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Objective To investigate the role of opioid receptors in the protective effects of isoflurane-induced delayed preconditioning against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rabbits. Methods Forty male New Zealand white rabbits weighing 2.0-2.5 kg were randomly assigned into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (S); group II I/R; group Ⅲ isoflurane + I/R (Iso) and group IV Iso + naloxone + I/R (Nal). Myocardial I/R was induced by 40 min occlusion of left anterior descending branch (LAD) of coronary artery followed by 120 min reperfusion. In group Ⅲ (Iso) 2% isoflurane in 100% O2 was inhaled for 2 h and I/R was produced 24 h later. In group IV (Nal) naloxone 6 mg/kg was given iv 10 min before 2 h of 2% isoflurane inhalation and I/R was produced 24 h later. At the end of 120 min reperfusion, infarct size (IS) and area at risk (AAR) were determined by Evan's blue and TTC staining. Myocardial ultrastructure was examined by electron microscopy. The phosphorylated p38MAPK protein expression in myocardium was determined by Western blot. Results The IS was significantly smaller in group Iso ( Ⅲ ) ( 19.7% ± 2.8%) than in I/R group ( II ) (37.8% ±1.7%) (P<0.05). The phosphorylated p38MAPK protein expression in myocardium was significantly lower in group Iso than in group I/R. Microscopic examination showed less myocardial damage in Iso group than in group I/R. The protective effects of delayed preconditioning by isoflurane was prevented by naloxone pretreatment. ConclusionOpioid receptors may be involved in the protective effects of delayed preconditioning by isoflurane against myocardial I/R injury. 相似文献
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目的比较静脉全麻复合单次骶管阻滞麻醉与单纯静脉全麻用于婴幼儿先天性心脏病介入封堵治疗的效果。方法616例婴幼儿先天性心脏病介入封堵治疗患者随机分成两组:骶管阻滞加静脉全麻(I组);另一组用全凭静脉麻醉(II组)。结果全麻药的用量,II组比I组明显增多(P<0.05);I组苏醒时间短,分泌物少,手术后呕吐发生率少(P<0.05)。结论静脉全麻复合小儿单次骶管阻滞麻醉比全凭静脉麻醉用于婴幼儿先天性心脏病介入封堵治疗麻醉费用少,生命体征平稳,麻醉并发症少,值得推广。 相似文献
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目的研究吗啡预处理对心肌的保护作用以及格列苯脲对其的影响。方法采用新生大鼠的原代心肌培养细胞作为研究对象,将培养心肌细胞随机分配到4组:Ⅰ组,空白对照组,共有10瓶细胞,该组细胞没有进行缺氧再复氧;Ⅱ组,缺氧再复氧组,共有10瓶细胞,该组细胞进行缺氧条件下培养6h再有氧条件下培养18h;Ⅲ组,吗啡预处理组,与Ⅱ组细胞基本相同,唯一区别是在缺氧再复氧之前,向细胞培养瓶内加入吗啡,使细胞培养瓶内培养基中含有1μmol/L浓度的吗啡,15min后,再进行缺氧再复氧。Ⅳ组,格列苯脲组,首先在缺氧再复氧之前,向细胞培养瓶内加入格列苯脲,使细胞培养瓶内培养基中含有100μmol/L浓度的格列苯脲,15min后,再向细胞培养瓶内加入吗啡,使细胞培养瓶内培养基中含有1μmol/L浓度的吗啡,15min后,再进行缺氧再复氧。最后所有细胞进行电镜检查,并且通过PI染色的流式细胞术来检测细胞凋亡情况。结果缺氧再复氧组细胞在经历6h的缺氧培养,再18h的有氧培养后,细胞大部分出现凋亡,与空白对照组细胞相比,有明显的升高(P〈0.05),而吗啡预处理组细胞凋亡指数与缺氧再复氧组相比有明显的降低(P〈0.05)。但是格列苯脲组细胞的凋亡指数与吗啡组相比有明显升高(P〈0.05),与缺氧再复氧组相比没有明显差别。根据电镜结果,格列苯脲组细胞与缺氧再复氧组细胞线粒体和内质网有明显的空泡变性,细胞核浓缩,而吗啡预处理组细胞形态基本正常。结论吗啡预处理可以明显抑制缺氧再复氧损伤所引起的细胞凋亡,格列苯脲可以拮抗吗啡的心肌保护作用。 相似文献
