成人腰椎峡部裂型滑脱症的微创治疗

Objective To investigate the clinical experiences and technical skills of adult isthmic spondylolisthesis. Methods Twenty-one patients with adult isthmic spondylolisthesis underwent minimally invasive surgery. There were 12 men and 9 women, with the mean age of 51.7 years. Isthmic spondylolisthe-sis occurred at the L4.5 in 7 patients, and at the L5S1 in 14 patients. According to Meyerding classification, 13 cases were of Grade Ⅰ, 7 of Grade Ⅱ, 1 of Grade Ⅲ. Under general anesthesia, guiding by fluoroscopy, the surgeries performed minimally invasive microendoscopic(METRx) techniques for posterior decompression, interbody cage fusion and novel Sextant-R percutaneous pedicle screw techniques for deformity reduction and fixation. Results Seventeen cases were followed up 1 year postoperatively. The average low back pain VAS reduced from preoperative 6.0±2.6 to postoperative 2.9±2.5. The average leg pain VAS decreased from preoperative 6.7±3.3 to postoperative 2.8±1.6. The average ODI decreased from preoperative 44.3% to post-operative 27.1%. The Nakai good and excellent rate was 90%. The mean operative time 170 min, blood loss 160 ml, and postoperative stay in bed 7.5 d. The sagittal spondylolisthesis rate significantly decreased from preoperative 35.5%±2.5% to postoperative 8.3%±7.5%. The lordotic angle from preoperative 11.5°±1.7° in-creased to postoperative 16.8°±9.5°; the intervertebral disc height from preoperative (5.4±2.5) mm increased to postoperative (9.1±3.0) mm. According to Lenke judgement for fusion, complete fusion rate was 76%, in-complete fusion rate was 12%, nonfusion rate was 12%. Conclusion The minimally invasive microendo-scopic (METRx) assisted with a novel Sextant-R percutaneous pedicle screw systems for deformity reduction and fixation to treat adult isthmic spondylolisthesis, is not only a minimally invasive and safe surgical tech-nique, also an effective treatment for deformity reduction and fixation.     

5例胸腰段脊柱前路手术并发症分析

目的：分析胸腰段脊柱前路手术入路并发症，以提高胸腰段脊柱前路手术的水平，方法：对近4年来我科53例胸腰段脊柱前路手术出现的5例并发症进行回顾性分析，探讨并发症发生的原因。结果；本组病例1例发生腹膜后乳糜液漏，1例切口疝，1例气胸，2例深静脉血栓栓塞，经过积极治疗，全部治愈。结论：胸腰段脊柱前路手术并发症的发生大多数和术者对该段解剖知识，手术操作，认识程度和经验有关，可以避免或及早发现。     

局限性骨脓肿23例报告

目的：回顾性地总结局限性骨脓肿的临床和X线特点，为今后诊治提供参考。方法：将既往2个医院诊治的该病资料完整的23例进行临床分析，找出其一定的规律性。结果：该病好发于股骨中下段和胫骨上下端，其中发生在于骺端占17例。发病年龄9-46岁，其中半数为13岁以下儿童。发生于干骺端松质骨内14例，皮质骨内9例。结论：有局限性炎性症状。X线片显示为一饲皮质骨增生者，应考虑本病，行CT扫描确诊。手术治疗可取得良好效果。     

心肌营养素1/破伤风毒素重链C端片段融合蛋白的构建及其靶向大鼠嗜铬细胞瘤细胞的研究

目的：探讨心肌营养素1（cardiotrophin 1，CT1）/破伤风毒素重链C端片段（tentanus toxin C fragment,TTC）（CT1/TTC）融合蛋白的构建及其对大鼠嗜铬细胞瘤（pheochromocytoma,PC12）细胞的靶向性。方法：采用聚合酶链式反应（PCR）、T-A克隆等分子生物学方法构建CT1/TTC融合蛋白。体外培养PC12细胞,并将CT1/TTC融合蛋白与PC12细胞共培养,红色荧光免疫组化染色后在激光共聚焦显微镜下观察融合蛋白能否在TTC的靶向作用下进入PC12细胞。结果：成功构建了CT1/TTC融合蛋白,测序显示融合基因序列正确,免疫组化染色结果显示融合蛋白能够进入PC12细胞，并发出红色荧光。结论：采用PCR和T-A克隆等分子生物学方法能成功构建CT1/TTC融合蛋白．并且TTC能够将CT1靶向进入PC12细胞。     

