46例首诊伴远处转移鼻咽癌的预后分析

Objective To retrospectively analyze the therapeutic results of patients with initially di-agnosed metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods From January 1995 to December 1998, 46 NPC patients with distant metastases were treated in Fujian provincial cancer hospital. Among these pa-tients, 43 were single site metastasis and 3 were multiple sites metastases;The site of metastasis were 19 pa-tients in the liver, 11 in the bone, 7 in the lung, 1 in the brain, 6 in mediastinal nodes and 6 in axillary lymph nodes. All patients received standard radiotherapy to the primary site and cervical node region with a median dose of 72 Gy. Forty-one patients (89%) received 1-5 cycles chemotherapy (cisplatin and 5-flu-orouracil), and 23 (50%) received palliative irradiation to the metastatic site. Results The median surviv-al time was 20 months. The 1-, 2-, 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates were 66%, 47%, 30% and 19%, respectively. Irradiation to the metastatic sites and KPS were the significant prognostic factors. Pa-tients with palliative irradiation to the metastatic site had longer survival than those without (39 months vs. 13 months, X2=8.63, P=0.012). Patients with good performance status (KPS≥80) had better outcomes thanthose with poor performance status (26 months vs. 12 months, X2= 3.95, P=0.035) . Conclusions Active therapy may prolong the survival of patients with initially diagnosed metastatic NPC, especially for those who have good performance status. Under systematic chemotherapy, radiotherapy to the primary site and supportive care, the palliative irradiation to the metastatic site may also yield a good result.     

一种朊蛋白错误折叠循环扩增方法的建立

目的建立一种类似于PCR的蛋白质扩增方法-蛋白错误折叠循环扩增技术(PMCA),用于朊病毒病脑组织中PrPSc的检测。方法将不同浓度的羊瘙痒因子263K毒株原液与正常仓鼠脑组织匀浆混合,经反复孵育/超声,共10~15个循环。WesternBlot检测扩增产物中蛋白酶K抗性PrPSc信号。结果在本研究试验体系下,263K毒株可以利用仓鼠脑组织为基质在体外迅速复制。所建立的PrPSc-PMCA技术可检测到10-5稀释的毒株原液中的PrPSc。与常规的脑组织免疫印记方法相比,敏感度提高了105~106倍。研究还显示PrPSc还可利用小脑和脑干为基质进行体外扩增复制。结论成功建立了PrPSc-PMCA技术,为朊病毒病的早期诊断和朊病毒生物学特性的研究提供了一种新的手段。     

46例首诊伴远处转移鼻咽癌的预后分析

Objective To retrospectively analyze the therapeutic results of patients with initially di-agnosed metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods From January 1995 to December 1998, 46 NPC patients with distant metastases were treated in Fujian provincial cancer hospital. Among these pa-tients, 43 were single site metastasis and 3 were multiple sites metastases;The site of metastasis were 19 pa-tients in the liver, 11 in the bone, 7 in the lung, 1 in the brain, 6 in mediastinal nodes and 6 in axillary lymph nodes. All patients received standard radiotherapy to the primary site and cervical node region with a median dose of 72 Gy. Forty-one patients (89%) received 1-5 cycles chemotherapy (cisplatin and 5-flu-orouracil), and 23 (50%) received palliative irradiation to the metastatic site. Results The median surviv-al time was 20 months. The 1-, 2-, 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates were 66%, 47%, 30% and 19%, respectively. Irradiation to the metastatic sites and KPS were the significant prognostic factors. Pa-tients with palliative irradiation to the metastatic site had longer survival than those without (39 months vs. 13 months, X2=8.63, P=0.012). Patients with good performance status (KPS≥80) had better outcomes thanthose with poor performance status (26 months vs. 12 months, X2= 3.95, P=0.035) . Conclusions Active therapy may prolong the survival of patients with initially diagnosed metastatic NPC, especially for those who have good performance status. Under systematic chemotherapy, radiotherapy to the primary site and supportive care, the palliative irradiation to the metastatic site may also yield a good result.     

