Influence of pain and urinary symptoms on quality of life in young men with chronic prostatitis-like symptoms

BACKGROUND: Our aims in the present study were to estimate the influences of pain and urinary symptoms on quality of life, and to determine which of these two variables has the most predictive power with respect to quality of life in young men with chronic prostatitis-like symptoms. METHODS: Chronic prostatitis-like symptoms were measured by the National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index. Of the 28,841 men aged 20 years who lived in the study community, 18,495 men (a response rate 64.1%) agreed to participate in the study. A total of 1057 men who complained of symptoms indicative of chronic prostatitis were included in the study. The influences of pain and urinary symptoms on quality of life were determined using logistic regression analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to estimate the predictive ability of each of these variables with respect to quality of life. RESULTS: Results from multivariate analysis showed that both pain and urinary symptoms were associated with an increased likelihood of impaired quality of life, although pain contributed more to a reduced quality of life than urinary symptoms. Relative to men who experienced mild pain, men who experienced moderate pain had a 3.9-fold risk of poor quality of life (odds ratio [OR], 3.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.86-5.23; P < 0.001) and those who experienced severe pain had a 15.7-fold risk of reduced quality of life (OR, 15.68; 95% CI, 6.59-37.35; P < 0.001). Moderate urinary symptoms were associated with a 1.4-fold risk of bother (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.01-1.99; P < 0.001) and severe urinary symptoms were associated with 2.4-fold risk (OR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.37-4.12; P < 0.001), relative to mild urinary symptoms. Comparison of the effects of pain and urinary symptoms showed that pain severity had the most predictive power for bother, quality of life, and quality-of-life impact. The areas under the ROC curves for bother, quality of life, and quality-of-life impact were 71.3%, 69.3% and 72.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Urinary symptoms and pain might be associated with an increased likelihood of impaired quality of life in young men with chronic prostatitis-like symptoms. In addition, our findings suggest that pain severity is the most influential variable for determining quality of life in this population.     

Delayed Enhancement of Acetaminophen Hepatotoxicity by General Anesthesia Using Diethyl Ether or Halothane

Delayed Enhancement of Acetaminophen Hepatotoxicity by GeneralAnesthesia Using Diethyl Ether or Halothane. WELLS, P. G., RAMJI,P., AND KU, M. S. W. (1986). Fundam. App. Toxicol 6, 299–306.Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is a widely used analgesic/antipyreticdrug which is enzymatically bioactivated, or toxified, by thecytochromes P-450 to a hepatotoxic reactive intermediary metabolite.Brief general anesthesia with diethyl ether has been shown toinhibit both the toxifying cytochromes P-450 and enzymatic glucuronidation,the latter constituting up to 60% of acetaminophen eliminationvia a nontoxifying pathway. Thus ether potentially could producea temporally differentiated inhibition of bioactivating and"detoxifying" pathways, resulting in an enhancement of acetaminophenhepatotoxicity if the balance favored bioactivation. To evaluatethis possibility, separate groups of male NIH strain mice weretreated with acetaminophen at different times after 5 min ofanesthesia with ether. Ether produced a 40-fold enhancementin acetaminophen hepatotoxicity as determined by plasma glutamic-pyruvictransaminase (GPT) concentrations. This toxicologic enhancementwas observed only if acetaminophen administration was delayed,with a maximal enhancement when acetaminophen was given 6 hrafter ether, and no effect with a delay of 16 hr. Similar studiesin male CD-1 mice were carried out using halothane (Fluothane)as the general anesthetic given either over 5 min or over 1hr. While halothane given over 5 min had no effect, a 1 hr anestheticduration produced a 10-fold increase in acetaminophen hepatotoxicityas determined by peak GPT concentration, with no observed hepatotoxicityin the halothane controls. Toxicologic enhancement occurredonly with delayed administration of acetaminophen; however,the maximal enhancement observed with a 6-hr delay was stillevident with a 12-hr delay. Conversely, inhibition of acetaminophenhepatotoxicity was observed if acetaminophen was given either2 hr or 18 hr after halothane. These observations may have clinicalrelevance, and they indicate potential complications in theinterpretation of results obtained from animals subjected togeneral anesthesia.     