成人腰椎峡部裂型滑脱症的微创治疗

Objective To investigate the clinical experiences and technical skills of adult isthmic spondylolisthesis. Methods Twenty-one patients with adult isthmic spondylolisthesis underwent minimally invasive surgery. There were 12 men and 9 women, with the mean age of 51.7 years. Isthmic spondylolisthe-sis occurred at the L4.5 in 7 patients, and at the L5S1 in 14 patients. According to Meyerding classification, 13 cases were of Grade Ⅰ, 7 of Grade Ⅱ, 1 of Grade Ⅲ. Under general anesthesia, guiding by fluoroscopy, the surgeries performed minimally invasive microendoscopic(METRx) techniques for posterior decompression, interbody cage fusion and novel Sextant-R percutaneous pedicle screw techniques for deformity reduction and fixation. Results Seventeen cases were followed up 1 year postoperatively. The average low back pain VAS reduced from preoperative 6.0±2.6 to postoperative 2.9±2.5. The average leg pain VAS decreased from preoperative 6.7±3.3 to postoperative 2.8±1.6. The average ODI decreased from preoperative 44.3% to post-operative 27.1%. The Nakai good and excellent rate was 90%. The mean operative time 170 min, blood loss 160 ml, and postoperative stay in bed 7.5 d. The sagittal spondylolisthesis rate significantly decreased from preoperative 35.5%±2.5% to postoperative 8.3%±7.5%. The lordotic angle from preoperative 11.5°±1.7° in-creased to postoperative 16.8°±9.5°; the intervertebral disc height from preoperative (5.4±2.5) mm increased to postoperative (9.1±3.0) mm. According to Lenke judgement for fusion, complete fusion rate was 76%, in-complete fusion rate was 12%, nonfusion rate was 12%. Conclusion The minimally invasive microendo-scopic (METRx) assisted with a novel Sextant-R percutaneous pedicle screw systems for deformity reduction and fixation to treat adult isthmic spondylolisthesis, is not only a minimally invasive and safe surgical tech-nique, also an effective treatment for deformity reduction and fixation.     

心肌营养素—1的研究进展

心肌营养素 1(CT 1)是一种新近发现的细胞因子 ,属于IL 6家族。人CT 1mRNA编码 2 0 3个氨基酸 ,以gp130和LIFR为受体。CT 1通过JAK /STAT3信号转导途径诱导心肌肥大 ,p2 4/p44MAPK途径保护心肌。CT 1也能维持神经元存活 ,并有IL 6样生物学功能。     

颈脊髓损伤后气管切开危险因素和预测模型的研究进展

颈脊髓损伤引起的呼吸系统并发症是导致患者病情加重甚至死亡的重要原因,早期行气管切开可以有效缓解由呼吸功能失常或下呼吸道分泌物潴留所导致的呼吸困难,避免长期气管插管引起的并发症.患者的年龄、吸烟史、美国脊髓损伤学会残损分级、神经损伤平面、创伤严重程度评分、肺功能指标等均可影响颈脊髓损伤患者行气管切开的决策.该文就颈脊髓损...     

