique to confirm the diagnosis of spherophakia. The pupil block in spherophakia is relieved by YAG laser iridotomy.     

20例胃平滑肌肿瘤的病理-X线分析

为了提高对胃平滑肌肿瘤的认识,作者回顾性分析了20例经手术、病理证实的胃平滑肌肿瘤的钡餐造影所见。结果表明,胃底与胃体上部是胃平滑肌肿瘤的病变高发区。本病具有典型胃粘膜下肿瘤的X线特征,腔内型者可见胃内边缘光滑的充盈缺损或软组织肿块,粘膜展平或推移;腔外型者可见突出胃外肿块或/和胃与邻近脏器受压;腔内外型者具有上述双重特征,肿瘤较大者多有溃疡形成,甚至囊变,根据肿瘤的大小、形态、生长类型及溃疡表现可作良恶性鉴别。本病的术前诊断主要依靠X线钡餐检查,但无胃肠压迫的腔外型肿瘤,钡餐则难以发现,CT或选择性血管造影可助诊断。     

Therapeutic limitations of argon laser trabeculoplasty.

Sixty-one patients (82 eyes) were studied after argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT) to determine the lasting efficacy of such treatment. This investigation, now in its fourth year, was prospective, and the information derived was analysed with the aid of a computer. Success was defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) below baseline (22 mmHg). The mean follow-up time was 24.5 months, when the success rate was 74% compared with 75% at three months. Success declined to 45% at 42 months. No significant difference was noted when (a) first lasered eyes of all patients and those fellow eyes treated were analysed separately, (b) when right and left eyes were analysed separately, nor (c) when patients were divided into two treatment groups, (I) 100 burns at 1 W, and (II) 65 burns at 850 mW. Eight of 11 eyes showed progressive postlaser field loss despite below-baseline intraocular pressures. ALT is an alternative to carbonic anhydrase inhibitor therapy, with a success rate of 66.7% at two years. However, repeat ALT was successful in only 25% of patients seven months after treatment.     

Rupture of the gravid uterus

Seventeen cases of uterine rupture in late pregnancy managed over an eight-year period in one hospital in Hong Kong were analysed. Labour was associated with rupture in 16 cases, including ten with one or more previous caesarean section scars. Rupture occurring in an unscarred uterus was associated with high fetal losses and all required hysterectomy. All of these patients had at least one previous vaginal delivery, in contrast to the patients with a scarred uterus. Labour should be closely monitored in multiparous patients with or without a uterine scar, and oxytocics should be used carefully. Patients with previous sections who are scheduled for repeat elective sections should be delivered before 39 weeks.