Collimating micro-lens fiber array for noncontact near-infrared diffuse correlation tomography

Near-infrared diffuse correlation spectroscopy/tomography (DCS/DCT) has recently emerged as a noninvasive measurement/imaging technology for tissue blood flow. In DCT studies, the high-dense collection of light temporal autocorrelation curves (g₂(τ)) via fiber array are critical for image reconstruction of blood flow. Previously, the camera-based fiber array limits the field of view (FOV), precluding its applications on large-size human tissues. The line-shape fiber probe based on lens combination, which is predominantly used in current DCT studies, requires rotated-scanning over the surface of target tissue, substantially prolonging the measurement time and increasing the system instability. In this study, we design a noncontact optical probe for DCT based on collimating micro-lens fiber array, termed as FA-nc-DCT system. For each source/detector fiber, a single optical path was collimated by coupling with one micro-lens in the fiber array that is integrated in a square-shape base. Additionally, an 8×8 optical switch is used to share the hardware laser and detectors without spatial scanning. The FA-nc approach for the precise collection of g₂(τ) curves was validated through a speed-varied phantom experiment and the human experiments of cuff occlusion, from which the expected value of the blood flow index (BFI) was obtained. Furthermore, the flow anomaly in the phantom and the ischemic muscle in human were accurately reconstructed from the FA-nc-DCT system, which is combined with the imaging framework based on the Nth-order linear algorithm that we recently created. Those outcomes demonstrated the great potential of FA-nc-DCT technology for fast and robust imaging of various diseases such as human breast cancers.     

A High Order Bound Preserving Finite Difference Linear Scheme for Incompressible Flows

We propose a high order finite difference linear scheme combined with a high order bound preserving maximum-principle-preserving (MPP) flux limiter to solve the incompressible flow system. For such problem with highly oscillatory structure but not strong shocks, our approach seems to be less dissipative and much less costly than a WENO type scheme, and has high resolution due to a Hermite reconstruction. Spurious numerical oscillations can be controlled by the weak MPP flux limiter. Numerical tests are performed for the Vlasov-Poisson system, the 2D guiding-center model and the incompressible Euler system. The comparison between the linear and WENO type schemes, with and without the MPP flux limiter, will demonstrate the good performance of our proposed approach.     

青岛市2018年1例疟疾死亡病例分析

目的 分析青岛市2018年1例输入性恶性疟的死亡原因,为预防疟疾死亡病例发生提供参考。方法 访谈接诊医生及患者家属,对患者病历和流行病学调查资料进行分析。结果 患者刘某,男,35岁,青岛市城阳区人,2018年3月19日到科特迪瓦务工,7月17日回国。25日患者到韩国办事,26日下午出现发冷、发热、出汗、头痛、浑身酸痛等症状,26—27日自服退烧药无好转,28日上午到韩国某医院就诊,未明确诊断,下午出现腹泻、呕吐症状,29日下午回国,14∶59到城阳区人民医院就诊,精神萎靡,经询问患者有非洲出国史可能患疟疾,16∶30将患者转诊至疟疾治疗定点医院,17∶50到达青岛市传染病医院时患者呈深昏迷状态,医生考虑患者病情危重且该院正在改建无ICU病房,建议转至有抢救条件的综合医院抢救。19:40患者转入海慈医疗集团ICU病房,21∶00被确诊为恶性疟,因病情危重,患者于30日14∶15死于多脏器功能衰竭。结论 对于输入性疟疾,根据流行病学史、临床症状和实验室检测结果尽早明确诊断,尽早使用抗疟药治疗,是避免出现死亡病例的关键。     

八段锦治疗神经根型颈椎病的系统评价与Meta分析

[目的] 系统评价八段锦治疗神经根型颈椎病的临床疗效。[方法] 计算机检索中国知网数据库（CNKI）、维普资讯中文科技期刊数据库（VIP）、万方数据库（Wan-fang）、中国生物医学文献数据库（SinoMed）、Web of science、Clinical Trials gov、Pubmed、EMBASE、CENTRAL、Cochrane Library，查找出八段锦治疗神经根型颈椎病的随机对照试验（RCT），检索时限均从建库至2019年7月1日。两名研究者按照纳入与排除标准独立进行文献筛选、资料提取和偏倚风险评估，应用RevMan 5.3软件对最后纳入的研究进行Meta分析。[结果] 最终纳入10个RCT，共843例患者。Meta分析结果显示：八段锦+常规治疗与常规治疗比较，其临床疗效的总有效率差异具有统计学意义[OR=4.19，95% CI（2.42，7.26），P<0.000 01]；八段锦+常规治疗与常规治疗+颈部“米”字操比较，其临床疗效的总有效率差异具有统计学意义[OR=3.41，95% CI（1.56，7.46），P=0.002]；八段锦+常规治疗与常规治疗比较，其疼痛视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分差异具有统计学意义[MD=-1.90，95% CI（-1.97，-1.83），P<0.000 01]。[结论] 基于现有的研究，该系统评价显示，与常规治疗相比，八段锦+常规治疗在临床疗效总有效率、VAS评分方面有一定的治疗优势。与常规治疗+颈部“米”字操比较，八段锦+常规治疗在临床疗效的总有效率方面有一定的治疗优势。但由于纳入研究的质量不高，仍需要大样本、多中心、随机、双盲试验及试验参照CONSORT标准和STRICTA声明进行RCT研究。     

Cardiac Denervation for Arrhythmia Treatment with Transesophageal Ultrasonic Strategy in Canine Models

Stellate ganglion (SG) modification has been investigated for arrhythmia treatment. In this study, transesophageal SG imaging and intervention were explored using a homemade 30F integrated focused ultrasonic catheter in healthy mongrel canines in vivo. Anatomic details of SGs were ultrasonically imaged and evaluated. SG had a heterogeneous echoic structure and characteristic profiles sketched by hyper-echoic outlines in an ultrasonogram. Left SGs in the experimental group were successfully ablated through the esophagus under ultrasonic guidance provided by the catheter itself. Two weeks after the ablation, the QT and QTc of the experimental group decreased compared with those of the sham group and at baseline (both p values < 0.001). Histologic examination revealed that left SGs were destroyed. No major complications were observed. This approach may be further explored as a method for ganglia remodeling evaluation and as a strategy of ganglia modification for arrhythmia and for other diseases.     

Hypertension is a risk factor for adverse outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a cohort study

Abstract

Background

Comorbidities are commonly seen in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but the clinical implication is not yet well-delineated. We aim to characterize the prevalence and clinical implications of comorbidities in patients with COVID-19.     

偏瘫性肩痛患者腋囊的MRI观测及临床意义

目的通过MRI技术观察偏瘫患者肩疼痛腋囊形态变化,为影像诊断提供依据。方法对47例偏瘫性肩疼痛患者(疼痛组)和47例正常肩部(对照组),运用MRI技术对肩关节腋囊进行测量,观察腋囊下肱盂韧带信号。结果偏瘫性肩疼痛的腋囊厚度(4.1±1.45)mm,高于对照组。腋囊腔高度(8.70±1.80)mm,腋囊腔宽度(4.31±0.56)mm,小于对照组。偏瘫性肩痛下肱盂韧带呈高信号出现率达21%,腋囊厚度与VAS呈正相关,与肩关节外展外旋呈负相关。结论脑中风中后期肩周炎是引起偏瘫性肩疼痛患者的常见原因,腋囊厚度是限制肩关节活动度的重要因素。