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1.
Hypertension due to chronic inhibition of NO synthase (NOS) by Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) administration is characterized by both impaired NO-dependent vasodilation and enhanced sympathetic vasoconstriction. The aim of our study was to evaluate changes in the participation of major vasoactive systems in L-NAME-treated rats which were subjected to simultaneous antihypertensive (captopril) or antioxidant (N-acetylcysteine, NAC) treatment. Three-month-old Wistar males treated with L-NAME (60 mg/kg/day) for 5 weeks were compared to rats in which L-NAME treatment was combined with simultaneous chronic administration of captopril or NAC. Basal blood pressure (BP) and its acute responses to consecutive i.v. injections of captopril (10 mg/kg), pentolinium (5 mg/kg), L-NAME (30 mg/kg), tetraethylammonium (TEA, 16 mg/kg) and nitroprusside (NP, 20 microg/kg) were determined in conscious rats at the end of the study. The development of L-NAME hypertension was prevented by captopril treatment, whereas NAC treatment caused only a moderate BP reduction. Captopril treatment normalized the sympathetic BP component and significantly reduced residual BP (measured at full NP-induced vasodilation). In contrast, chronic NAC treatment did not modify the sympathetic BP component or residual BP, but significantly enhanced NO-dependent vasodilation. Neither captopril nor NAC treatment influenced the compensatory increase of TEA-sensitive vasodilation mediated by endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor in L-NAME-treated rats. Chronic captopril treatment prevented L-NAME hypertension by lowering of sympathetic tone, whereas chronic NAC treatment attenuated L-NAME hypertension by reduction in the vasodilator deficit due to enhanced NO-dependent vasodilation. 相似文献
2.
Ueno T Tremblay J Kunes J Zicha J Dobesova Z Pausova Z Deng AY Sun YL Jacob HJ Hamet P 《Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)》2003,81(1):51-60
Acute pharmacogenetic analysis was carried out in an intercross F2 population derived from Prague hypertensive-hypertriglyceridemic and Lewis rats. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping was performed for baseline blood pressure (BP) and for BP after blockade of the renin-angiotensin system by losartan, of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) by pentolinium, and of the nitric oxide system by N(G)-nitro- L-arginine methyl ester. Two significant loci for baseline BP were found on chromosome (Chr) 3 (logarithm of likelihood, LOD, 3.8) and Chr 5 (LOD 3.6), and one suggestive locus on Chr 1 (LOD 2.7). The QTL on Chr 3 persisted after treatment with the three agents while the QTL on Chr 5 and Chr 1 disappeared after pentolinium administration. This suggests independence of the locus on Chr 3 from each acute BP regulatory system examined, whereas the loci on Chr 5 and Chr 1 appeared to be controlled mainly by the SNS. Although not apparent at baseline, a significant locus appeared on Chr 8 (LOD 7.0) after blockade of the SNS, and NO system blockade led to the appearance of a new QTL on Chr 1 (LOD 3.6), indicating the contribution of the inhibited systems to these loci. Pharmacogenetic dissection of the BP trait is a powerful tool to unravel the underlying physiological mechanisms of QTL affecting baseline BP and to identify specific QTL for the response to drugs. This pharmocogenetic approach enabled us to determine the main causative acute BP regulatory systems and should lead to better selection of suitable antihypertensive drugs for individual patients. 相似文献
3.
Zuzana Paduchov Barbora Katren
íkov Magdalna Vavkov Lucia Laubertov Zuzana Nagyov Iveta Garaiova Zdenka ura
kov Jana Trebatick 《Nutrients》2021,13(4)
In the DEPOXIN project, we have found that a high ratio of omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids (FA) is associated with worsening of depressive symptoms in children and adolescents with depressive disorder (DD) and that the 12-week omega-3 FA supplementation modulates DD symptoms. Here we present our results of the secondary outcomes: the levels of thromboxane (TXB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), homocysteine (HCy) and vitamin D. Fifty-eight patients were randomized into two arms. One group received a fish oil emulsion enriched with omega-3 FA, and the other received a sunflower oil emulsion containing omega-6 FA, for 12 weeks. Depressive symptoms were evaluated, using the Child’s Depressive Inventory (CDI). The patients with DD had elevated TXB levels and decreased vitamin D levels, as compared to healthy controls. Both CDI and omega-6/omega-3 ratio correlated positively with TXB and negatively with BDNF at baseline. Compared to the omega-6 FA group, the supplementation with omega-3 FA for 12 weeks significantly reduced plasma TXB (p = 0.024) and increased BDNF (p = 0.011) levels. No changes in HCy and vitamin D were observed. Our results demonstrate the possible role of TXB and BDNF in the pathophysiology of DD and the benefits of omega-3 FA supplementation. The study was registered with the ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN81655012). 相似文献
4.
