丙型肝炎病毒核心蛋白在HepG2细胞中的表达及其对端粒酶活性的影响

目的 建立HCV核心蛋白细胞表达模型，并探讨其对细胞端粒酶活性的影响。方法 用PCR法扩增出HCV核心基因cDNA，将其插入真核表达载体pBK-CMV的HindⅢ和BamHⅠ位点间，构建重组质粒pBK-HCVc。再将重组质粒pBK-HCVc和空载体分别导入肝癌细胞株HepG2中，G418筛选，RT－PCR、免疫组化和蛋白印迹鉴定HCV核心蛋白表达。PCR－ELISA法检测端粒酶活性。结果 构建的pBK-HCVc质粒在HepG2细胞中有稳定表达。表达HCV核心蛋白的细胞HepG2-C的端粒酶活性较转染空载体的细胞HepG2-CMV明显升高。结论 HCV核心蛋白上调了端粒酶活性，可能是HCV诱发肝细胞癌的一种途径。     

绞贞汤治疗放、化疗引起白细胞减少518例临床研究--附50例细胞形态学改变的分析

目的探讨自拟绞贞汤或绞贞冲剂治疗放、化疗引起白细胞减少的疗效,及其对白细胞形态学变化的影响.方法 618例放、化疗引起白细胞减少患者随机分为3组,即绞贞汤(治疗)组518例、焦三仙对照组50例和鲨肝醇、维生素B4西药组50例,观察3组临床疗效及白细胞回升情况;并对50例白细胞低于3.9×109/L末梢血涂片进行细胞形态学分析,对25例白细胞减少为(0.7～3..9)×109/L患者应用绞贞汤或绞贞冲剂治疗前后的细胞形态学改变进行观察.结果①绞贞汤组白细胞回升至4.0×109/L及以上者时间、例数及总有效率分别与西药组和对照组比较,均有显著性差异(P＜0.001);②50例白细胞减少患者细胞形态学分析主要为粒细胞绝对值减少、中性粒细胞有中毒性颗粒、单核细胞与淋巴细胞增多等;③绞贞汤或绞贞冲剂治疗白细胞减少为(0.7～3.9)×109/L 25例,白细胞均回升至(4.3～6.7)×109/L.结论绞贞汤或绞贞冲剂治疗放、化疗引起的白细胞减少疗效较好,且无任何副作用,便于临床推广应用.     

课程思政改革背景下温病学思政教育探索与实践

在新的时代背景下，将课程思政教育全面深入高校教学课程已经成为中医药高等教育教学改革工作的重要目标。作为中医学重要的经典及专业课程之一，《温病学》的教学内容中蕴含着丰富的课程思政元素。在前期对2018级中医学本科五年制学生开展课程思政需求的问卷调查基础上，进行学情分析。并以此为依据，在《温病学》教学内容中融入和渗透思想政治教育，从爱国情怀和奉献精神、救死扶伤的医学精神、职业伦理和道德、科学精神和社会责任、文化传承与创新创业等多角度探索实施温病学课程思政的有效路径，达到增强爱国精神、培养奉献精神、培育传承精神、激发创新精神、唤起人文精神的目的。以期在传授温病学知识的同时，构建思政教育与温病学课堂教学有效整合的教学环境，全面落实立德树人的根本任务，实现知识传授与世界观、人生观、价值观教育同频共振，为中医药事业培养德才兼备的优秀人才。     

固定效应方差分析中四种离差平方和的定义与探讨

目的系统介绍并探讨固定效应方差分析中四种离差平方和计算方法,为正确进行方差分析提供参考。方法介绍四种离差平方和的原理,结合实例展示具体计算过程和它们相互间的联系,并用SPSS和SAS软件验证。结果对相关理论和具体计算方面都给出了较详尽的过程。结论方差分析应根据数据特征选择离差平方和的计算方法。     