巴西SciELO平台国际化发展策略及启示

【目的】 分析母语非英语国家科技期刊出版策略,为国内期刊国际化发展提供借鉴。【方法】 以巴西SciELO平台为例,通过文献调研、平台调研、双语期刊案例调研等方法剖析巴西期刊出版策略。【结果】 作为国际上首个开放出版平台,SciELO平台更多是面向本国期刊质量提升与评估优化、数字化出版、出版语种平衡及国际影响力提升需要而提出的发展策略。【结论】 SciELO平台本身就是一种国际化策略,发挥了“造船出海“的功能,对整体提升巴西期刊国际影响力具有非常重要的作用,其数字出版平台的牵引作用和语种的平衡发展方式值得我国借鉴。     

慢波睡眠的药理学研究

睡眠有３种成分：浅睡眠、慢波睡眠（ｓｌｏｗｗａｖｅｓｌｅｅｐ,ＳＷＳ）和快眼动睡眠。提出催眠药物开发新构想,即ＳＷＳ是最重要的睡眠成分,选择性增加深睡眠的催眠药物最重要,它将对改善失眠,辅助治疗焦虑症、抑郁症和痴呆症具有重要意义。近十年研究进展包括：（１）腹外侧视前区结节乳头体可能是睡眠觉醒的中枢发生部位。基底前脑吻端ｐＧＤ２敏感性睡眠促进区参与睡眠调节;（２）生长激素释放激素、褪黑激素、ｐＧＤ２、ＩＬ１和腺苷均可增加ＳＷＳ。本系神经药理研究室关于ＳＷＳ的研究工作包括：（１）建立起家兔和大鼠睡眠成分自动分析系统（ａｕｔｏａｎａｌｙｓｉｓｓｌｅｅｐｉｎｇｓｔａｇｅｓｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ,ＡＳＳ）;（２）利用ＡＳＳ研究了免疫增强剂如转移因子、胞壁酰二肽、肿瘤坏死因子,以及５ＨＴ１Ａ受体激动剂和５ＨＴ２受体拮抗剂对睡眠成分的影响;（３）探讨５ＨＴ１Ａ受体、ＲＥＭ睡眠和５ＨＴ２受体间的关系。近十年睡眠调节的研究进展证明“构想”的可行性和正确性,并提示,在中枢可能存在免疫增强ＴＮＦ增多５ＨＴ更新率增加ＳＷＳ途径。激动５ＨＴ１Ａ自身受体与拮抗５ＨＴ２受体有类似效果,二者间有协同作用。开发选择性延长     

反相高效液相色谱法测定甘露药浴颗粒中盐酸麻黄碱的含量

目的以反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)测定甘露药浴颗粒(外用)中盐酸麻黄碱的含量。方法色谱柱:WatersC18(150mm×4.6mm);流动相:水-乙烷-十二烷基硫酸钠-磷酸(650∶350∶5∶1);流速:1.0mL/min;柱温:26℃;检测波长:210nm。结果该方法的线性范围为0.127～0.130μg/μL(r=0.9996,n=5),平均回收率为99.72%,RSD=1.12%。结论本法简便、准确、重现性好,可用于该制剂的质量控制。     

解郁丸抗抑郁作用机制的初步研究

目的 :初步探讨解郁丸抗抑郁作用机制。 方法 :采用高剂量阿朴吗啡导致体温下降试验,5-羟色胺酸(5-HTP)诱导甩头行为试验以及高效液相色谱-电化学检测法测定小鼠下丘脑、皮层、海马等脑内单胺类递质及其代谢产物含量。 结果 :解郁丸能显著拮抗高剂量阿朴吗啡所致小鼠体温下降;增加5-HTP诱导甩头行为。解郁丸单次和连续14 d给药,可提高下丘脑中去甲肾上腺素(NE)、多巴胺(DA)与DA的代谢产物3,4-二羟基苯乙二醇(DOPAC)的比值;也可使皮层中5-HT,NE,5-HT的代谢产物5-羟吲哚乙酸(5-HIAA),DOPAC含量升高,降低5-HT与5-HIAA及DA与DOPAC的比值;并可提高海马中5-HT与5-HIAA及DA与DOPAC的比值。解郁丸可使利血平化小鼠下丘脑中NE,5-HIAA,海马中5-HT,5-HIAA,DA与DOPAC的比值明显升高。 结论 :解郁丸抗抑郁作用机制可能与调节不同脑区的5-HT,NE等神经递质有关。单次和连续14 d给药可增加不同脑区5-HT,NE,DA的含量,连续14 d给药对利血平化所致不同脑区单胺类递质含量下降也有不同程度的翻转效应。     

