基于德尔菲法对苗医内治法之败毒法适宜疾病及辨证要点的调查研究

目的:初步制定苗医败毒法治疗临床适宜疾病的指标体系。方法:运用德尔菲法,在文献及书籍研究基础上编制问卷对贵州省20位专家分别进行2轮问卷调查,并对调查结果进行统计分析。结果:两轮专家调查问卷回收有效问卷均为20份,专家积极系数均为100%。有90%以上的专家认为败毒法适宜疾病包括仿(癀)类疾病、榜(花)类疾病、公(疔)类疾病、泼(疮)类疾病、丹类疾病五大类,且各疾病辨证要点的肯德尔和谐系数(Kendall's coefficient of concordance, W)及克郎巴赫系数(Cronbaeh's α)均较高,说明专家对败毒法适宜疾病的意见系统性较一致。结论:专家的积极性高,协调程度好,应用德尔菲法进行的条目优化筛选结果可取。初步建立了败毒法适宜疾病条目,对制定败毒法的应用规范具有积极意义。     

溃疡性结肠炎外科治疗指南

本指南以 2004年 9月通过收集 Medline、 PubMed、 Cochrane数据库的综述和相关文献进行的联合研究为基础修订.其证据级别和推荐等级如下:     

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

血液透析内瘘的简便术式-动静脉套接法

血液透析是慢性肾功能衰竭患者重要的替代治疗手段之一.目前临床用动静脉端端、端侧吻合的方法建立动静脉内瘘.本组报告一种简单安全、并发症少的动静脉套接内瘘术方法,现报道如下.……     

米索前列醇应用于宫腔镜术前准备的效果评价

探讨米索前列醇应用于妇科宫腔镜术前准备的效果评价.米索前列醇组在手术前宫颈内口宽度、需进一步扩张宫颈患者数量等指标与对照组相比均无显著性差异,而患者痛苦显著减轻,对睡眠影响轻微.     

完全性胸腹腔内脏反位合并十二指肠壶腹周围癌一例报告与文献复习

目的总结完全性胸腹腔内脏反位合并十二指肠壶腹周围癌的临床诊治方法。方法报道2006年3月收治的1例极为罕见的完全性胸腹腔内脏反位合并十二指肠壶腹周围癌行胰十二指肠切除术的病例,并复习国内外相关文献。结果本例患者病理诊断为十二指肠乳头及壶腹部腺癌Ⅰ-Ⅱ级。术后1周胆红素降至正常;但2周后出现胃-空肠吻合输出袢粘连性不完全性梗阻,经内镜下置管、鼻饲、营养支持、针灸等处理,40d后痊愈出院。经检索,全球自1936-2006年间报道的全胸腹腔内脏反位合并恶性肿瘤的患者仅15例;其中只有5例全胸腹腔内脏反位合并胰头与壶腹周围癌的报道。结论完全性胸腹腔内脏反位合并肿瘤时,若无明显禁忌证,应同样予以积极的外科治疗,术中操作应注意完全相反的解剖学结构。     

腹腔镜诊治外科急腹症的体会（附14例报业）

目的探讨腹腔镜在外科急腹症中的应用。方法回顾性分析本院收治的14例外科急腹症的临床资料。结果12例术中明确诊断，1例经细菌培养后确诊，1冽探查阴性；6例腹腔镜手术成功，5例中转开腹完成手术，1例延长戳孔完成手术，1例内科治疗，均痊愈。结论腹腔镜诊治急腹症具有创伤小、视野清晰、恢复快的优点。     

应用抗菌药物防治外科感染的指导意见（草案）Ⅻ——胰肾联合移植术后感染的防治

胰肾联合移植手术(SPK)是治疗糖尿病合并终末期肾病的最有效手段之一。同所有器官移植术后患者相似，SPK术后患者面临两大问题：一是随时可能出现的移植物排斥反应，二是感染。由于SPK患者术前已经罹患糖尿病，术后又接受免疫抑制治疗，因而感染在目前仍是造成移植物丧失功能甚至危及患者生命的主要原因之一。     

胃冠状静脉栓塞术治疗门脉高压症

我院自1985年12月至1986年10月应用脾切除加胃冠状静脉栓塞木治疗肝硬化、门脉高压症8例。现将初步体会报告如下: 临床资料本组8例均为男性,年龄17—52岁,肝脏活检均诊断为慢性结节性肝硬化。6例病因系乙型肝炎。全部并发脾功能亢进,7例血小板减少,最少为5.7万/mm~3,5例白细胞下降,最低为2300/mm~3,同时红细胞均低于正常值。有上消化道出血史者5例,其中3例术前有大量出血。肝功能分级(中华医学会武汉会议肝功能分级试行标准)Ⅰ级3例,Ⅱ级2例,Ⅲ级3例。择期手术5例,急诊手术3例。6例术前做了食管钡餐造影或胃镜检