便携式超声在院外急救困难静脉穿刺的应用研究

目的研究便携式超声在院外急救困难静脉穿刺中的应用研究。方法将2017年12月-2018年11月郴州市第一人民医院中心医院院外急救科接诊的135例严重创伤失血性休克患者,采用随机数字法分为超声引导组和常规对照组,超声引导组将超声引导技术应用于静脉穿刺过粒,包含有操作前静脉血管评估,操作时实施引导,操作后进行确认评估。常规对照组则采用常规触摸或者触摸不到依据解剖学血管走向进行言穿。对照两组巧一次性穿刺成功率、穿刺时间、并发症发生率进行比较。结果超声引导组一次性穿刺成功率为88.06%,穿刺时间及并发症发生率小于常规对照组。结论在院外急救中使用便携式超声引导静脉穿刺可以提高穿刺成功率。     

声诺维超声造影对兔肾射频消融灶的连续性评价

目的探讨声诺维（SonoVue）超声造影技术对正常肾脏射频消融灶术后效果的连续性评价作用。方法20只新西兰大白兔射频消融术后,采用SonoVue超声造影分别在术后1d、1周、1个月及3个月对消融灶进行观察评价,并将超声造影结果与大体标本消融灶结果对照分析。结果术后1d和1周,射频在兔肾产生的消融灶在切面上呈现楔形改变,传统超声不能显示消融灶的范围,超声造影准确地反映了消融灶的外观和大小,与大体标本消融灶实际的大小相差也仅1mm左右。在术后1个月和3个月时,消融灶在二维超声上呈高回声改变,超声造影可见肾内小的灌注缺损区,与大体测量的肾纤维结节大小相差也在1mm以内。结论SonoVue超声造影技术可以准确地反映正常肾脏射频消融后的发展及演变情况。     

超声造影在肝脏功能显像上的研究进展

超声造影肝脏功能显像是目前的研究热点之一。这种非侵入性技术可对肝弥漫性病变和局灶性病变提供更多有价值的诊断信息,尤其是明显提高了超声对肝硬化的诊断信心。而且该技术已初步应用于微小转移性肝癌诊断及肝癌射频消融治疗疗效评估,为临床微小肝癌诊断及微创治疗疗效评估提供了新的途径,已显示出在临床上的应用潜力。     

九味肝泰胶囊质量标准的研究

目的：建立九味肝泰胶囊质量标准。方法：采用TLC法对五味子进行鉴别;并用HPLC法测定五味子中五味子醇甲的含量,色谱柱为Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18（250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）,流动相为甲醇-水（55∶45）,柱温35℃,流速为0.8 ml·min-1,检测波长为250 nm。结果：TLC色谱斑点清晰;五味子醇甲对照品在82.54～3 896.48 ng范围内线性关系良好（r=0.999 9）,平均回收率99.32%（RSD为1.05%）。结论：本法简便、可靠、准确,可用于该制剂的质量控制。     

回春酒质量标准的研究

目的:建立回春酒质量标准。方法:采用TLC法对当归与丁香进行鉴别;用HPLC法测定淫羊藿的含量,色谱柱为Agilent TC-C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水(27∶73),柱温35℃,流速为0.8 ml.min-1,检测波长为270 nm。结果:TLC色谱斑点清晰;淫羊藿苷对照品在12.99～1 299 ng范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 9),平均回收率为98.5%,RSD为1.5%(n=9)。结论:本法简便、可靠、准确,可用于该制剂的质量控制。     

Incidence and characteristics of cardiac rhythm disorders after myocardial infarct]

In the course of 1 year 130 patients were examined who had survived myocardial infarction and were alive 2 months after the onset of the disease and were included into the Myocardial Infarction Registry. After 2,3,6,9 and 12 months ECG of various duration was recorded. The prolongation of ECG recording permits to give a more precise characteristics of the incidence and nature of the rhythm disorders observed in chronic ischaemic heart disease patients. Repeated heart rhythm examinations at rest during 1 hour, or during physical exercises (bicycle test) permitted to reveal rhythm disorders in 72.2--66.7% of the patients, and among them ventricular extrasystole in 62.6--66.7% of those examined, respectively. The appearance of ventricular extrasystoles correlates with the state of the patients surviving myocardial infarction A higher incidence of ventricular extrasystoles is observed in pateints with distinct tecg changes, with angina pectoris and elevated blood pressure (larger than or equal to140/90mm Hg).     

High-intensity focused ultrasound in ovarian cancer xenografts

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to determine whether highintensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is an effective treatment for ovarian carcinoma in an athymic nude mouse model. METHODS: Thirty-nine female athymic nude mice were inoculated subcutaneously with 5-7xx10(6) SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cells. Thirty-two animals developed tumours and were randomly divided into three groups: HIFU (n=18), sham treatment (n=8) and control (n=6). The sonographic appearance of the tumours during therapy was recorded. After therapy, the tumours were examined transcutaneously by ultrasound every 4 days for 4 weeks. Tissue samples were taken from the treatment sites and histopathologically examined by light or electron microscopy. RESULTS: Three weeks after HIFU treatment, a 100% reduction in tumour volume was observed in all animals in the HIFU group, whereas tumours in the sham-treated and control groups continued to grow. Pathological examination of HIFU-treated tumour tissue samples showed complete coagulation necrosis of the tumour. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that HIFU appears to be an effective therapy for ovarian carcinoma tumours in the athymic nude mouse model. We suggest that it may hold promise for the clinical treatment of late-stage and recurrent ovarian cancer.     

Efficacy of 3-year prophylaxis of coronary heart disease risk factors in an organized population

An organized community numbering 1563 men aged 20 to 59 years engaged in scientific activity were entered into an experimental and prophylactic study. The intervention measures were exercised in a high risk group with dyslipoproteinemia, borderline hypertension and coronary heart disease (CHD), mainly at the expense of alterations in nutrition. The three-year prophylaxis resulted in a 7-percent decrease in blood plasma cholesterol and a 13-percent fall in triglycerides. The prevalence of arterial hypertension declined by 3 and the excess body weight by 3.7 percent, which led to a 33-percent decrease in CHD risk development calculated with the aid of the R. P. Prochorskas risk logistic function. Advantages of the individual strategy of CHD prevention are discussed.     

Age-related dynamics of the prevalence of ischemic heart disease and arterial hypertension and the mean level of basic risk factors in men 20 to 69 related to the nature of their nutrition

Analysis of the data derived in the course of examination of men aged 20 to 69 years demonstrates a distinct rise of the prevalence of CHD and AH with age. The level of the total cholesterol also increases with advancing age, reaching a maximum at 40 to 49 years as does the level of Tg (maximal at 50 to 59 years). The body weight also shows a linear increase. Emphasis should be placed on a high alpha-cholesterol content in persons aged 30 to 39 years. Analysis of the nutrition pattern of the male population aged 20 to 69 years revealed an atherogenic nature of nutrition marked by a high quota of fat, saturated fatty acids, low ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids, and high cholesterol consumption with food. The highest consumption of energy sources and animal products was noted in persons aged 30 to 39 years. The same age demonstrated the lowest consumption of products of vegetable origin. Persons aged 50 to 59 years showed a reduction in consumption of protein of animal origin and essential polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as an increase in consumption of readily available sugars, which may lead to the development of obesity and hypertriglyceridemia and therefore to a higher risk of CHD development.