25-羟维生素D_3治疗2型糖尿病患者早期肾损害的临床观察

目的观察25-羟维生素D3(Vit D3)对2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者早期肾损害的临床疗效。方法纳入T2DM早期肾损伤患者80例,采用随机数字表法等分为治疗组与对照组,对照组继续原有降糖方案,治疗组在既往用药基础上,肌肉注射Vit D3注射液,疗程均为10个月,治疗结束后进行疗效评价。结果 1与治疗前相比,治疗组糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平上调,微量白蛋白(MA)、β2-微球蛋白(β2-M)及肾脏损伤分子-1(KIM-1)水平下调,治疗组低于对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2与治疗前相比,治疗组治疗后Vit D3水平上调,治疗组高于对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。3T2DM患者Vit D3水平与MA(r=-0.432),β2-M(r=-0.615),及KIM-1(r=-0.763)水平均呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论 Vit D3可有效减轻T2DM患者的早期肾损害,对肾脏具有保护作用。     

常见植物药对结肠癌的防治作用及其作用机制

植物药对结肠癌具有良好的防治作用。姜黄素、多糖(苹果多糖、香菇多糖)、皂苷(重楼皂苷、人参皂苷)、白藜芦醇、槲皮素等植物药可通过不同信号通路抑制结肠癌细胞的增殖,促进细胞凋亡。此外,植物药还具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗血管生成、减轻化疗药物不良反应、逆转肿瘤细胞耐药等作用。了解植物药对结肠癌的防治作用及其可能的作用机制,能为结肠癌的临床防治提供更多的理论依据及治疗思路。     

AKR7A3在肺腺癌中异常表达及临床意义

目的:探讨醛-酮还原酶家族7成员A3（AKR7A3）在肺腺癌中的异常表达及与临床病理特征的关系，并探究其临床意义。方法:采用生物信息学数据库分析、免疫组化、Western Blot、Real-time PCR等方法对肺腺癌组织及不同细胞中AKR7A3的表达进行检测与分析。结果:Oncomine数据库分析结果显示，在肺腺癌中，AKR7A3的表达普遍高于正常肺组织，分别为正常肺组织的1.811倍（P=0.022）、1.356倍（P<0.01）、1.413倍（P=0.002）。Kaplan-Meier Plotter数据库分析结果显示，AKR7A3高表达的患者较低表达的患者生存时间缩短，差异具有统计学意义（P=0.003 7）。免疫组化染色显示肺腺癌组织中AKR7A3的表达较癌旁增高，在与临床病理特征的相关性分析中，发现其与肿瘤分化程度（P<0.01）、淋巴结转移情况（P=0.029）以及TNM分期（P<0.01）相关，且会造成患者生存时间缩短（P=0.031）。Cox多因素分析表明AKR7A3可能是影响肺腺癌患者预后的独立危险因素(P=0.012)。Western Blot及Real-time PCR实验提示不同肺腺癌细胞中AKR7A3蛋白及mRNA表达普遍增高。结论:AKR7A3在肺腺癌中表达增高，对预后有不良影响，有促进肿瘤发生发展的作用。     

高原地区小儿病毒性心肌炎T细胞亚群检测及临床意义

本文对２８例小儿病毒性心肌炎患者进行了Ｔ细胞检测，发现患儿外周血Ｔ细胞亚群有明显改变。提示：小儿病毒性心肌炎患者均有不同程度的一过性细胞免疫功能低下。而体液免疫功能正常，我们在临床给与一般治疗的同时，佐以胸腺因子治疗，明显改善症状，取得良好疗效。     

Extraperitoneal endometriosis: a diagnosis to be considered

Summary BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a relatively common pathology in women of childbearing age and of low parity but rarely shows extraperitoneal involvement. The main aim of this paper is to raise the attention of specialists to the necessity of carrying out penetrating diagnosis of nonspecific extraperitoneal masses occurring in women of reproductive age. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of six patients diagnosed with extraperitoneal endometriosis who were treated at the Vega Baja University Hospital (Spain) during the last 5 years. RESULTS: Surgical treatment had positive results in five patients. The preoperative diagnosis was correctly made in only two patients. The accurate aetiology of endometriosis remains unknown and diagnosis is based on clinical and cytopathological findings. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment of extraperitoneal endometriosis is recommended. However, postoperative follow-up is obligatory and hormonal suppressive therapy may be necessary. Medical treatment with gestagens, Danazol, or agonists of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone are ineffective in endometriomas which are bigger than 2 cm.      

Characteristics of pollinosis caused by Betula in patients from Ourense (Galicia, Spain).

