酞丁安对映体合成及其抗单纯疱疹病毒活性评价

酞丁安(3-酞酰亚胺-2-氧-正丁醛双缩氨硫脲,TDA)是药物研究所创制的抗病毒新药。为了研究其对映异构体(R),(S)-TDA对病毒活性及毒性是否有差异,并与消旋酞丁安(RS)-TDA的抗病毒活性及毒性进行比较,本文分别用已知构型的(R)-与(S)-丙氨酸为原料,通过缩合等6步反应,得到光学活性的(R)-,(S)-TDA,并与外消旋酞丁安比较其抗病毒活性及毒性。三者的抗单纯疱疹病毒活性与对细胞的毒性差别不大,说明消旋酞丁安临床使用是安全有效的。     

Denervation of taste buds in the rabbit

Twenty-five rabbits were used to study the effect of glossopharyngeal nerve transection upon the number, size and cellular constitution of the taste buds. The glossopharyngeal nerve was cut on one side, the other being left undisturbed as a control. The animals were sacrificed in groups of three after 7, 10, 14, 21, and 30 days, and 2 and 4 months after the operation. Seven days after the operation the size and number of intragemmal cells were decreased in the taste buds. The taste pores with hairlets passing through them disappeared. The number of taste buds on circumvallate papillae decreased. After ten days taste buds in both types of papillae showed signs of degeneration. Fourteen days after the operation there was a marked decrease in size and number of taste buds. The circumvallate papillae now possessed no taste buds. After 21 days few taste buds were present in foliate gutters. These consisted of one or two sustentacular cells each. After 30 days there were no taste buds on foliate papillae, and thickness of the epithelium lining the gutters was decreased. Two or four months after denervation, the foliate gutters were shallow and some had become flattened. The importance of the gustatory nerve for development and maintenance of the normal status of the taste buds is discussed.     

普鲁卡因选择性涂丝电极稳定性的研究

涂丝电极的应用已很广泛,但其稳定性差限制了它的进一步推广应用。本文找出普鲁卡因涂丝电极稳定性差的原因,制备了以聚乙烯醇(含盐酸普鲁卡因)为内参的Ag-Agcl丝涂(PVC)膜电极,其稳定性大为提高,并有良好的响应性能。     

体外制成复合软质再生颅骨修复材料填充犬颅骨缺损

目的:目前颅骨修补材料有很多种,但都为异源性无机骨替代物,并且应用该方法又要给患者再次行开颅手术,实验拟开展新型颅骨再生材料的研究。方法:实验于2006-05/11在解放军第一五七医院动物中心及中山大学附属第三医院动物实验室完成。①实验动物:30只犬随机分为实验组20只,对照组10只。②实验方法:应用纳米级羟基磷灰石为支架和成骨细胞培养,加入脱矿的犬类骨基质为载体的重组人类骨形成蛋白2,制成复合软质再生颅骨。实验组犬在右侧颅骨缺损中填补藻酸钙凝胶、成骨细胞、纳米级骨粉的复合材料,左侧颅骨缺损中填补藻酸钙凝胶、成骨细胞、纳米级骨粉和重组人类骨形成蛋白2的复合材料。对照组犬在右侧为单纯颅骨缺损,左侧颅骨缺损中填补藻酸钙凝胶、成骨细胞、纳米级骨粉和重组人类骨形成蛋白2复合材料。实验过程中对动物处置符合动物伦理学标准。③实验评估:手术后1,2,3,6个月X射线片检查颅骨缺损修复情况,对再生的颅骨组织标本进行茜素红S染色,观察成骨能力及再生材料骨膜组织细胞体外培养情况。结果:实验动物均进入结果分析。术后1个月,成骨活跃,骨端新生骨小梁基本覆盖骨断端,缺损区可见较多新生骨小梁形成,骨端新生骨小梁向缺损区长入;术后2个月可见较多散在骨岛形成;术后3个月可见成熟骨,并有髓腔形成,缺损区大量新骨形成。而各对照组骨断端处有散在骨岛,或被增生的纤维结缔组织占据,可见大量纤维组织及毛细血管长入,植入的基质材料基本被吸收,无新骨生成。结论:应用纳米级羟基磷灰石为支架和成骨细胞培养,加入脱矿骨基质为载体的重组人类骨形成蛋白2,制成的复合软质再生颅骨能自身代谢并逐渐骨化,形成新的颅骨。     

Phytochemical and biological studies of Adiantum capillus-veneris L.