卵巢癌脾脏转移瘤18F-FDG PET/CT表现

目的 观察卵巢癌脾脏转移瘤的¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT表现。方法 回顾性分析经病理及临床随访证实的21例卵巢癌脾脏转移瘤患者的¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT表现,分析病灶最大标准摄取值（SUV_max）与最大径的相关性。结果 21例中,17例单发,4例多发,共28个病灶。13个病灶¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT表现为类圆形低密度影,其中9个病灶边界清晰,4个病灶边界不清;4个病灶密度不均匀,内见坏死、囊变,余9个病灶密度均匀。15个病灶表现为类圆形等密度影,边界不清,密度均匀。28个病灶均呈¹⁸F-FDG高摄取,其中21个病灶¹⁸F-FDG摄取均匀,7个病灶¹⁸F-FDG摄取不均匀。卵巢癌脾脏转移瘤的SUV_max为8.04±3.92,最大径为（2.23±1.02） cm,SUV_max与最大径呈正相关（r=0.687,P<0.001）。21例中,5例肿瘤仅累及脾脏;16例累及其他部位。结论 卵巢癌脾脏转移瘤的¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT表现具有一定特征性。     

The effect of whole-body vibration exercise on postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Osteoporosis (OP) is an age-related disease characterized by reduced bone mass and increased bone fragility. It is more common in older people and postmenopausal women. As a new type of exercise training for OP, whole-body vibration (WBV) exercise has been proved to have a good effect on postmenopausal women with OP. It can increase bone density and improve strength and balance in postmenopausal population, which has certain clinical value, but lacks evidence-based medicine evidence. This study aims to systematically study the effectiveness of WBV exercise on postmenopausal women with OP.Methods:The English databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library) and Chinese databases (China National Knowledge Network, Wanfang, Weipu, China Biomedical Database) were searched by computer. From the establishment of the database to February 2021, the randomized controlled clinical studies on WBV exercise on postmenopausal women with OP were conducted. The quality of the included studies was independently extracted by 2 researchers and literature quality was evaluated. Meta-analysis of the included studies was performed using RevMan5.3 software.Results:In this study, the efficacy and safety of WBV exercise on postmenopausal women with OP were evaluated by lumbar spine bone density, femoral neck bone density, pain, incidence of falls, incidence of fractures, and quality of life scale score, etc.Conclusion:This study will provide reliable evidences for the clinical application of WBV exercise on postmenopausal women with OP.Ethics and dissemination:Private information from individuals will not be published. This systematic review also does not involve endangering participant rights. Ethical approval will not be required. The results may be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated at relevant conferences.OSF Registration number:DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/WPYT9     

Anticyanobacterial effect of l-lysine on Microcystis aeruginosa

Cyanobacterial blooms can cause serious environmental problems and threaten aquatic organisms and human health. It is therefore essential to effectively control cyanobacterial blooms in aquatic ecosystems. In the present study, the anticyanobacterial effect of l-lysine on Microcystis aeruginosa was examined. The results showed that the growth of M. aeruginosa (>90%) was effectively inhibited by l-lysine at dosages of 5.0, 6.5, and 8.0 mg L⁻¹ after 3 d treatment. The content of superoxide anion radicals, MDA content and SOD activity in M. aeruginosa cells increased after 1 d of treatment with l-lysine (3.0, 5.0, 6.5, and 8.0 mg L⁻¹), revealing that l-lysine induced oxidative stress in the cyanobacterial cells. The chlorophyll-a and protein contents in M. aeruginosa treated with l-lysine (3.0, 5.0, 6.5, and 8.0 mg L⁻¹) decreased after 2 d, indicating damage of the photosynthetic system by l-lysine treatment. Additionally, the production of exopolysaccharide by M. aeruginosa also increased and the expression of polysaccharide synthesis genes was upregulated by 3.0 mg L⁻¹l-lysine after 3 d of treatment. In response to the algicidal effects of l-Lysine, M. aeruginosa upregulated exopolysaccharide synthesis. Electron microscopic observations demonstrated that the cell membrane of M. aeruginosa was broken down during treatment with l-lysine (≥3.0 mg L⁻¹). Our results revealed that the effects of l-lysine on M. aeruginosa cells were comprehensive, and l-lysine is therefore an efficient anticyanobacterial reagent.

