双波长紫外分光光度法测定贝母中腺苷和胸苷的含量

将4种贝母的甲醇提取物经薄层色谱法粗分离后,直接用双波长紫外分光光度法测定其含量。结果表明,该方法线性关系好,腺苷和胸苷标准曲线的相关系数均为0.9999,同时也发现平贝、炉贝和伊贝中腺苷都占核苷总量60%以上,而浙贝中仅占约40%,提示贝母生药的抗凝血活性可能与贝母中核苷类化合物的种类和含量的差别有关。     

Immobilising effect of Ruta graveolens L. on human spermatozoa: coumarin compounds are involved

This study was designed to find out Ruta graveolens L. functional components, which have immobilisation effect on human spermatozoa for contraceptive use. A five‐step fractionation method was used to derive different components from rue aqueous extract by using hexane, chloroform, ethanol, acetone and ultrapure water. Gas chromatography–mass spectrophotometery (GC–MS) of all fractions and the aqueous extract were performed to determine the chemical components. The immobilisation assay and membrane integrity test were also performed with four different coumarins, which were found in GC–MS in a concentration of 10 μm . Hexane, chloroform, acetone and ethanol fractions could significantly decrease motility of sperms within the first and the second hours. Hexane fraction had also significant immediate effect. The aqueous fraction had no effect on sperm motility. Meanwhile, GC–MS revealed that aqueous extract and effective fractions had similar coumarin compounds. We performed the immobilisation assay on four different coumarins, which were found in GC–MS in a concentration of 10 μm . Reduction of sperm motility was only significant for xanthotoxin. In the sperm viability and membrane integrity tests, hexane and ethanolic fractions could impair sperm vitality significantly, in contrast to coumarins. These results indicated that a part of immobilising effect of rue could be due to its coumarins. The possible mechanism could be blocking of spermatozoa potassium channels.     

Immobilization effect of Ruta graveolens L. on human sperm: a new hope for male contraception

AIM OF THE STUDY: Contraceptive plants which were introduced by folk in traditional remedies are investigated worldwide. In this study, the contraceptive effects of Ruta graveolens L., which has been mentioned for male contraceptive in Iranian traditional folk medicine, was experimented on human sperm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Different doses of lyophilized aqueous extract of Ruta graveolens L. were added to an amount of fresh semen, containing 10(6) cells in a 1:1 volumic ratio. Motility and viability of cells, DNA status, mitochondrial activity and sperm revival tests were carried out. RESULTS: The sperm immobilization effects of the extract appeared immediately in a does-dependent manner and 100% of the sperms became immotile at a concentration of 100mg/ml but other parameters were intact. After washing the sperms, motility was returned in 30.8+/-3.2% of the sperms, besides coiled tails in 38.6+/-5.5% of the treated cells, in comparison to 12.5+/-2.0% of the control group (p=0.001). The part of the extract, responsible for immobilization of the sperms was stable upon boiling. CONCLUSIONS: As the cells were alive and immotile, probably some ionic currents are blocked by a thermostable component of the plant which can be promising as a new male channel blocker contraceptive.     

The present neurosurgical interventions in the treatment of mental disorders

The article presents contemporary views on various types of neurosurgical intervention in the treatment of mental disorders. Indications to surgical management in such cases, as well as the principles of patients qualification and exclusion criteria are discussed.     

Stereotactic biopsy of polylmorphic tumors and brain tumors invisible in CT image

The authors present the possibilities of obtaining tissue samples with stereotactic biopsy basing on three examples of intracranial polymorphic and invisible in CT tumours. CT scans of these tumours make a serious problem with proper targeting and tissue sampling from proper sites. Stereotactic serial biopsy directed by CT/MRI fusion is the best way of obtaining tissue material in order to establish correct diagnosis.     

Carbon cage used for anterior lumbar interbody fusion: a case report

Two cases of patients with lumbar discopathy who underwent anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) were described. The authors stress the advantages and disadvantages of this kind of stabilization.     

The case of a patient with treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder operated by stereotactic bilateral cingulotomy

This case report presents the first patient in Poland with treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder, operated by stereotactic bilateral cingulotomy. The patient, aged 38 years, with 20-year duration of illness, despite intensive pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatment was totally unable to function due to obsessive-compulsive symptoms of extreme intensity. The paper presents the neuroimaging documentation of psychosurgery performed on 3rd December 2002. On the basis of nearly two-year follow-up of the patient, the result of the psychosurgery can be assessed as moderately favorable. The patient's subjective mood and social functioning have improved, as well as his cognitive functions measured by means of neuropsychological tests. In patients with severe, chronic and treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder psychosurgical treatment may be a therapeutic option.     

新缩瞳剂包公藤甲素人工合成研究

包公藤甲素是从包公藤(Erycibe obtusifolia Benth.)茎中提得的一个新莨菪烷生物碱,具有强烈的缩瞳作用,临床用于治疗青光眼。本文报道用合成的6β-乙酰氧基托品酮为原料,经卤代、水解、还原和N-去甲基化等反应合成包甲素(8)。经光谱测定证实8与天然包甲素的结构完全一致。合成品系外消旋体,其作用机理与天然品相同,而强度则减半。