降钙素基因相关肽/细胞外调节激酶信号通路对人MG-63细胞增殖的实验研究

目的 研究外源性降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)对人MG-63细胞增殖的影响及其可能涉及的信号通路.方法 采用甲基噻唑基四唑(MTT)法和细胞计数法观察对比不同浓度外源性CGRP及其受体拮抗剂CGRP8-37与细胞外调解激酶(ERK)抑制剂PD98059对体外培养的人MG-63细胞增殖的影响.根据不同分组将体外培养的人MG-63细胞用CGRP、CGRP8-37及PD98059作用24 h后,通过免疫细胞化学方法观察细胞骨保护蛋白(OPG)、护骨素配体(RANKL)、ERK表达强度的变化.结果 不同浓度CGRP均可促进MG-63细胞的增殖,促进作用随浓度增高而增强,CGRP8-37、PD98059可减弱此作用,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).CGRP呈剂量依赖性的上调成骨细胞OPG和ERK的表达,同时下调RANKL的表达,CGRP-37和PD98059可减弱此作用,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 CGRP可通过ERK信号通路改变OPG/RANKL的比值来调控成骨细胞增殖.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the effect of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on proliferation and differentiation of MG-63 cells through extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway in vitro. Methods To study the effects of ERK inhibitor PD98059 and CGRP inhibitor CGRP8-37, 2 groups of MG-63 cells were treated with PD98059 and CGRP8-37 for one hour prior to serum treatment. The other 4 groups were cultured with serum of different doses (high, middle, low and blank). Proliferation and apoptosis of MG-63 cells were observed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method and cell-counting.Expressions of osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaβ ligand (RANKL) and ERK were observed through immunocytochemical and image analysis. Results MTT showed that CGRP promoted proliferation of MG-63 cells and expressions of OPG and ERK but not expression of RANKL The effect was dose-dependent, and significantly inhibited by either CGRP 8-37 or PD98059 (P <0.05) . Conclusion CGRP can stimulate proliferation of MG-63 cells via CGRP receptor and ERK pathway to regulate the ratio of OPG/RANKL.     

改良Galveston技术与拉力螺钉固定单侧骶髂关节脱位的有限元分析

Objective To explore biomechanical properties of modified Galveston technique and lag screw fixation for dislocation of the unilateral sacroiliac ioint through finite element analysis. Methods Soft-ware Mimics 10.0l and Geomagic 10.0 was used to develop a geometric reconstruction of the pelvis based on the CT scan data.Geometric reconstructions of different internal fixations were also developed using software Solidworks 2007.The models were meshed,assembled and given the material properties through software Hypermesh 10.0.Five models of three-dimensional finite element(3D FE)were established for dislocation of the sacroiliac ioint:double L4-ilium Galveston fixation,double L5-ilium Galveston fixation,single L4-ilium Galveston fixation.single L5-ilium Galveston fixation,and lag screw fixation,Finally the models were imported to software Ansys 10.0.An axial load of 500 N was compressed above the L4 vertebral body.Stress-strain nephograms for the 5 different fixations were compared.and biomechanical stabilities of different internal fixations were analyzed. Results The stress-strain nephograms showed the maximum pelvic stresses in the 5 fixations were respectively 1.690×109Pa(double L4-1 Galveston),1.130×109Pa(double 1.584×109Pa(1ag screw fixation).Displacements of the sacrum were downward,forward,and rightward.The total displacements were respectively 1.589×10-3m,1.871×10-3m,2.404×10～m,2.468×10-3m and 0.308 ×103 m. Conclusions The maximum displacement in bilateral fixation is smaller than that in unilateral fixation with modified Galveston technique.In both bilateral and unilateral Galveston fixations for L4and L5,the maximum displacements are not significantly different,but they are larger than that in lag screw fixation.     

小儿咳喘平合剂质量标准的研究

目的　为小儿咳喘平合剂提供质量控制的方法。方法　采用 TL C法对麻黄、紫菀、化橘红、白前分别进行了色谱鉴别。采用 HPL C法测定了合剂中盐酸麻黄碱的含量。结果　 TL C鉴别方法专属性强 ,含量测定盐酸麻黄碱在 0 .138～ 0 .82 8μg之间有良好线性关系 ,平均回收率为 97.4 9% ,RSD为 1.6 4 %。结论　本质量标准可有效地控制小儿咳喘平合剂的质量。     