l-lysine had an anticyanobacterial effect on Microcystis aeruginosa, which involved growth inhibition, physiological and metabolic disturbance, and cell membrane damage.     

miR-214-5p通过靶向调控PTEN的表达对破骨分化和骨质疏松的影响

 目的 探讨miR-214-5p通过靶向调控PTEN的表达对破骨分化和骨质疏松的影响。方法 选取2019-03至2020-05在空军军医大学唐都医院外科进行脊柱手术的骨质疏松患者20例(骨质疏松组),同时选取非骨质疏松症患者20例为对照组,抽取两组骨髓血。将miR-214-5pmimics(miR-214-5pmimics组)、miR-214-5p空质粒(miR-214-5pvector组)、shZFAS1载体(sh PTEN组)、shZFAS1空载体(sh vector组)转染到骨质疏松患者细胞,对照组细胞不进行任何转染处理。采用RT-qPCR 检测骨髓单个核细胞中的miR-214-5p和PTEN mRNA及 Raw264.7单核巨噬细胞中NFaTc1、MMP9、TRAP、CTSK的mRNA水平;通过TRAP染色检测TRAP染色的阳性率;通过Western blot 检测PTEN、NFATc1、AKT和PI3K蛋白水平。结果 骨质疏松组miR-214-5p水平的表达明显高于对照组(P＜0.001),骨质疏松组PTEN的表达显著低于对照组(P=0.009);miR-214-5pmimics组中TRAP表达阳性率明显高于对照组和miR-214-5p vector组(P＜0.001);sh PTEN组中TRAP表达阳性率明显高于对照组和sh vector组(P＜0.001);miR-214-5p mimics组中的NFaTc1、MMP9、TRAP和CTSK水平显著高于对照组(P<0.001);sh PTEN组中的NFaTc1、MMP9、TRAP和CTSK水平显著高于对照组(P<0.001);与miR-214-5p mimics组相比,miR-214-5pmimics+PTEN组中TRAP表达阳性率显著降低(P＜0.001)。结论 骨质疏松症患者的骨髓单个核细胞中miR-214-5p表达上调,miR-214-5p可以调控PTEN表达,过表达miR-214-5p可能通过靶向PTEN促进破骨细胞分化。     

儿童创伤性迟发性硬膜外血肿12例临床特征分析

目的分析12例创伤性迟发性硬膜外血肿(DTEDH)患儿的临床特征,以期提高临床对儿童DTEDH的认识。方法选取河南科技大学第一附属医院2014年4月—2018年4月收治的DTEDH患儿12例,回顾性分析其临床特征,包括临床表现、影像学特征、治疗方法及预后等。结果(1)临床表现:头痛7例,呕吐6例,不同程度意识障碍4例,单侧肢体肌力下降4例,脑脊液漏2例,癫痫1例。(2)影像学特征:12例患儿入院后首次颅脑CT检查均未发现硬膜外血肿表现,发现颅骨骨折伴颅内积气6例,局部脑挫裂伤2例,蛛网膜下腔出血1例;常规复查颅脑CT确诊DTEDH 5例,因症状加重急查颅脑CT确诊DTEDH 7例,CT表现为梭形高密度影。(3)治疗方法:3例患儿血肿量分别为10、10、15 ml,采用药物保守治疗;5例患儿血肿量为25~30 ml,行微创穿刺引流术治疗;4例患儿血肿量为30~50 ml,行开颅血肿清除+去骨瓣减压术治疗。1例患儿由于合并严重贫血而进行输血治疗。(4)预后:11例好转出院,1例因开颅血肿清除+去骨瓣减压术后并发肺部感染而死亡;11例好转出院患儿随访3~6个月均未遗留明显后遗症。结论儿童DTEDH起病较隐匿,致死率、致残率较高,对于高度怀疑DTEDH的患儿,临床医师应提高警惕并注意动态复查颅脑CT,以早期明确诊断,合理选择治疗方法以改善患儿预后。