腺病毒介导的心肌营养素1基因修饰大鼠神经干细胞

目的:以心肌营养素1基因修饰大鼠神经干细胞,为心肌营养素1基因修饰的神经干细胞移植治疗中枢神经系统损伤提供物质基础。方法:实验于2002-06/2003-06在第三军医大学野战外科研究所全军重点开放实验室进行。从W istar大鼠胚胎海马和室管膜区组织分离、培养大鼠胚胎神经干细胞,以构建纯化好的重组腺病毒-心肌营养素1和重组腺病毒-增强绿色荧光蛋白载体转染神经干细胞。相差显微镜下直接观察细胞生长存活情况,应用免疫细胞化学和免疫荧光技术检测神经干细胞及其诱导后分化细胞的特异性蛋白巢蛋白、神经微丝蛋白、胶质纤维酸性蛋白,外源性Brdu和增强绿色荧光蛋白的掺入情况,并观察心肌营养素1基因在神经干细胞中的表达。结果:①从胚胎大鼠分离的神经干细胞可在体外多次传代,经细胞增殖标记物Brdu掺入实验证明神经干细胞具有分裂增殖能力。②检测神经干细胞标志物巢蛋白、神经元标志物神经微丝蛋白和胶质细胞标志物胶质纤维酸性蛋白,证实神经干细胞具有多向分化潜能。③重组腺病毒-心肌营养素1及重组腺病毒-增强绿色荧光蛋白转染神经干细胞后应用免疫组化和荧光示踪技术,检测到神经干细胞中心肌营养素1和报告基因增强绿色荧光蛋白表达明显持续增加。结论:①实验成功地分离和培养出大鼠神经干细胞,并在体外可多次传代增殖并可诱导分化为神经元和胶质细胞。②重组腺病毒-心肌营养素1和重组腺病毒-增强绿色荧光蛋白转染神经干细胞后,外源性心肌营养素1基因和增强绿色荧光蛋白在细胞中可持续稳定表达。     

下颈椎屈伸运动节律的实验研究

目的：观察和测量下颈椎节段屈伸运动节律。方法：采用５具新鲜成人男性尸体的颈椎标本,动态Ｘ线摄片,测量各屈伸状态各节段的屈伸角度。结果：Ｃ４～５,Ｃ５～６活动范围最大,屈伸运动节律也最大,而且在半屈—中立—半伸范围内的活动度较半屈—全屈和半伸—全伸的活动度大。结论：颈椎病变动态Ｘ线摄片中,可根据各节段尤其是Ｃ４～５、Ｃ５～６节段的屈伸运动节律是否正常作为一诊断参考依据     

经皮内镜椎间盘切除术治疗慢性椎间盘源性腰痛的初步研究

目的 评价经皮内镜腰椎间盘切除术(percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy,PELD)治疗经保守治疗无效的慢性椎间盘源性腰痛的初步临床效果. 方法 2007年6月-2008年5月,收治52例经保守治疗无效的慢性腰痛患者,经低压椎间盘造影诊断为椎间盘源性疼痛.其中男15例,女37例;年龄29～46岁,平均38.2岁.慢性腰痛病程6～110个月,平均32.1个月.经MRI检查显示共有108个T2像低信号的"黑椎间盘",按信号异常椎间盘节段分布:L2、3 3个,L3、417个,L4、548个,L5～S140个.经造影显示为阳性,并行透视或术中CT证实椎间盘后方纤维环撕裂的有79个椎间盘,行PELD治疗.于术前、术后1个月及末次随访时行疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS),末次随访时按改良Macnab标准评价1临床疗效. 结果 每节段手术时间21～36 min,平均30.7 min;术后住院时间2～5 d,平均3.7 d.术后无感染、血管神经损伤等并发症发生;5例术后当天出现一过性神经麻痹,未行特殊处理,末次随访时症状消失.52例均获随访,随访时间3～15个月,平均7.3个月.腰痛VAS评分术前为(7.34±1.52)分,术后1个月及末次随访时分别为(3.62±0.92)分和(1.57±0.48)分,与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).根据改良Macnab标准,优11例,良23例,可13例,差5例,优良率65.38%. 结论 初步研究提示PELD安全有效,可用于治疗经保守治疗无效的慢性椎间盘源性腰痛患者.