A retrospective study was performed to describe the features of the pollinosis caused by Betula in the area of Ourense, Spain. The pollen count was carried out with a Lanzoni volumetric Hirts spore trap (1993-2000). The Betula pollen represented 5% over the annual total (annual mean quantity: 965 grains). It was present in the air from March to mid-May. The highest peaks took place in April (maximum values mean: 131 grains/m3). The medical records of 222 patients (mean age 25.66 years) diagnosed with pollinosis (1998-2000), who lived at less than 30 km. from the spore trap, were reviewed. In all of them, the skin-prick test (SPT) was carried out with pollen allergens. The percentages of positive SPT were: Lolium perenne, 91.89% (16.6% monosensitized); Plantago lanceolata, 71.17% (1.26% monosensitized); Betula alba, 41.89% (10.75% monosensitized); Platanus hybrida, 34.95%; Olea europea, 10.36%; and Parietaria judaica, 6.3%. The mean age of Betula monosensitized patients was 44.7 years. The majority of them had symptoms in March-April, 40% had asthma symptoms, 80% had lived in Central Europe, and 30% of them presented an oral allergy syndrome to fruits. There were 41.93% of the patients with positive SPT to Betula pollen who had asthma symptoms, in comparison with 23.25% of the patients with negative SPT to Betula (p = 0.0034). There were 20.28% of the patients with positive SPT to Betula pollen, who had lived in Central Europe, in comparison with 4.27% of the patients with negative SPT to Betula, p: 0.00049. The relative risk of sensitization was 2.05. CONCLUSIONS: Betula pollen was the second cause of clinical pollinosis in our patients, after grass, being responsible of the symptoms in the early spring, in a small number of the patients in their forties. The presence of asthma was higher in Betula sensitized patients, and the residence in Central Europe was a sensitization risk factor.     

自杀基因联合中医药疗法治疗肿瘤的设想

自杀基因疗法是一种具有良好应用前景的肿瘤治疗新措施。但如何有效提高疗效是目前仍须解决的关键性问题。由于免疫机制在自杀基因疗法旁杀伤效应中的重要作用，激活荷瘤机体的免疫功能，改善自杀基因抗肿瘤作用的炎症免疫微环境，是提高肿瘤自杀基因疗法疗效的主要策略。中医中药在调节机体免疫状态方面具有肯定的作用，与其他方法比较具有明显优势。因而，将自杀基因疗法与中医中药联合应用，有可能起到提高肿瘤自杀基因疗法疗效，防止肿瘤复发的作用。提出了自杀基因联合中医药疗法治疗肿瘤的新设想，为肿瘤基因治疗提供了一种新的思路和模式。     

纸板加压垫法治疗第五跖骨基底骨折113例临床分析

本文报告我院应用纸板加压垫法治疗第五跖骨基底骨折113例，优良率达92.9%。本组无不愈合病例，对治疗要点和骨折分类进行了讨论，提出二类三度分型方法。用于指导治疗和估计预后，作者认为本病治疗不当可留有不同程度后遗症，应当重视其治疗。     

枳鳖胶囊抗大鼠肝纤维化形态学及肝组织Ⅲ型胶原mRNA表达的实验研究

目的:观察枳鳖胶囊抗肝纤维化形态学和Ⅲ型胶原mRNA表达的变化。方法:选择66只健康清洁级SD大鼠,雌雄各半,随机分为:正常对照组,模型组,秋水仙碱组,枳鳖胶囊大、中、小剂量组。以40%四氯化碳花生油皮下注射结合高脂饲料、酒水饮料复合因素诱导大鼠肝纤维化模型。造模结束后,除正常组不予处理外,其他组分别以蒸馏水,秋水仙碱混悬液,高、中、低浓度枳鳖胶囊溶液灌胃,疗程36d。疗程结束后,观察大鼠新鲜肝脏的表面情况、色泽、质地等大体形态,测定肝组织Ⅲ型胶原mRNA的表达,光镜观察肝组织HE染色和网状纤维染色的病理形态学改变。结果:模型组大鼠肝细胞损害、肝脏脂肪变性和胶原纤维增生的程度最显著,Ⅲ型胶原mRNA的表达最强。枳鳖胶囊组上述改变明显减轻,且可抑制Ⅲ型胶原mRNA的表达,疗效优于秋水仙碱组。结论:枳鳖胶囊可较好地保护肝细胞,并能阻止肝纤维化进程甚或逆转肝纤维化病理改变,抑制胶原基因表达,抑制胶原基因表达可能是其抗肝纤维化的作用机理之一。