肺鳞癌治疗新靶点FGFR的研究进展

肺癌是目前全球发病率和死亡率均居前列的恶性肿瘤，其中肺鳞癌经手术、放化疗等综合治疗后，其疗效仍不满意。随着分子靶向治疗在肺腺癌中取得了令人瞩目的成果，而肺鳞癌患者中EGFR基因突变及ALK融合基因少见，急需探索新的靶点指导肺鳞癌患者的临床治疗。研究表明，FGFR家族（FGFR1-4）是肺鳞癌中突变频率较高的基因，FGFR基因的激活突变和扩增与肺鳞癌的发生和发展密切相关，同时许多小分子 FGFR 抑制剂在临床应用中已经取得较好的治疗效果。目前，许多FGFR抑制剂治疗肺鳞癌的临床试验也正在进行研究，针对FGFR靶点的基因治疗可为肺鳞癌的治疗提供一种新的策略。本文就FGFR在肺鳞癌的靶向治疗中的最新研究进展进行综述。     

恩他卡朋片联合左旋多巴片治疗帕金森病的临床效果

目的探讨恩他卡朋片联合左旋多巴片治疗帕金森病的临床效果。方法选取帕金森病患者100例,按随机数字表法分为2组:对照组50例,予以左旋多巴片治疗;观察组50例,予以左旋多巴片联合恩他卡朋片治疗。比较2组疗效、治疗前后生活能力(ADL)评分及运动功能(UPSRS)评分、治疗后不良反应发生率。结果与对照组比较,观察组治疗总有效率明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗前,2组间ADL评分及UPSRS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);与对照组比较,观察组治疗后ADL评分明显升高,UPSRS评分明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);与对照组比较,观察组不良反应发生率明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论恩他卡朋片联合左旋多巴片治疗帕金森病疗效显著,患者生活能力及运动功能明显改善,且不良反应率低,安全性高。     

幽门螺杆菌感染与胃十二指肠溃疡、胃癌的相关性

胃十二指肠溃疡经用H2受体拮抗剂和质子泵抑制剂等强效抑酸药物治疗，8周之内可有90％以上的溃疡获得治愈。但在此后不作维持治疗的情况下，于1年之后会有60％-90％出现复发，因而目前普遍推行长期的抗溃疡治疗。现知，幽门螺杆菌（Helicobacter pylori，Hp）除菌治疗可解决这一问题。日本一组经双盲多中心协作研究（497例）的除菌治疗成功后1年的胃和十二指肠溃疡复发率分别为11．4％和6．8％。Miwa（2004）最近报告一组4940例大规模回顾性研究的复发率更低，胃溃疡为2．3％／年，十二指肠溃疡为1．6％／年，并指出胃溃疡复发例中以非甾体抗炎药（NSAID）服用者、吸烟者和饮酒者为多，提示较之十二指肠溃疡其受环境因子的影响较大。还有报道称对活动期（开放性）溃疡的治疗，采取联用Hp除菌的治疗方案可以提升溃疡治愈率，更有称单纯除菌治疗的胃溃疡治愈率与已往的抑酸药治疗效果无异，可见Hp除菌治疗的实用价值之大。     

产后产妇300例心理状态调查及应对措施

根据现代医学模式，健康的标准是躯体健康，心理健康和社会适应良好。妇女在妊娠期、分娩期和产褥期承受着躯体和精神上的巨大压力；产后由于身体的变化、社会角色的改变，对产妇的认知、情感、行为具有明显影响。焦虑是人们对环境中一些即将面临的，可能会造成危险和威胁的重大事件，或者要做出重大努力的情况中进行适应时，心理上出现紧张和一种不愉快的期待。探讨产后产妇的心理状态变化及其原因，采取有效的应对措施，以保证产妇的健康及至婴幼儿的健康成长。     

肚脐入口，你所不知道的隆胸新方式

凡是关于曲线的争论，最终总会让非S女生为之气结。不过，现在整形医生为我们找到了一个通向S身形的新入口。[编者按]     

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

诺和锐胰岛素治疗儿童1型糖尿病的临床观察

目的:观察诺和锐胰岛素治疗儿童1型糖尿病的疗效。方法:对10例应用诺和灵短效胰岛素联合诺和灵中效胰岛素治疗的1型糖尿病患儿以超短效胰岛素诺和锐等量替代短效胰岛素联合诺和灵中效胰岛素治疗1个月,观察HbA1c等代谢指标变化。结果:用诺和锐治疗后患儿餐后2 h血糖、HbA1c显著下降,P<0．01,平均下降值分别为3．51±1．10 mmol／L与0．64％±0．19％。胰岛素用量与血脂无明显变化,P>0．05。治疗期间未发现明显低血糖。结论:超短效胰岛素诺和锐替代短效胰岛素可进一步控制餐后血糖．并显著降低HbA1c,有利于血糖控制。