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Recent advances in diagnosis and management of pulmonary hypertension in chronic lung disease 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
NV Subhedar 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》2004,93(S444):29-32
Pulmonary hypertension with elevated pulmonary vascular resistance is a common cardiovascular complication associated with increased morbidity and mortality in preterm infants with chronic lung disease. Injury to the developing pulmonary circulation results in structural and functional abnormalities of the pulmonary vasculature. Animal studies have demonstrated that disruption of angiogenesis may contribute to the failure of normal alveolarisation in chronic lung disease. Levels of vascular endothelial growth factor in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid are lower in infants with chronic lung disease compared to preterm controls. Supplemental oxygen is commonly used to prevent and treat pulmonary hypertension, although optimal arterial oxygen saturation levels remain uncertain. Other vasodilators such as inhaled nitric oxide appear promising, but as yet have not been evaluated in the form of randomised controlled trials. Further studies are required to investigate the long-term effectiveness of pulmonary vasodilator therapy. 相似文献
3.
目的:总结杂交技术镶嵌治疗儿童法洛四联症(TOF)的经验。方法:外科术前介入治疗:3例有巨大体肺侧支(APCAs)的重症TOF在根治术前予以侧支血管堵塞术。外科术后镶嵌治疗:6例TOF根治术后残余分流,其中4例残余膜周部室间隔缺损,1例残余左室右房通道室间隔缺损,1例残余房间隔缺损,分别予以经导管残余心脏缺损封堵术。结果:3例有巨大APCAs的重症TOF在根治术前予以侧支血管堵塞术后随即进行外科手术,皆获得满意效果。6例TOF根治术后残余分流者行经导管封堵术封堵成功,随访无残余分流及心脏瓣膜异常,未出现心律失常。结论:杂交技术镶嵌治疗伴有巨大APCAs及术后存在残余分流的TOF安全、有效。 相似文献
4.
Background:
There is paucity of information on the relationship of quality of life (QOL) in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and dysthymic disorder (DD) with disability grade in India.Aim:
To assess the relation of QOL with disability level in OCD and DD.Materials and Methods:
This hospital based study was conducted in a medical institution in Davanagere, Karnataka, India. Data was collected by using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual IV Text Revision (DSM IV TR) criteria, WHO QOL BREF and IDEAS. Relationship between disability grade and QOL was assessed by independent sample t test.Results:
Mild disabled OCD patients had a significantly better QOL in the Q1 domain i.e. perception on quality of life as compared to moderately disabled patients (P < 0.05), while in other domains of QOL, there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). But, QOL score in physical domain showed significant difference across disability grades (56.00, SD = 6.89; 48.50, SD = 12.28) in DD, but not in other domains.Conclusion:
Perception of QOL is better in those with mild disability in OCD, but in DD, physical domain of QOL score is more in mild disability compared to moderate disability. 相似文献5.
Luo D Liu QF Gove C Naomov N Su JJ Williams R 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》1998,4(2):97-99
AIM:To study the relationship between N-ras gene mutation and p53 gene expression in the carcinogenesis and the development of human hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC).METHODS:The N-ras gene mutation and the p53 gene expression were analyzed in 29 cases of HCC by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and immunohistochemistry.RESULTS:Thirteen cases of HCCs were p53 positive (44.8%), which showed a rather high Cpercen-tage of p53 gene mutation in Guangxi. The aberrations at N-ras codon 2-37 were found in 79.31% of HCCs and 80.77% of adjacent non-tumorous liver tissues. More than 2 point mutations of N-ras gene were observed in 22 cases (75.86%). Twelve cases (41.37%) of HCCs showed both N-ras gene mutation and p53 gene expression.CONCLUSION:N-ras gene and p53 gene may be involved in the carcinogenesis and the development of HCC.That 38% of HCCs with N-ras gene mutation did not express p53 protein indicates that some other genes or factors may participate in the carcinogenesis and the development of HCC. 相似文献
6.
