Aims: On the Edge is a mental health education programme designed to support early intervention by increasing knowledge and understanding of early psychosis, reducing the stigma associated with mental health issues and improving awareness of avenues of help. The target audience was young people aged 14–22 years in schools and colleges. Methods: An interactive drama programme was developed through collaborative working across psychiatry, applied drama and those with direct experience of psychosis. A national tour engaged 2500 students in 71 performances that took place in 51 schools and colleges. The programme was evaluated against its aims with data collected both during and after the tour. Results: Quantitative and qualitative evaluation found significant gains with respect to all three aims. Thirty‐one schools developed supportive links with local mental health services. Conclusions: This programme shows the value and effectiveness of delivering health education on early psychosis through the medium of applied drama, and offers a model for a programme that can be incorporated into early intervention services. Lessons learned through delivering this programme are a valuable contribution towards future developments of mental health education programmes for schools. 相似文献
Increasing numbers of women are seeking help for drug misuse. In addition to problems associated with drug dependence, there are also problems concerning child care, pregnancy and women's health. In this paper we discuss the management of the pregnant opiate user, effects of opiate use in utero and postpartum and ways in which non-drug services can assist in the early identification and treatment of these women. 相似文献
Background: Anesthetic preconditioning (APC) with sevoflurane reduces myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. The authors tested whether two brief exposures to sevoflurane would lead to a better preconditioning state than would a single longer exposure and whether dual exposure to a lower (L) concentration of sevoflurane would achieve an outcome similar to that associated with a single exposure to a higher (H) concentration.
Methods: Langendorff-prepared guinea pig hearts were exposed to 0.4 mm sevoflurane once for 15 min (H1-15; n = 8) or 0.4 mm (H2-5; n = 8) or 0.2 mm sevoflurane (L2-5; n = 8) twice for 5 min, with a 5-min washout period interspersed. Sevoflurane was then washed out for 20 min before 30 min of global no-flow ischemia and 120 min of reperfusion. Control hearts (n = 8) were not subjected to APC. Left ventricular pressure was measured isovolumetrically. Ventricular infarct size was determined by tetrazolium staining and cumulative planimetry. Values are expressed as mean +/- SD.
Results: The authors found a better functional return and a lesser percentage of infarction on reperfusion in H2-5 (28 +/- 9%) than in H1-15 (36 +/- 8%; P < 0.05), L2-5 (43 +/- 6%; P < 0.05), or control hearts (52 +/- 7%; P < 0.05). 相似文献
The MOG locus, located on chromosomal bands 6p21.3-p22 and mapped about 100 kb telomeric to HLA-F, was isolated from cosmid ICRFcl09A2434 and shown to contain three microsatellites. These CA-repeat polymorphic markers were characterized in a sample of 173 healthy unrelated individuals and 84 DNAs from the HLA Workshop reference panel, by a method combining fluorescence labeling of PCR products and use of an automated DNA sequencer. For the three markers, frequencies of heterozygotes are well predicted from allele frequencies by the Hardy—Weinberg rule, which suggests that problems of allele nonamplification are unlikely. Typing of cell lines homozygous in the HLA region allowed unambiguous definition of 81 HLA-MOG haplotypes and showed that several HLA ancestral haplotypes extended to the MOG region. The high degree of polymorphism (59%, 51%, and 81% at the three loci, respectively, and 87% at the haplotype level) makes these new markers informative for association or linkage studies with diseases such as hemochromatosis or multiple sclerosis, and for studies aimed at precisely delineating the site of crossover in chromosomes in which recombination occurred in the distal part of the HLA class I region. 相似文献
In yeast and animals, Nuclear Division Cycle 80 (NDC80) is an important kinetochore protein that binds to microtubules and
mediates chromosome movement. Its localization pattern is unusual, since it is generally not viewed as either an inner (centromeric
chromatin) or outer (regulatory) component of the kinetochore. Here we report the characterization of NDC80 in a higher plant.
By taking advantage of the large meiotic kinetochores of maize, we were able to show that NDC80 localizes outside of the constitutive
kinetochore protein CENP-C. Further, a detailed analysis of mitosis indicates that NDC80 is stably present on kinetochores
throughout the cell cycle. The quantity of NDC80 positively correlates with measured quantities of DNA and CENP-C, suggesting
that NDC80 rapidly associates with DNA following replication and is stably maintained at centromeres during cell division.
The data suggest that in plants NDC80 is on par with ‘foundation’ kinetochore proteins such as CENH3 and CENP-C. 相似文献
The distribution of a single low dose of [3H]ochratoxin A (OTA) in different tissues of male Wistar rats, after administration by intubation, was investigated after 5 h, 24 h and 48 h. This dose corresponds to concentrations encountered in naturally contaminated feed (4 ppm). The distribution of [3H]-label varied with the time elapsed after administration; at 5 h the highest specific label was found in the stomach contents and in decreasing order in: intestinal contents, lung, liver, kidney, heart, fat, intestine, testes, and the lowest in muscles, spleen and brain. With exception of brain, fat, stomach and lung, all tissues showed maximum levels at 24 h, after which time the label decreased steadily, whereas in fat it increased.After a 12-week feeding experiment, with doses of 288.8 g/kg corresponding to an intake of 4 ppm in feed each 48 h, the DNA in liver and kidneys was investigated for damage. By the alkaline elution method combined with micro-spectrofluorimetric determinations of DNA, evidence for DNA single-strand breaks was obtained. These findings support reports on the carcinogenic action of OTA. 相似文献
The specific uptake of [3H] dopamine (DA) was studied using a crude synaptosomal fraction obtained from rat striatum. In a medium containing a 10 mM NaHC03/NaH2PO4 buffer and no added K+ ions, addition of NaCl elicited an increase in DA uptake for Na+ concentrations from 10 to 60 mM, and then a decrease of uptake for Na+ concentrations up to 130 mM. These data confirm that rather low NaCl concentrations produce a maximal DA uptake. This biphasic curve of uptake resulted from significant changes in the Vmax of the DA uptake. Except for 10 mM Na+, this curve was not significantly modified when 9 mM NaHCO3/NaH2PO4 were replaced by 9 mM NaCl. This result indicates that the Cl– dependence of the DA uptake is mainly secondary to the Na+ dependence. Addition of KCl up to 3 mM did not modify the ascending part of the NaCl-dependent uptake curve. In contrast, the reduction in uptake produced by high Na+ concentrations was prevented in a concentration-dependent manner by KCl; this effect resulted from a decrease in the Km and an increase in the Vmax for the uptake.Measurements of membrane potential, with the help of the fluorescent probe 3,3-diethylthiadicarbocyanine iodide [DiSC2(5)] and purified synaptosomes prepared from rat striatum and cerebral cortex, revealed that addition of 3 mM KCl to a medium containing a high Na+ concentration and no K+ ions produced a marked and stable decrease in the fluorescence level. This decrease which corresponds to an increase in membrane polarization was blocked by 0.1 mM ouabain. These data suggest that low K+ concentrations are likely to prevent the decrease in uptake elicited by high Na+ concentrations by restoration, via a Na+/K+ ATPase-mediated mechanism, of the membrane potential and/or a transmembrane electrochemical Na+ gradient more favourable to DA uptake. 相似文献