Chromatographic fractionation of the alcoholic extract of the dried fronds of Adiantum capillus-veneris L. (Adiantaceae) yielded seven compounds: four triterpenoidal compounds belonging to adiantane and filicane groups were isolated from the hexane fraction and identified as isoadiantone (1); isoadiantol-B (2); 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyfilicane (3) and 3,4-dihydroxyfilicane (4) and three flavonoids were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction and identified as: quercetin (5), quercetin-3-O-glucoside (6) and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (rutin) (7). The identification of the isolated compounds has been established through their physical, chemical and spectroscopic methods including IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, HSQC, HMBC, NOESY and MS. Biological studies of the total alcoholic extract, hexane fraction and some of the isolated compounds showed an anti-inflammatory activity while the hypoglycemic study of the total alcoholic extract showed a significant activity.     

热休克蛋白70对心脏移植大鼠供心心肌生化指标的影响

目的:观察应激情况下产生的热休克蛋白70对心脏移植大鼠供心心肌相关生化指标的影响。方法:实验于2006-04/09在青岛市市立医院中心实验室完成。①实验动物及分组:取成年SPF级雄性Wistar大鼠18只,按随机数字表法分为2组,每组9只。对照组腹腔注射生理盐水0.5mL,注射后24h取离体心脏,灌注HTK心脏保护液,并置于HTK液4℃保存3h后建立Langendorff离体心脏灌注模型,灌注K-H液2h。实验组腹腔注射重酒石酸去甲肾上腺素(溶于生理盐水中)3.1μmol/kg(0.53mg/kg),24h后取离体心脏,余处理步骤同对照组。②实验评估:应用全自动生化分析仪测定心肌肌酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶含量;计算心肌肌酸激酶(乳酸脱氢酶)10min漏出率、心肌含水量;采用羟胺法测定超氧化物歧化酶活性,采用硫代巴比妥酸法测定丙二醛含量,采用双缩脲法测定组织蛋白含量;采用免疫组织化学法,以染色阳性面积占视野面积的百分比作为心肌组织热休克蛋白70的表达量。结果:18只大鼠全部进入结果分析,无脱失。①心肌组织热休克蛋白70含量:实验组高于对照组(t=17.96,P<0.01)。②相关生化指标:实验组大鼠心肌肌酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶10min漏出率、心肌含水量及丙二醛含量显著均低于对照组(t=4.13～15.81,P<0.01),实验组大鼠心肌超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于对照组(t=10.89,P<0.01)。结论:热休克蛋白70的高表达能减少氧自由基对供心心肌的损害,是热休克蛋白70发挥其供心心肌保护作用的可能途径之一。     

Disequilibrium in naturally occurring radioactive series in some phosphate ores

Eight phosphate ore samples from Egypt and Saudi Arabia were studied by atomic absorption spectrometry for the Bi, Pb, Th and Al concentrations in ppm or ppb or per cent. Also X-ray diffraction spectrometry was applied for determining the mineral and chemical composition of the phosphate ore samples. A gamma spectrometry system, based on HPGe crystal, was applied for determining the concentrations of the radioactive elements in (238)U, (226)Ra and (232)Th series as well as (40)K, in Bq/kg dry weight. Concentrations in ppm were found to be from <10.0 to 20.48, from <7.50 to 27.30 and from <1.0 to 50.0 for Bi, Pb and Th, respectively. Al ranged from <0.05 to 3.13%. Major, minor and trace chemical and mineral compositions were assigned for each sample by XRD spectrometry. Concentrations of the different elements in both radioactive series, (238)U, (226)Ra and (232)Th were compared. Disequilibrium was found in both series.     

头序木叶中三萜化学成分的研究

从头序木（ＡｒａｌｉａｄａｓｙｐｈｙｌａＭｉｑ）叶中分离到６个三萜化合物，用化学方法和波谱（ＵＶ，ＩＲ，ＭＳ，１ＨＮＭＲ，１３ＣＮＭＲ，１３ＣＤＥＰＴ，ＨＭＱＣ，ＨＭＢＣ）分析，确定其中４种化合物的结构，分别为齐墩果酸（Ｉ），１６β羟基１８βＨ齐墩果酸（Ｉ），齐墩果酸２８ＯβＤ吡喃葡萄糖甙（ＩＩ）和１６β羟基１８βＨ齐墩果酸２８ＯβＤ吡喃葡萄糖甙（ＩＶ）。用ＮＯＥＳＹ谱确定化合物Ｉ的立体构型。以上４个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离到，化合物ＩＶ为新化合物。