Effect of sampling site on fatty acid composition of human breast adipose tissue

The effect of sampling site and proximity of malignant tumor on the relative fatty acid composition of human breast adipose tissue was studied in 10 cases of breast cancer. The four anatomic quadrants of breast did not statistically significantly differ from each other in relation to any of the 30 fatty acids studied. Proximity of the malignant tumor did not affect the relative fatty acid composition of fat when compared with more distant sampling sites. Representative samples of breast adipose tissue for fatty acid composition analysis can be obtained from tissue adjacent to the tumor.     

Effect of sampling site on retinol, carotenoid, tocopherol, and tocotrienol concentration of adipose tissue of human breast with cancer

The effect of sampling site and closeness of malignant tumor on the retinoid, carotenoid, tocopherol, and tocotrienol concentration of adipose tissue of human breast was studied in 10 cases of breast cancer. The four anatomic quadrants of breast did not differ from each other statistically significantly in relation to adipose tissue concentrations of the vitamins studied. Proximity of malignant tumor did not affect the vitamin concentrations when compared to the more distant sampling sites. Representative sample of breast adipose tissue for vitamin concentration analysis can be obtained from tissue adjacent to the tumor.     

Effect of dietary methionine, arginine and ornithine on the metabolism and accumulation of polyamines, S-adenosylmethionine and macromolecules in rat liver and skeletal muscle

The interrelationship and possible causality of polyamine synthesis and the transmethylation pathway in the growth-retarding effects of inadequate or excess dietary methionine was studied in young male rats. Feeding the rats for 2 weeks diets containing toxic concentrations of methionine had no effect on polyamine and S-adenosylmethionine metabolism in skeletal muscle, but resulted in markedly elevated concentrations of S-adenosylmethionine and S-adenosylhomocysteine and slightly decreased accumulation of spermine and RNA in the liver. These changes were accompanied by liver-specific stimulation of methionine adenosyltransferase and reduction of spermine synthase activities. Inadequate arginine feeding or supplementation of the diets with ornithine or excess arginine resulted in no apparent changes in tissue methionine or polyamine metabolism and did not alleviate the effects of varied dietary methionine supply. Inhibition of putrescine synthesis by supplementing the diets with 2-difluoromethylornithine did not modify the effects of toxic concentrations of dietary methionine. It is suggested that although hepatic spermine synthase is sensitive to excess methionine feeding, methionine toxicity is not mediated by defective polyamine metabolism.     

Collutorio a base di fitocomplessi ed estratti naturali per la protezione contro la demineralizzazione dello smalto

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the enamel protection induced by a new mouthwash containing phytocomplexes and natural extracts against acid attacks.

Materials and methods

Sixteen pairs of enamel fragments obtained from healthy human teeth were used in this study and treated with mouthwash or with deionized water. Ultraviolet/visible (UV/vis) spectrophotometry and SEM ultra-morphological analyses were performed for the evaluation of the enamel protection by the mouthwash after citric and lactic acid challenge.

Results

The ultraviolet/visible (UV/vis) spectrophotometry and the SEM ultra-morphological analysis showed that the specimens treated with the mouthwash containing Lapacho and Chios Mastic presented no sign of enamel demineralisation.

Conclusions

Daily use of this innovative mouthwash may help protect against enamel demineralization caused by bacteria and food.     

Population-based study of salivary carriage of periodontal pathogens in adults

Large, general population-based data on carriage rates of periodontal pathogens hardly exist in the current literature. The objectives of the present study were to examine the salivary detection of Aggregatibacter (formerly Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, Campylobacter rectus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythensis, and Treponema denticola in a representative sample of the adult population living in southern Finland and to clarify which determinants are associated with the presence of these pathogens in saliva. 16S rRNA-based PCR methods with species-specific primers were employed to determine the presence of the six target bacteria in stimulated saliva samples, which were available from 1,294 subjects aged > or =30 years. The age group, gender, level of education, marital status, smoking history, number of teeth, and number of teeth with deepened pockets were included in the statistical analysis. In general, the carriage of periodontal pathogens was common, since at least one of the examined pathogens was found in 88.2% of the subjects. In descending order, the total detection rates were 56.9%, 38.2%, 35.4%, 31.3%, 20.0%, and 13.9% for T. forsythensis, T. denticola, P. gingivalis, C. rectus, A. actinomycetemcomitans, and P. intermedia, respectively. Age per se was strongly associated with the carriage of P. gingivalis (P = 0.000), and the level of education with that of T. denticola (P = 0.000). There was an association between the number of teeth with deepened pockets and carriage of P. gingivalis (P = 0.000), P. intermedia (P = 0.000), T. denticola (P = 0.000), and A. actinomycetemcomitans (P = 0.004). The data suggest that distinct species have a different carriage profile, depending on variables such as age, educational level, and periodontal status.