京都酚的致惊作用

京都酚为-中枢神经系统活性二肽,icv可使小鼠出现惊厥。右旋京都酚致惊活性明显强于左旋体。利血平化动物明显增强京都酚的致惊作用,对于京都酚在利血平化小鼠所引起的惊厥,L-Dopa可使之减弱。5-HTP及纳洛酮可使之增强;抗癫痫药中硝基安定、苯妥英钠和丙戊酸钠可明显延长发作潜伏期,缩短持续时间和减少发作率。     

洛铂联合5-氟尿嘧啶与亚叶酸钙治疗晚期食管癌的Ⅱ期临床研究

目的：评价洛铂联合5-FU与亚叶酸钙治疗晚期食管癌患者的疗效及安全性。方法：对40例未经化疗的晚期食管癌患者。给予以下方案化疗;洛铂50mg,静脉滴注,2h;亚叶酸钙200mg／m^2,静脉滴注,2h,d1～d3;5-FU400mg／m^2,静脉推注,d1～d3;5-FU600mg／m^2,持续静脉滴注,22h,d1～d3。每21d重复。完成2个周期后行疗效评价。结果：可评价疗效病例37例,其中CR1例,PR16例,SD15例,PD5例,总有效率为45．9％（17／37）（95％CI为30％～63％）,其中初治患者的总体疗效为68．2％（15／22）,复治患者中总体疗效为13．3％（2／15）;中住疾病进展时间为6个月。主要不良反应为骨髓抑制,其中白细胞下降Ⅲ,Ⅳ度为21.1％,血红蛋白下降Ⅲ,Ⅳ度为10．0％,血小板下降Ⅲ度为3．3％,未发现Ⅳ度反应。结论：该联合方案显示明显的抗肿瘤作用,与其他含铂方案相比,洛铂不良反应相对较轻,耐受性好。     

日本J-Stage国家期刊传播平台与期刊语种影响研究

【目的】 以J-Stage平台的概况和日本科技期刊的语种分类为基础,深入分析J-Stage的实施细节及其在推动日本科技期刊发展中的关键作用与角色,对我国期刊发展形成启示。【方法】 采用前瞻研究法,从平台架构、组织和功能方面分析J-Stage的发展现状,并结合日本科技期刊的语种分类进行分析。【结果】 J-Stage的特色在于整合全国学术期刊资源、采取公益性运行机制、重视用户体验、不断更新服务、对接国际标准等,对我国期刊平台建设具有一定的借鉴意义。【结论】 J-Stage的建设有利于日本多语种科技期刊的共同发展和国际影响力提升。国家级科技期刊平台不仅是期刊发展的基础设施,还要兼具前瞻性导向作用和精益管理能力。     

改良性治疗法联合西地那非治疗勃起功能障碍维吾尔族患者2505例回顾性分析

目的:性治疗法目前尚未普及,本研究旨在评价性治疗法联合西地那非治疗勃起功能障碍(ED)的疗效。方法:根据治疗方法的不同将在本院治疗随访过的3130例维吾尔族ED患者分成2组。对照组625例,单纯口服西地那非3个月;试验组2505例,采用性治疗法联合西地那非治疗3个月。采用国际勃起功能问卷表(IIEF-5)在各组治疗前、后进行疗效评估,并随访12个月。结果:对照组治疗前、后及在6个月、12个月随访的IIEF-5评分分别为12.80±3.76、18.10±2.61、17.35±2.73和16.64±2.63;试验组治疗前、后及在6个月、12个月随访的IIEF-5评分分别为12.73±3.52、19.06±4.07、19.86±2.42和20.47±2.38。两组治疗前后IIEF-5评分自身对比差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。组间比较,试验组较对照组6个月和12个月随访IIEF-5评分均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:性治疗法联合西地那非治疗ED的效果优于单纯西地那非治疗,并在12个月的随访中稳定性良好。