全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6323篇 |
免费 | 360篇 |
国内免费 | 39篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 109篇 |
儿科学 | 167篇 |
妇产科学 | 174篇 |
基础医学 | 839篇 |
口腔科学 | 155篇 |
临床医学 | 405篇 |
内科学 | 1587篇 |
皮肤病学 | 164篇 |
神经病学 | 696篇 |
特种医学 | 255篇 |
外科学 | 760篇 |
综合类 | 38篇 |
预防医学 | 270篇 |
眼科学 | 99篇 |
药学 | 404篇 |
中国医学 | 18篇 |
肿瘤学 | 582篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 37篇 |
2022年 | 67篇 |
2021年 | 154篇 |
2020年 | 81篇 |
2019年 | 131篇 |
2018年 | 143篇 |
2017年 | 127篇 |
2016年 | 154篇 |
2015年 | 166篇 |
2014年 | 207篇 |
2013年 | 254篇 |
2012年 | 395篇 |
2011年 | 423篇 |
2010年 | 228篇 |
2009年 | 194篇 |
2008年 | 333篇 |
2007年 | 383篇 |
2006年 | 333篇 |
2005年 | 328篇 |
2004年 | 399篇 |
2003年 | 325篇 |
2002年 | 281篇 |
2001年 | 137篇 |
2000年 | 167篇 |
1999年 | 156篇 |
1998年 | 59篇 |
1997年 | 57篇 |
1996年 | 54篇 |
1995年 | 61篇 |
1994年 | 29篇 |
1993年 | 28篇 |
1992年 | 72篇 |
1991年 | 63篇 |
1990年 | 52篇 |
1989年 | 73篇 |
1988年 | 74篇 |
1987年 | 65篇 |
1986年 | 57篇 |
1985年 | 56篇 |
1984年 | 43篇 |
1983年 | 25篇 |
1982年 | 18篇 |
1979年 | 35篇 |
1978年 | 18篇 |
1975年 | 14篇 |
1974年 | 20篇 |
1973年 | 18篇 |
1972年 | 15篇 |
1969年 | 13篇 |
1968年 | 13篇 |
排序方式: 共有6722条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Shingo Hashimoto Masaki Katsurada Rie Muramatsu Kumiko Asai Kenichiro Tanaka Kensuke Hayashi Yoshiaki Kibe Koichiro Nakajima Yukiko Hattori Hiromitsu Iwata Jun-etsu Mizoe Hiroyuki Ogino Yuta Shibamoto 《Practical radiation oncology》2019,9(2):e149-e155
Purpose
Suppression of respiratory movement of the liver would be desirable for high-precision radiation therapy for liver tumors. We aimed to investigate the effect of our original device-free compressed shell fixation method and breathing instruction on suppression of respiratory movement. The characteristics of liver motion based on the movement of a fiducial marker were also analyzed.Methods and Materials
First, respiratory amplitudes of the liver with the device-free compressed shell were analyzed from the data of 146 patients. The effect of this shell fixing method on liver movement was evaluated. Second, as another cohort study with 166 patients, interfractional internal motion of the liver for patients fixed in the shell was calculated using the fiducial marker coordinate data of images for position setting before daily irradiation. Third, in another 12 patients, intrafractional internal motion was calculated from the fiducial marker coordinate data using x-ray images before and after irradiation.Results
The median respiratory movement without the shell, after fixing with the shell, and after instructing on the breathing method with the shell was 14.2 (interquartile range, 10.7-19.8), 11.5 (8.6-17.5), and 10.4 mm (7.3-15.8), respectively. Systematic and random errors of interfractional internal motion were all ≤2 mm in the left-right and anteroposterior directions and 3.7 and 3.0 mm, respectively, in the craniocaudal direction. Systematic and random errors of intrafractional internal motion were all ≤1.3 mm in the left-right and anteroposterior directions and 0.8 and 2.4 mm, respectively, in the craniocaudal direction.Conclusions
The device-free compressed shell fixation method was effective in suppressing the respiratory movement of the liver. Irradiation position matching using the fiducial marker can correct the interfractional internal motion on each day, which would contribute to the reduction of the margin to be given around the target. 相似文献2.