Littoral cell angioma of the spleen: a study of 25 cases with confirmation of frequent association with visceral malignancies
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5.
Lenka HODACOVA Zdenka SUSTOVA Eva CERMAKOVA Martin KAPITAN Jindra SMEJKALOVA 《Industrial health》2015,53(1):48-55
The purpose of the study was to describe the occurrence of the most common
complaints related to MSDs in Czech dentists and to assess the risk factors affecting
them. A questionnaire survey of 581 Czech dentists (the response rate 72.6%) was conducted
in 2011. The questionnaire ascertained general information about the respondents, their
work habits and environment along with the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders. The
respondents filled out the questionnaires during the educational events organized by the
Czech Dental Chamber. At least mild difficulties associated with the motoric system were
reported by 96.9% of the respondents, with 66.3% of respondents reporting moderate or
major difficulties. Back and neck pain followed by shoulder pain and headache were the
most common complaints in our sample. According to our data: age, gender, length of
practice, a history of serious MSDs, the occurrence of MSDs in blood relatives, the
perception of work as psychologically demanding, and especially a perceived moderate/bad
general health were significantly associated with the four most common musculoskeletal
complaints. Some of the factors were found as protective. This study suggests that MSDs
represent a significant burden for Czech dentists and further research is needed to
elucidate this issue. 相似文献
6.
Andrea LA?TOVKOVá Pavlina KLUSá?KOVá Zdenka FENCLOVá Vincent BONNETERRE Daniela PELCLOVá 《Industrial health》2015,53(6):562-568
The objective of this study is to describe a case-series of potassium aluminium
tetrafluoride (KAlF4)-induced occupational asthma (OA) and/or occupational
rhinitis (OR). The study involves five patients from a heat-exchanger production line who
were examined (including specific inhalation challenge tests) for suspected OA and/or OR
caused by a flux containing almost 100% KAlF4 − with fluorides’ workplace air
concentrations ranging between 1.7 and 2.8 mg/m3. No subject had a previous
history of asthma. All five patients had a positive specific challenge test (three
patients were diagnosed with OA alone, one with OR and one with both OR and OA). At the
follow-up visit, after three years on average, all patients needed permanent
corticosteroid therapy (four topical, one oral). After elimination from the exposure, only
one of the observed subjects gave an indication of an improvement, two subjects stabilized
and two worsened. Our case series focuses on the correlation between patients’ exposure to
fluorides in air-conditioner production and the subsequent occurrence of OR/OA. Currently,
it is uncertain whether these OR/OA were caused by hypersensitivity or irritation. 相似文献
7.
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9.
Although Ren-2 transgenic rat (TGR) is defined as a model of angiotensin II-dependent hypertension, we studied whether the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is really the main contributor to blood pressure (BP) elevation in hetero- and homozygous TGRs. Moreover, we examined whether repeated antisense (AS) therapy against AT(1) receptors would have a similar effect on the BP and the contribution of the principle vasoconstrictor/vasodilator systems to BP regulation in young and adult TGRs. From the age of 30 (young) and 100 (adult) days, rats were injected with AS for 40 days in 10-day intervals. After 10 and 40 days of AS therapy, the basal BP and acute BP responses to the sequential blockade of the RAS, sympathetic nervous (SNS) and nitric oxide systems were determined in conscious rats. The RAS system was the major system maintaining elevated BP in young homozygous animals, whereas there was an increasing contribution of the SNS in heterozygous TGR with age. The AS therapy in the young TGR had a transient BP-lowering effect that was associated with reduced cardiac hypertrophy; the AS therapy was most effective in young homozygous TGR, causing a substantial reduction of angiotensin-dependent vasoconstriction. In heterozygous rats, AS therapy at earlier stages was related to an inhibition of sympathetic vasoconstriction, whereas to RAS inhibition in established hypertension. In conclusion, repeated AS therapy had transient antihypertensive effects exclusively in young TGR. The contribution of the RAS to BP maintenance is highly important only in homozygous TGRs, whereas it is surpassed by SNS in heterozygous TGR. 相似文献
10.
Keith B. Burt Robert Whelan Patricia J. Conrod Tobias Banaschewski Gareth J. Barker Arun L.W. Bokde Uli Bromberg Christian Büchel Mira Fauth‐Bühler Herta Flor André Galinowski Juergen Gallinat Penny Gowland Andreas Heinz Bernd Ittermann Karl Mann Frauke Nees Dimitri Papadopoulos‐Orfanos Tomas Paus Zdenka Pausova Luise Poustka Marcella Rietschel Trevor W. Robbins Michael N. Smolka Andreas Ströhle Gunter Schumann Hugh Garavan the IMAGEN Consortium 《Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines》2016,57(11):1287-1296