乌蛇败毒胶囊对接触性皮炎小鼠血清IL-2、TNF-α的影响

目的探讨乌蛇败毒胶囊治疗湿疹的机理。方法采用变应性接触性皮炎小鼠模型,分为模型组,对照组及大、中、小剂量组和空白组,观察各组治疗前后血清IL-2、TNF-α的变化。结果中药组能明显降低模型小鼠血清中IL-2、TNF-α的含量(P<0.01),降低诱发后鼠耳的肿胀度,减少真皮内单一核及多形核白细胞数目(P<0.01)。结论乌蛇败毒胶囊治疗湿疹的部分机理是抑制小鼠Ⅳ型变态反应、降低血清IL-2,TNF-α含量,减轻炎症损伤。     

艾滋病合并马尔尼菲青霉病江西首例报告

目的 分析艾滋病并发马尔尼菲青霉病的发病情况、临床特征、诊断要点。方法 对艾滋病合并马尔尼菲青霉病患者的临床资料进行总结。结果 艾滋病并发马尔尼菲青霉病的患者临床症状呈现多样性，但以马尔尼菲青霉病的表现为主。结论 艾滋病且易并发马尔尼菲青霉病，应引起临床高度重视。     

Selected components of physical fitness in rhythmic and artistic youth gymnast

Purpose

Rhythmic (RG) and artistic gymnastics (AG) are very popular female sports. These two disciplines share some common points but, at the same time, they display some relevant differences in terms of physical and technical characteristics. The aim of this study was as follows: (1) to clarify how gymnastic training background over the years could lead to the development and motor learning of the motor skills and (2) to highlight differences of conditional skills achieved by RG and AG athletes.

Methods

For these aims, 45 athletes were selected, belonging to three balanced groups: promotional (PG, n?=?15), RG (n?=?15), and AG (n?=?15). Participants were tested for joints mobility, balance, explosive strength, speed, and endurance tests.

Results

Statistical analysis showed a good test–retest reliability of the measurements (ICC?>?0.870) and some significant differences between PG, RG, and AG. RG showed higher values in joint mobility tests (coxo-femoral mobility, 166.7?±?6.3°; sit and reach, 20.5?±?1.9 cm; and scapulo-humeral mobility, 45.5?±?4.4 cm) with respect to AG, while AG showed higher values in endurance (1626.7?±?7.4 m), balance (4.33?±?1.35 n/60 s), and explosive strength (164.1?±?11.6 cm) compared to RG (p?<?0.05).

Conclusion

RG and AG seem to be effective in enhancing different and sport-specific physical fitness and conditioning. RG enables, indeed, to develop more joints mobility whereas AG improves more strength, balance, and endurance. However, given the small sample size employed, these results should be replicated by further studies utilizing larger samples.

     

Do Overweight People Have Worse Cognitive Flexibility? Cues-Triggered Food Craving May Have a Greater Impact

Background: Overweight people have been revealed to have poor cognitive flexibility. Cognitive flexibility reflects proactive and reactive control abilities. However, the impairment had not been explicitly positioned at the cognitive stage. Therefore, this study provides increased support for impairment of cognitive flexibility due to overweight. Method: The study included 34 overweight and 35 normal-weight participants. They were required to complete the food and flower target AX-continuous performance test (AX–CPT), including the resting-state fMRI and cue-triggered food craving subscales. We compared the performance difference between the two tasks. Furthermore, we investigated whether the cue-triggered food cravings and the corresponding brain regions mediated the effect of overweight on the two control mechanisms. Result: Significant differences were found only in the food target AX-CPT task, where overweight participants performed worse. Cue-triggered food cravings mediated this relationship. Additionally, we found that the brain regions associated with cue-triggered food cravings (bilateral SFG) can completely mediate the relationship between BMI and the z-value of the fat mass index and sensitivity to proactive control. Conclusion: In the food target task, overweight participants performed worse in both control mechanisms. Moreover, we also revealed the potential mechanism by which being overweight might affect the two control mechanisms through cue-triggered food cravings.     