新型多孔可吸收骨替代材料修复兔股骨缺损的实验研究

目的 探讨新型多孔块状可吸收生物活性玻璃骨替代材料的骨缺损修复能力和生物相容性.方法选取30只健康成年新西兰大白兔,建立舣侧股骨髁直径为6 mm、深10～12 mm的骨缺损模型,根据骨缺损中植入的材料不同随机分为3组,每组10只20侧:实验组(A组)植人多孔块状可吸收生物活性玻璃骨替代材料,材料对照组(B组)植入常用非多孔生物活性玻璃骨替代材料,空白对照组(C组)不植入任何材料.术后6、12周取材,通过大体观察、X线片、显微CT和病理组织切片检测评价新型多孔块状可吸收生物活性玻璃骨替代材料的成骨能力和生物降解性能.结果植入后6周A、B组可见新生骨逐渐向材料内部生长,A组新生骨的数量明显多于B组.12周时A组植入材料几乎完全降解,骨缺损完全修复,成熟的骨小梁塑形改造;B组植骨中心区仍有较多材料尚未完全降解;C组骨缺损末愈合.组织切片定量分析显示:6周时A、B、C组新生骨占骨缺损的面积比平均分别为0.30±0.02、0.17±0.03、0.06±0.01,差异有统计学意义(F=374.202,P<0.001),组问两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);12周时A、B、C组新生骨占骨缺损的面积比平均分别为0.53 ±0.05、0.39±0.05、0.07±0.01,差异有统计学意义(F=317.243,P<0.001),组间两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).A组与B组6、12周时残留材料占骨缺损面积比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论新型多孔块状可吸收生物活性玻璃骨替代材料因具有良好的三维结构而表现出更好的成骨能力和生物降解性能.

Abstract：

Objective To test the osteogenetic ability and biocompatibility of a new type of porous morsel blocks of resorbable bioglass bone graft substitute. Methods Thirty healthy New Zealand adult white rabbits were selected to establish bone defect models and randomly assigned into 3 even groups(with 20hind legs in each group)for 3 methods of repairing the defects.The 6 mm×10 to 12 mm defeets were made at the bilateral fenloral condyles of each rabbit.In group A,a porous morsel block of resorbable bioactive glass bone substitute was implanted;in group B,commonly used bioactive glass was implanted;in group C,nothing was implanted.Specimens were collected at 6 and 12 weeks after operation to evaluate the biodegradation and osteogenic properties by gross observation, radiography, Micro-CT and histopathological examinations.ResulIs No local adverse reaction was observed in each group.At 6 weeks.gradual growth of the new bone was observed inside the implants in groups A and B.The amount of new bone in group A was significantly higher than in group B.In group A,the porous morsel material was almost completely degraded,bone defects were completely repaired,and bone trabecula moulding reconstruction was completed.In group B,a great amount of material was not completely degraded in the central area of the graft,while bone defects were not healed in the group C.The percentages of new bone area were 0.30±0.02 in group A,0.17±0.03 in group B and 0.06±0.01 in group C,with significant differences(F=374.202,P<0.001).At 12weeks.the percentages of new bone area were 0.53 ±0.05 in group A,0.39±0.05 in group B and 0.07±0.01 in group C,with significant differences(F=317.243,P<0.001). Conclusion New porous morsel blocks of resorbable bioglass bone graft substitute show superior osteogenetic properties and biodegradability because of their good three dimensional structure.     

骨盆髋臼骨折微创手术导航数字化研究的总结

过去50年里,骨盆髋臼骨折治疗方法的研究发展迅猛[1],切开复位内固定一直是髋臼骨折治疗的标准方法[2].近20年来,许多学者提出经皮拉力螺钉固定无移位或轻度移位髋臼前后柱骨折,但是由于解剖学形态复杂、周围血管神经丰富,该技术的应用受到许多技术性难题的限制.     

对抑郁症患者违法行为责任能力的评定

对精神疾病患者违法行为责任能力的评定,目前在国内与国外都有日益严格化的趋势。例如我国过去受到前苏联司法精神病学模式的影响,认为被鉴定人一旦确诊患精神分裂症或其它重性精神病之后,就被视为“一律无责任能力”了。但自1980年我国正式颁布《刑法》     

椎弓根钉━髂骨钉系统内固定治疗骶髋关节脱位的CT影像解剖学研究

目的 探讨基于CT数据建立腰-骶-髂复合体的数字模型,应用数字骨科技术为临床上采用联合椎弓根钉-髂骨钉系统内固定治疗骶髂关节骨折脱位提供理论依据。 方法 采用40例正常骨盆CT平扫数据,用mimics10.0软件进行三维图像重建,并在虚拟的髂骨上模拟髂骨钉的置入,测量不同进钉方向时进钉角度及髂骨钉的解剖参数。 结果 进钉方向Ⅰ：髂骨内外板之间的距离（即容纳髂骨螺钉的最大直径）（6.00±0.84）mm,能置入螺钉的长度（59.97±7.99）mm,TSA（12.48±7.16）°,CSA（56.41±　6.47）°,SSA（29.91±5.55）°。进钉方向Ⅱ：髂骨内外板之间的距离（即容纳髂骨螺钉的最大直径）（6.95±　0.50）mm,能置入螺钉的长度（106.69±8.74）mm,TSA（43.93±6.09）°,CSA（39.25±6.11）°,SSA（19.24±　3.78）°。 结论　数字骨科模型能更好的指导临床上采用椎弓根钉系统治疗骶髋关节脱位。     

