A prospective analysis of 1400 pulmonary artery catheterizations in patients undergoing cardiac surgery

During 1983 and 1984, 1305 patients underwent 1,400 pulmonary artery (PA) catheterizations. Successful placement was achieved in 1397 (99.6%) of 1,403 attempts. The catheters were inserted via the right internal jugular vein on 1364 occasions. The median duration of monitoring was 28 h with a range from 3 to 220 h. Central venous puncture complications included carotid artery puncture in 67 instances (4.8%) and pneumothorax in one patient. Insertion of the catheters was associated with supraventricular arrhythmias on 11 occasions, ventricular arrhythmias on 930 (66.4%), right bundle branch block on two and a total heart block on one occasion. Eighteen (2.3%) of the 794 cultured catheter tips were positive. An in situ time of more than 72 h was associated with a significantly higher percentage (7.2%) of positive tip cultures compared with an in situ time of less than 72 h (P less than 0.01). Repeated PA catheterization was not associated with significantly more complications than the initial catheterization. The results show that monitoring with a PA catheter in cardiac surgical patients is associated with a low incidence of morbidity.     

Endothelial and smooth muscle properties of coronary and mesenteric resistance arteries in spontaneously hypertensive rats compared to WKY rats

Summary— To investigate if the functional alterations observed in resistance arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were also present at the coronary level, in vitro experiments were performed in mesenteric resistance arteries (MRA) and in right (RIC) and left interventricular coronary (LIC) arteries taken from 15–25-week-old SHR and age-matched Wistar Kyoto rats WKYs. Using a passive extension protocol, internal diameters corresponding to 100 mmHg intraluminal pressure (D₁₀₀) were determined and vessels were set up to a normalized internal diameter (0.9 D₁₀₀). SHR mesenteric resistance arteries had a significantly smaller diameter compared to WKY arteries, whereas both types of SHR coronary arteries had a greater diameter compared to those of WKY rats. In arteries in the absence of contracting agonist, nitro-L-arginine (NOLA, 100 μM) induced a progressive rise in basal tone, which could be reversed by subsequent addition of L-arginine (100 μM) but not D-arginine (100 μM). When expressed as percent of maximal contractions induced by agonists (noradrenaline, NA [10 μM] in MRA; serotonin, 5-HT [10 μM], in RIC and LIC), these contractions were significantly stronger in WKY compared to SHR coronary and mesenteric resistance arteries. In NA-precontracted MRA and 5HT-precontracted coronary arteries in the presence of indomethacin (10 μM), the magnitude of acetylcholine-induced maximal relaxations (expressed as percent of maximal contractions induced by agonists) was greater in WKY compared to SHR arteries. After a 30-min incubation period, NOLA (100 μM) completely inhibited relaxations induced by acetylcholine (0.01–10 μM) in all types of precontracted arteries. Subsequent additions of sodium nitroprusside, (SNP, 10 μM) induced complete relaxations in all preparations. These results show that a basal release of NO or NO-like compound by endothelial cells is present in isolated mesenteric resistance and coronary arteries of WKY rats and SHRs. The contribution of endothelium-derived relaxing factor-nitric oxide (EDRF-NO) to arterial tone was lower in MRA compared to coronary arteries in both strains and in SHR compared to WKY arteries. In the SHR preparations, the impaired relaxation induced by acetylcholine appeared to be due to a functional alteration of the endothelium in the presence of normal reactivity of the smooth muscle cells.     

麦冬类中药组织切片计算机三维重建图鉴

利用计算机技术实现麦冬类中药组织连续切片三维重建与动态显示,为计算机辅助生药学鉴定和教学提供了新的三维图像技术和研究资料。     

Characterization and Development of UCI 107, a Primary Human Ovarian Carcinoma Cell Line

We introduce a new epithelial ovarian carcinoma cell line (UCI 107) from a patient with papillary adenocarcinoma of the ovary who had not been previously treated. The growth characteristics, chemosensitivity, tumorgenicity, cytogenetics, antigen expression, and receptor status were examined. A standardized photometric assay was implemented to determine the response to single drug agents including doxorubicin (ADR), cisplatin (CDDP), and Taxol. Tumorgenicity was determined utilizing female athymic mice implanted either subcutaneously (sc) or intraperitoneally (ip) with 1 × 10⁷ UCI 107 cells. UCI 107 cells grow rapidly in culture with lag phase of approximately 48 hr, population doubling time of 24-36 hr, and saturation density of 4.8 × 10⁵ cells/cm². The 50% inhibitory concentration values for the chemotherapeutic agents were 0.170, 0.029, and 0.330 μM for ADR, Taxol, and CDDP, respectively. Nude mice produced ip tumors within 15 days, resulting in death from carcinomatosis 40-45 days postimplantation. Subcutaneous tumor nodules (100 mm³ were observed in nude mice 12-13 days post-tumor implantation reaching a maximum tumor volume of approximately 10,000 mm³ by Day 30. The cytogenetic composite karyotype is as follows: 46, X, der (X) t (X;7) (p11;q22), inv dup (1) (q12;q32), t (6;6;11;22) (p21.3;q16;q23.3;q13.3), del (13) (q14.1). The cell line expresses progesterone receptor, increased levels of p53 protein, and cytokeratins. It does not appear to express Her-2/neu protein, estrogen receptor, nor the CA 125 tumor marker. In conclusion, UCI 107 displays unique cellular properties which make it an attractive model for the study of ovarian cancer.     

Pulmonary clearance of UICC amosite fibres inhaled by rats during chronic exposure at low concentration.

Clearance of UICC amosite asbestos from the lungs during chronic--that is, repeated--exposure was investigated by using the scanning electron microscope to measure lung burdens from rats which had inhaled amosite asbestos at an approximately constant concentration of 0.1 mg/m3 or, equivalently, 20 fibres/ml for seven hours a day, five days a week for up to 18 months. The lung burdens were compared with previous results for higher exposure concentrations of 1 and 10 mg/m3. Those previous lung burdens had been measured using other analytical methods (infrared spectrophotometry) that were not suitable for the new lower lung burdens. Taken together, these results showed lung burdens rising pro rata with exposure concentration and exposure time. This accumulation of lung burden has been described by a kinetic model that takes account of the sequestration of material at locations in the lung from where it cannot be cleared. Unlike some earlier models in which lung burdens eventually reach a plateau with equilibrium between deposition and clearance during chronic exposure, this sequestration model shows lung burdens continuing to rise with exposure time. The latest results reported here support the application of such a model to lower exposure concentrations closer to those of asbestos in workplaces.     

表小檗碱对α受体的作用

表小檗碱(epiberberine,EB)是从湖北产黄连(Coptis chinensis Franch)中提取的一种生物碱,属苯喹嗪类原小檗碱,对其药理作用的研究资料甚少,未见其对α肾上腺素体作用的报道。资料表明,许多原小檗碱类化合物有α受体阻滞作用,为从该类化合物中选择     

Ueber das Verhalten verschiedener Bacterienarten im Trinkwasser

Ohne Zusammenfassung