3.
Takako Miyamae Masaaki Mori Yasuji Inamo Youichi Kohno Shuji Takei Motoharu Maeda Takuji Murata Shuji Nakata Hiroshi Kawai Yukiko Hirano Yukiji Date Katsuhiko Kitamura Shumpei Yokota 《Ryūmachi》2003,43(3):538-543
OBJECTIVES: To reveal the frequency and the clinical characteristics of dystrophic calcification that occurs in children with juvenile dermatomyositis, multi-center analysis was constructed. METHOD: Fifty children with JDM were enrolled, and 14 of them (28.0%) were complicated with calcinosis. Clinical symptoms and laboratory tests at onset, initial therapy and disease course were compared in children with and without calcinosis. RESULTS: The mean age of the onset of calcinosis was 4.78 +/- 3.33 years, and it was younger than those of children without calcinosis (8.66 +/- 3.85 years) (P = 0.0017). No differences of clinical manifestation except Gower's sign were observed. The frequency of positive anti-nuclear antibody was 7.1% in children with calcinosis and 52.9% without calcinosis (P = 0.0112). The initial therapy of methylprednisolon pulses gave no effects on prognosis of calcium deposition. The calcinosis appeared in 1.56 +/- 1.91 year after the onset of the disease. The various types of calcium deposition including large tumorous clumps, subcutaneous plaques or nodules, sheet-type calcification were deserved. They appeared over knee joints (64.3%), elbow joint (64.3%), and hip processes (50.0%). Calcinosis affecting the subcutaneous tissues frequently resulted in painful superficial ulceration of the overlying skin (42.9%), local infection (50.0%), and limitation of joint movement (14.3%). Although aluminum phosphate was effective in 2 children among 7, no other effective treatment was recommended. In 5 cases, surgical removal of tumorous clumps was operated. Thus, juvenile dermatomyositis is frequently complicated with calcinosis. This type of calcinosis was found to be unlikely to resolve completely, and resulted in severe disability in children. 相似文献
4.
Toshihiko Iizasa Yukiko Haga Kenzo Hiroshima Takehiko Fujisawa 《European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery》2003,23(5):847-849
Systemic arterial supply from the descending thoracic aorta to the basal segment of the left lower lobe without a pulmonary artery supply is a rare congenital anomaly within the spectrum of pulmonary sequestration cases. We encountered four consecutive cases, which were treated successfully by three basalectomies and one lower lobectomy to preserve lung function. 相似文献
5.
K. Nishiyama S. Murayama Y. Nishimura K. Asayama I. Kanazawa 《Acta neuropathologica》1996,93(1):19-23
Iron accumulation in the basal ganglia and spheroid formation are pathological hallmarks of Hallervorden-Spatz disease (HS).
Since an overaccumulation of iron (iron thesaurosis) that exceeds the binding capacity of ferritin could cause oxidative damage,
we studied the possible role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of HS. The basal ganglia and spinal cord from patients
with HS were investigated at autopsy, using histochemistry for iron and immunohistochemistry for Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase
(SOD1), Mn superoxide dismutase (SOD2) and ferritin. SOD1-like immunoreactivity (IR), SOD2-IR and ferritin-IR occurred frequently
in spheroids observed in the basal ganglia, and associated iron accumulation indicated the possible existence of increased
oxidative stress in HS patients. Spheroids in the spinal cord showed intense SOD1-IR and SOD2-IR in HS, in sharp contrast
with the occasional weak SOD1-IR and SOD2-IR observed in spheroids from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
Neither increased ferritin-IR nor iron accumulation were observed in spinal spheroids from HS and ALS patients. These data
may suggest that, at least in the spinal cord, SOD1-IR and SOD2-IR in spheroids in HS patients do not result from oxidative
stress directly related to iron accumulation.