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目的探讨利多卡因预处理对肝细胞缺氧/复氧后Bcl-2、Caspase-3蛋白表达及细胞凋亡的影响。方法将体外培养的肝细胞分为三组:缺氧/复氧组(Ⅰ组)、利多卡因预处理组(Ⅱ组)和正常对照组(Ⅲ组),每组10份。检测肝细胞缺氧/复氧培养后细胞培养液中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)浓度,肝细胞Bcl-2、Caspase-3蛋白表达、肝细胞凋亡率及超微结构变化。结果Ⅰ、Ⅱ组细胞培养液中ALT、AST浓度、肝细胞Caspase-3蛋白表达和肝细胞凋亡率较Ⅲ组均升高(P<0.05),透射电镜示肝细胞损伤,可见凋亡细胞;Ⅱ组细胞复氧后培养液中ALT、AST浓度、肝细胞Caspase-3蛋白表达和细胞凋亡率均低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),而肝细胞Bcl-2蛋白表达较Ⅰ组升高(P<0.05),透射电镜观察也显示Ⅱ组肝细胞比Ⅰ组损伤轻微。结论利多卡因预处理可以在一定程度上减轻缺氧/复氧后肝细胞损伤,降低细胞凋亡率,保护机制可能与Bcl-2、Caspase-3蛋白表达有关。 相似文献
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目的 探讨异氟醚预处理延迟相对缺血再灌注心肌的保护作用及其机制.方法 30只健康新西兰雄性大白兔随机分成3组:假手术组(C组)、缺血再灌注组(I/R组)、2.0%异氟醚预处理组(S组),每组10只.C组仅开胸160 min,I/R组行左冠脉阻断40 min,再灌注120 min,S组吸入2.0%异氟醚2 h,24 h后处理同I/R组.各组分别于左冠脉阻断前20 min(T1)、左冠脉阻断20 min(T2)、左冠脉阻断40 min(T3)、再灌注1 h(T4)、再灌注2 h(T5)五个时点抽取血测血清TNF-α水平.再灌注结束后免疫印记法测心肌Caspase-3蛋白表达水平,用伊文思蓝和TTC染色测心肌梗死面积.结果 与I/R组比,S组TNF-α水平降低(P<0.05),Caspase-3表达降低(P<0.05),心肌梗死面积减少(P<0.05).结论 异氟醚预处理延迟相通过下调心肌Caspase-3表达和TNF-α生成来减轻缺血再灌注损伤发挥保护作用. 相似文献
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Objective To investigate the role of opioid receptors in the protective effects of isoflurane-induced delayed preconditioning against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rabbits. Methods Forty male New Zealand white rabbits weighing 2.0-2.5 kg were randomly assigned into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (S); group II I/R; group Ⅲ isoflurane + I/R (Iso) and group IV Iso + naloxone + I/R (Nal). Myocardial I/R was induced by 40 min occlusion of left anterior descending branch (LAD) of coronary artery followed by 120 min reperfusion. In group Ⅲ (Iso) 2% isoflurane in 100% O2 was inhaled for 2 h and I/R was produced 24 h later. In group IV (Nal) naloxone 6 mg/kg was given iv 10 min before 2 h of 2% isoflurane inhalation and I/R was produced 24 h later. At the end of 120 min reperfusion, infarct size (IS) and area at risk (AAR) were determined by Evan's blue and TTC staining. Myocardial ultrastructure was examined by electron microscopy. The phosphorylated p38MAPK protein expression in myocardium was determined