Bellibas SE Siddique Z Dorr A Bertasso A Sista P Kolis SJ Cotler S Delora P;T-/NV Study Group 《The Pediatric infectious disease journal》2004,23(12):1137-1141
BACKGROUND: Enfuvirtide is the first of a new class of antiretroviral agents, the fusion inhibitors. OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this analysis was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of 2.0 mg/kg enfuvirtide in human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1)-infected children and adolescents when administered in combination with at least 3 other antiretrovirals. METHODS: Twenty-five HIV-1-infected pediatric patients (5-16 years of age) enrolled in an ongoing phase I/II study were included in this analysis. Patients received enfuvirtide 2.0 mg/kg sc twice daily (bid) for at least 7 days. Blood samples were collected on day 7, and plasma concentrations of enfuvirtide and its metabolite were measured by a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. Pharmacokinetics measures [Cmax, tmax, Ctrough, and area under the concentration time curve time 0 to 12 hours (AUC12 hours)] were calculated from plasma concentration-time data by standard noncompartmental methods. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between children and adolescents for enfuvirtide Cmax (6.43 versus 5.88 microg/mL), Ctrough (2.87 versus 2.98 microg/mL) and AUC12 hours (56.1 versus 52.7 hours . microg/mL). Similarly no significant differences were found when the pharmacokinetic measures were compared based on sexual maturity stages. A post hoc regression analysis based on AUC12 hours showed that body weight-adjusted dosing of enfuvirtide provides drug exposure that is independent of age group, body weight and body surface area. CONCLUSIONS: Body weight-adjusted dosing of enfuvirtide, at a dose of 2.0 mg/kg sc bid, in HIV-1-infected pediatric patients at least 5 years of age, provides drug exposure comparable with that previously observed in HIV-1-infected adults after 90 mg sc bid dosing. Drug exposure in children and adolescents is independent of age group, body weight, body surface area and sexual maturity stage. 相似文献
7.
M?ChakravarthyEmail author V?Jawali M?Manohar TA?Patil K?Jayaprakash NV?Shivananda 《Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery》2003,19(3):151-154
Conclusion Our case report highlights the possibility of tackling mediastinal, pericardial and pleural problems with regional anesthesia
alone even if the surgery requires opening of the pleura. 相似文献
8.
PW Czoty NV Riddick HD Gage M Sandridge SH Nader S Garg M Bounds PK Garg MA Nader 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2009,34(3):548-554
Sex differences have been reported in a variety of affective and neurodegenerative disorders that involve dysfunctional dopamine (DA) neurotransmission. In addition, there is evidence for differences in sensitivity to the abuse-related effects of psychostimulants across the menstrual cycle which may result from effects of ovarian hormones on DA function. The goal of the present study was to extend previous work examining menstrual cycle-related changes in DA D2 receptor availability in humans to drug-naive female cynomolgus monkeys (n=7) using the selective D2-like receptor ligand [(18)F]fluoroclebopride (FCP) and a high-resolution microPET P4 scanner. Menstrual cycle phase was characterized by daily vaginal swabs and measurements of serum progesterone levels. PET studies were conducted once during the luteal phase and once during the follicular phase. Regions of interest in the caudate nucleus, putamen, and cerebellum were defined on coregistered MRIs. Distribution volumes were calculated for FCP in each structure and the distribution volume ratio (DVR) for both brain regions relative to the cerebellum was used as a measure of D2 receptor availability. FCP DVRs were significantly higher in the luteal phase compared to the follicular phase in both the caudate nucleus (11.7% difference, p=0.02) and putamen (11.6% difference, p=0.03). These findings extend earlier work in humans and suggest that changes in DA receptor availability may be involved in the variation in symptoms of various neuropsychiatric disorders across the menstrual cycle, including differences in sensitivity to the abuse-related effects of stimulants. 相似文献
9.
L. A. F. Paiva L. A. Gurgel R. M. Silva A. R. Tom N. V. Gramosa E. R. Silveira F. A. Santos V. S. N. Rao 《Vascular pharmacology》2002,39(6)
Kaurenoic acid, a diterpene from Copaifera langsdorffii (Leguminaceae), was evaluated on rat colitis induced by acetic acid. Rats were pretreated orally (15 and 2 h before) or rectally 2 h before induction of colitis with kaurenoic acid (50 and 100 mg/kg) or vehicle (1 ml, 3% DMSO). Colitis was induced by intracolonic instillation of a 2 ml of 4% (v/v) acetic acid solution and, 24 h later, the colonic mucosal damage was analysed macroscopically for the severity of mucosal damage, the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the colon segments. A marked reduction in gross damage score (52% and 42%) and wet weight of damaged colon tissue (39% and 32%) were observed in rats that received 100 mg/kg kaurenoic acid, respectively, by rectal and oral routes. This effect was confirmed biochemically by a two- to three-fold reduction of colitis associated increase in MPO activity, the marker of neutrophilic infiltration and by a marked decrease in MDA level, an indicator of lipoperoxidation in colon tissue. Furthermore, light microscopy revealed the marked diminution of inflammatory cell infiltration and submucosal edema formation in the colon segments of rats treated with the test compound. These findings indicate the anti-inflammatory potential of kaurenoic acid in acetic acid-induced colitis. 相似文献
10.