单心室患者辅助循环设备的研究与应用进展

单心室由于其特殊的病理生理特点,一直是心脏外科治疗的难点之一,其术后低心排血量引起的心力衰竭是影响其生存率的重要问题之一。机械辅助支持(mechanical circulatory support,MCS)是治疗心力衰竭的有效手段,可以帮助患者渡过单心室术后短期低心排血量恢复,也可以进行长期辅助循环治疗慢性心力衰竭或过渡到心脏移植,有效挽救患者生命,但单心室辅助循环的成功率明显低于双心室的心力衰竭患者。我们总结了现在可用于单心室辅助循环支持的MCS装置和其单心室辅助的临床效果,并介绍针对功能性单心室特点正在研发或实验阶段的各种单心室辅助循环设备。     

保留桡骨茎突带桡动脉茎突支桡骨骨瓣移植治疗腕舟骨骨折不愈合

腕舟骨骨折是常见的骨折,由于其特殊的血供特点及解剖位置,骨不愈合的发生率为5％～10％,治疗较困难[1-2].2007年2月至2010年8月,我院采用带桡动脉茎突支桡骨骨瓣移植治疗腕舟骨骨折不愈合19例,疗效满意.资料与方法本组男12例,女7例.年龄21 ～ 45岁.病程8个月～12年.骨折部位:舟骨腰部骨折17例、近侧t/3骨折2例,其中3例近端缺血性坏死.临床表现:腕关节酸疼,持物时明显,握力下降,鼻烟窝区压痛.X线片显示:骨折线清晰,骨折断端硬化,断端骨吸收.近折端呈囊性变3例.     

将人工智能引入网络药理学学科建设北大核心CSCD

网络药理学的提出是药理学的一大进步,它标志着药理学的研究从传统的一药一靶,一钥匙一锁的研究思想走向了系统化的研究模式[1]。在过去十年的网络药理学研究中,网络及网络科学中的多种度量指标成为了药理研究中的描述和研究工具,为药物新用途发现及药物治疗理论的完善提供了全新视角。     

“治未病”构筑中西医结合防控战线——吴以岭院士访谈录

2021年7月29日,中国工程院重点咨询项目“中西医结合疾病防控人才学科体系建设”课题组对吴以岭院士进行了专访,访谈的核心内容是中医治未病与建立中西医结合疾病防控体系。吴院士表示：中医治未病和中西医结合防控体系的建立,对推进健康中国建设,提高人民健康水平发挥着至关重要的作用。其关键是找到学科的交叉点,即中西医结合。     

乳头状和滤泡状甲状腺癌的处理

由于乳头状和滤泡状甲状腺癌确诊时病人的年龄,癌瘤所长的阶段和初期治疗的不同,其预后有很大别。及时、合理的初期治疗及长期密切的随访,可使90％的病人人长期存活,最佳的治疗方案是甲状腺近全切和术后及时的I^131治疗。随访分为3期,主要的临床测指标是全身扫描和血清Tg测定。     

不同剂量羊瘙痒因子263K颅内感染仓鼠临床终末期脑中GFAP表达的研究

目的 研究不同剂量羊瘙痒因子263 K经颅内注射感染仓鼠后,在发病的终末期星形胶质细胞增生程度是否与注射剂量及潜伏期长短有关.方法 以胶质纤维酸性蛋白(glial fibrill aryacidic protein,GFAP)作为星形胶质细胞增生的分子标志物,采用Western Blot和免疫组化方法检测感染仓鼠终末期脑匀浆和脑组织病理切片中的GFAP表达,经定量分析比较各感染剂量组间是否存在差异.结果与正常对照相比,不同剂量感染仓鼠发病终末期脑组织GFAP阳性细胞数量和总GFAP含量均明显升高,但各感染剂量组间无显著差异.结论 不同感染剂量羊瘙痒因子263K经颅内注射感染仓鼠在发病终末期脑中星形胶质细胞的增生程度相似,与感染剂量及潜伏期无关联性.