by Western blot. Results The IS was significantly smaller in group Iso ( Ⅲ ) ( 19.7% ± 2.8%) than in I/R group ( II ) (37.8% ±1.7%) (P<0.05). The phosphorylated p38MAPK protein expression in myocardium was significantly lower in group Iso than in group I/R. Microscopic examination showed less myocardial damage in Iso group than in group I/R. The protective effects of delayed preconditioning by isoflurane was prevented by naloxone pretreatment. ConclusionOpioid receptors may be involved in the protective effects of delayed preconditioning by isoflurane against myocardial I/R injury. 相似文献
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目的 探讨术后谵妄老年病人脑葡萄糖代谢的变化及右美托咪定对其影响.方法 择期全麻下行腹部手术的老年病人,性别不限,BMI 19~ 25 kg/m2,年龄65~ 85岁,ASA分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级.术后2d内评价谵妄的发生情况,将术后谵妄病人采用随机数字表法,随机分为谵妄组(D组,n=13)和右美托咪定组(Dex组,n=16).另选术后没有发生谵妄的病人13例作为对照组(C组).Dex组在谵妄发生后经10 min静脉输注右美托咪定负荷量1μg/kg,随后以0.2~ 0.7 μg·kg-·h-1速率输注.谵妄发生期间采用18氟-脱氧葡萄糖行正电子发射断层显像,分析双侧顶叶、颞叶和额叶葡萄糖标准摄取值,以反映葡萄糖代谢率.结果 Dex组所有病人于给予右美托咪定后30 min内控制了谵妄.术后谵妄病人脑葡萄糖代谢降低的脑区主要集中在顶叶、颞叶和额叶.D组和Dex组双侧顶叶、颞叶和额叶葡萄糖代谢率低于C组(P< 0.05);Dex组双侧顶叶、颞叶、额叶葡萄糖代谢率高于D组(P<0.05).结论 术后谵妄老年病人脑葡萄糖代谢率明显降低,右美托咪定可控制老年病人术后谵妄发生. 相似文献
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目的研究乌司他丁对家兔油酸型急性肺损伤(ALI)后血管外肺水肿和肺换气功能的影响。方法随机将20只大白兔分为两组,建立油酸型急性肺损伤模型,Ⅰ组于ALI前10min静脉滴注生理盐水5ml,Ⅱ组于ALI前10min静脉滴注乌司他丁1万u/kg。分别于ALI前后测定兔气道压(Paw)、氧合指数(OI)和呼吸指数(RI);于ALI后2h取肺组织测定总肺水量(TLw)和肺血管外肺水量(EVLW)。结果ALI前两组Paw、OI和R1比较,差异无显著性(P〉0.05);ALI后Ⅱ组Paw、0I和RI优于Ⅰ组(P〈0.05);ALI后Ⅱ组TLW和EVLW低于Ⅰ组(P〈0.05)。结论预防性使用乌司他丁可以减轻兔油酸型急性肺损伤肺水肿,改善肺换气功能。 相似文献
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术前肌注咪唑安定对听觉诱发电位指数和血浆内皮素的影响 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:12
目的 比较和评价麻醉手术前使用咪唑安定或苯巴比妥钠对患者焦虑、顺行性遗忘、听觉诱发电位指数和血浆内皮素的影响。方法 4 0例年龄 2 0~ 6 0岁、ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级的择期手术患者 ,随机分为两组。Ⅰ组麻醉前 30min肌肉注射苯巴比妥钠 0 1g +阿托品 0 5mg(n =2 0 ) ;Ⅱ组于麻醉前 30min肌肉注射咪唑安定 0 0 6mg/kg(41~ 6 0岁 )和 0 0 8mg/kg(2 0~ 4 0岁 ) +阿托品 0 5mg(n=2 0 )。分别于用药前后测定患者收缩压 (SBP)、舒张压 (DBP)、心率 (HR)、指脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2 )、呼吸频率 (RR)、焦虑视觉模拟评分 (AVAT)、听觉诱发电位指数 (AEPI)、顺行性遗忘程度和血浆内皮素 (ET 1)浓度变化。结果 两组患者在用药前后SBP、DBP、HR、SpO2 和RR无明显变化(P >0 0 5 ) ;Ⅰ组在用药前后AVAT、AEPI和ET 1浓度变化无差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ,顺行性遗忘率 2 0 % ;Ⅱ组用药后 30minAVAT、AEPI和ET 1浓度均低于用药前 (P <0 0 5 ) ,顺行性遗忘率为 75 %显著高于Ⅰ组 (P <0 0 1)。结论 与苯巴比妥钠相比 ,咪唑安定可有效减轻患者麻醉手术前焦虑情绪 ,获得更好的顺行性遗忘和镇静效果 ,且能减轻麻醉手术前应激反应 相似文献