Received: 15 March 1996 / Revised accepted: 15 July 1996 相似文献
6.
Yukiko Kaizu Sakae Ohkawa Hiromichi Kumagai 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》2002,17(3):442-448
BACKGROUND: Measurement of muscle mass is useful for evaluating protein nutritional status. Various methods for estimating muscle mass in haemodialysis patients have recently been developed. METHODS: The validity of the estimate of creatinine production calculated with the creatinine kinetic model (CKM) was examined in 46 haemodialysis patients by comparing it with the actual creatinine production, this being determined from the sum of creatinine appearing in the dialysate and the estimated metabolic degradation. The correlation of various other muscle mass indices with creatinine production was also investigated in these patients. RESULTS: The estimate of creatinine production using CKM was significantly correlated with creatinine production calculated from the spent dialysate plus an estimate for the extra-renal creatinine degradation (r=0.90, P<0.001). A Bland-Altman analysis revealed that the mean prediction error for the estimate of creatinine production by CKM was +0.10 g/day and the limits of agreement were +0.34 to -0.14 g/day. The cross-sectional area of the thigh muscle measured by computed tomography (CT) was also significantly correlated with creatinine production (r=-0.86, P<0.01). In contrast, the correlations of 3-methylhistidine production measured in the spent dialysate, the mid-upper arm muscle circumference and the skeletal muscle mass estimated by an anthropometric prediction model with creatinine production were lower (r<0.82). CONCLUSION: Creatinine production calculated using CKM and CT measurement of thigh muscle area are valid methods for estimating muscle mass during routine clinical examinations of haemodialysis patients. 相似文献
7.
Toru Yamaguchi Ippei Kanazawa Masahiro Yamamoto Soichi Kurioka Mika Yamauchi Shozo Yano Toshitsugu Sugimoto 《BONE》2009,44(2):174-179
The association of bone with the metabolic syndrome and its features, visceral fat accumulation or insulin resistance, remains unclear. We determined visceral and subcutaneous fat areas (V and S) by computed tomography on 187 men (28–83 years) and 125 postmenopausal women (46–82 years) with type 2 diabetes. Men whose V was 100 cm2 or more had significantly lower urinary N-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type-I collagen (p = 0.005), higher femoral neck bone mineral density (FN-BMD) (p = 0.004), and lower prevalence of vertebral fractures (VFs) (p = 0.04) than controls. Fat mass, V, S, and lean body mass positively correlated with FN-BMD in men and with lumbar (L) and FN-BMD in women. When adjusted for weight, these correlations became negative. Urinary C-peptide positively correlated with FN-BMD in both genders. Multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, height, weight, L-BMD, duration of diabetes, and diabetes therapies identified V in men and urinary C-peptide in women as factors inversely associated with the presence of VFs [odds ratio (OR) = 0.61 per SD increase, p = 0.04, and OR = 0.32, p = 0.01, respectively]. These findings suggest that, of the components of the metabolic syndrome, body fat in gravity and hyperinsulinemia could increase FN-BMD in diabetic subjects. Visceral fat in men and hyperinsulinemia in women may protect against VFs independent of weight, L-BMD, diabetes duration, or therapies. 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
Susumu Kusunoki Atsuro Chiba Seiji Hitoshi Hajime Takizawa Ichiro Kanazawa 《Muscle & nerve》1995,18(4):409-413
Four of 82 patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and 1 of 12 with multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN), who previously had had Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections, had serum antibody to galactocerebroside (Gal-C). Two patients with GBS without mycoplasma infection also had anti-Gal-C antibody, whereas none of the normal or the disease controls had it. As Gal-C is a major glycolipid antigen in myelin, anti-Gal-C antibody may function in the pathogenesis of autoimmune demyelinative neuropathies. Mycoplasma pneumoniae appears to be an important preceding infectious agent in autoimmune neuropathies with anti-Gal-C antibody. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献