改良Galveston技术与拉力螺钉固定单侧骶髂关节脱位的有限元分析

目的 通过对改良Galveston技术与拉力螺钉同定单侧骶髂关节脱位的三维有限元模型进行分析,比较其生物力学稳定性.方法基于CT扫描数据,利用Mimics10.01软件和Geomagic10.0软件埘骨盆模型进行几何重建;利用Solidworks2007软件对内固定器械进行几何重建.导人Hypermesh 10.0软件中进行刚格划分和装配,赋予材料属性.建立右侧骶髂关节脱位双侧L4-髂骨Galveston固定、双侧L5-髂骨Galveston固定、单侧L4-髂骨Galveston同定、单侧L5-髂骨Galveston固定和拉力螺钉固定5种有限元模型.最后导入Ansys10.0软件中,在L4椎体上方模拟施加500 N轴向压缩载荷,分析不同内固定方式的von Mises应力分布和应变分布.结果从应力和应变云图可知,双侧L4-髂骨Galveston固定、舣侧L5-髂骨Galveston固定、单侧L4-髂骨Galveston固定、单侧L5-髂骨Galveston固定及拉力螺钉固定后骨盆的最大应力值分别为1.690×109 Pa、1.310×109 Pa、0.834×109 Pa、0.836×109 Pa、1.584×109 Pa;骶骨相对于左侧髋骨的移位方向为向下、向前和向右,总位移依次为1.589×10-3m、1.871×10～m、2.404×10-3 m、2.468×10-3m、0.308×10-3m.结论各种内固定下 Von Mises应力集中分布于腰髂螺钉与骨质的结合部位.改良Galveston技术双侧固定较单侧固定应变小,无论是双侧固定还是单侧固定,固定于L4和L5的应变无明显差异,但均明显大于拉力螺钉吲定.

Abstract：

Objective To explore biomechanical properties of modified Galveston technique and lag screw fixation for dislocation of the unilateral sacroiliac ioint through finite element analysis. Methods Soft-ware Mimics 10.0l and Geomagic 10.0 was used to develop a geometric reconstruction of the pelvis based on the CT scan data.Geometric reconstructions of different internal fixations were also developed using software Solidworks 2007.The models were meshed,assembled and given the material properties through software Hypermesh 10.0.Five models of three-dimensional finite element(3D FE)were established for dislocation of the sacroiliac ioint:double L4-ilium Galveston fixation,double L5-ilium Galveston fixation,single L4-ilium Galveston fixation.single L5-ilium Galveston fixation,and lag screw fixation,Finally the models were imported to software Ansys 10.0.An axial load of 500 N was compressed above the L4 vertebral body.Stress-strain nephograms for the 5 different fixations were compared.and biomechanical stabilities of different internal fixations were analyzed. Results The stress-strain nephograms showed the maximum pelvic stresses in the 5 fixations were respectively 1.690×109Pa(double L4-1 Galveston),1.130×109Pa(double 1.584×109Pa(1ag screw fixation).Displacements of the sacrum were downward,forward,and rightward.The total displacements were respectively 1.589×10-3m,1.871×10-3m,2.404×10～m,2.468×10-3m and 0.308 ×103 m. Conclusions The maximum displacement in bilateral fixation is smaller than that in unilateral fixation with modified Galveston technique.In both bilateral and unilateral Galveston fixations for L4and L5,the maximum displacements are not significantly different,but they are larger than that in lag screw fixation.     

新型多孔可吸收骨替代材料修复兔股骨缺损的实验研究

Objective To test the osteogenetic ability and biocompatibility of a new type of porous morsel blocks of resorbable bioglass bone graft substitute. Methods Thirty healthy New Zealand adult white rabbits were selected to establish bone defect models and randomly assigned into 3 even groups(with 20hind legs in each group)for 3 methods of repairing the defects.The 6 mm×10 to 12 mm defeets were made at the bilateral fenloral condyles of each rabbit.In group A,a porous morsel block of resorbable bioactive glass bone substitute was implanted;in group B,commonly used bioactive glass was implanted;in group C,nothing was implanted.Specimens were collected at 6 and 12 weeks after operation to evaluate the biodegradation and osteogenic properties by gross observation, radiography, Micro-CT and histopathological examinations.ResulIs No local adverse reaction was observed in each group.At 6 weeks.gradual growth of the new bone was observed inside the implants in groups A and B.The amount of new bone in group A was significantly higher than in group B.In group A,the porous morsel material was almost completely degraded,bone defects were completely repaired,and bone trabecula moulding reconstruction was completed.In group B,a great amount of material was not completely degraded in the central area of the graft,while bone defects were not healed in the group C.The percentages of new bone area were 0.30±0.02 in group A,0.17±0.03 in group B and 0.06±0.01 in group C,with significant differences(F=374.202,P<0.001).At 12weeks.the percentages of new bone area were 0.53 ±0.05 in group A,0.39±0.05 in group B and 0.07±0.01 in group C,with significant differences(F=317.243,P<0.001). Conclusion New porous morsel blocks of resorbable bioglass bone graft substitute show superior osteogenetic properties and biodegradability because of their good three dimensional structure.