参苓白术散联合赖氨肌醇维B12口服溶液与小儿消食颗粒治疗儿童厌食症临床研究

目的:观察参苓白术散联合赖氨肌醇维B_(12)口服溶液与小儿消食颗粒治疗儿童厌食症的临床疗效。方法:采用随机数字表法将96例厌食症患儿分为观察组及对照组各48例。2组均口服小儿消食颗粒、赖氨肌醇维B_(12)口服溶液,观察组加予参苓白术散联合治疗。2组均治疗1个月。治疗前后评定中医证候积分,观察临床症状的变化情况与不良反应发生情况,比较2组的临床疗效。结果:治疗后,临床疗效总有效率观察组97.92%,对照组75.00%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。2组脾虚、食滞、痰浊、气滞、湿热积分均较治疗前下降(P0.05),观察组5项积分均低于对照组(P0.05)。2组拒食、体质量减轻、便秘、间接性腹痛情况均较治疗前有所改善,观察组4项症状的改善情况均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。2组患儿在治疗期间均未出现过敏反应、胃肠道反应等不良反应。结论:应用参苓白术散联合赖氨肌醇维B_(12)口服溶液、小儿消食颗粒治疗儿童厌食症,可显著改善患儿的临床症状,提高食欲,增加食量,疗效确切,且较为安全。     

肺炎克雷伯杆菌肺部感染60例的临床和耐药性研究

目的 了解肺炎克雷伯杆菌肺部感染的临床特征,研究该菌产超广谱β－内酰胺酶（ESBL）的耐药特点。方法 从临床资料,症状和体征,胸部X线检查、治疗和转归等方面分析60例肺炎克雷伯杆菌所致肺感染的临床特征。并用纸片法检测肺炎克雷伯杆菌的体外药敏,60例中34例（56．7％）行ESBL检测。用阿米卡星等16种抗生素,对该菌的体外耐药性行初步研究。结果 60例患者中93．3％的患者有基础疾病,临床症状以发热、咳嗽、咳痰为主,胸部X线大叶肺实变（26．7％）,小叶浸润（58．3％）和肺脓肿（15％）的形成为主要病变,有11例（18．3％）,叶间隙呈弧形下坠形成肺炎克雷伯杆菌肺感染的特殊X线征象。60例患者中,ESBL检测阴性和未行ESBL检测的克雷伯杆菌对多种抗生素较敏感。但产ESBL的肺炎克雷伯杆菌对多种抗生素均交叉耐药,所有受试菌对亚胺培南和含β－内酰胺酶抑制剂的复合抗生素均敏感。结论 肺炎克雷伯杆菌肺感染患者多有基础疾病,临床表现不典型。诊断依靠病原菌并结合临床和X线检查,治疗应根据药敏测定,选择敏感抗生素。联合艇药效果较好。对产ESBL的肺炎克雷伯杆菌引起肺部感染者,应用亚胺培南或含β－内酰胺酶抑制剂的复合物,或者选用药敏测定显示敏感的药物。     

Golimumab and malignancies: true or false association?

Malignancy is one of the comorbidities linked to golimumab, a biological TNF-α blocker. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched different databases and analyzed original publications to elucidate the remaining open question about the real association of malignancies with golimumab therapy. The most frequent cancer in patients treated with golimumab, in association or not with methotrexate, is the lung adenocarcinoma. However, lymphoma is not very commonly represented in these patients. We show that there is no major and evident risk of malignancies associated with golimumab in current scientific literature. An increased risk of malignancies may be associated with golimumab, but this warrants further clinical confirmation. Also, this risk mentioned in different studies must be taken with caution because of number of limits and biases.     

幼儿阅读心理探析及其教育策略

早期阅读是幼儿学习书面语言的活动,是幼儿开始接触书面语言行为的表现[1]。从儿童心理学角度来看,阅读既是儿童认知的重要形式,是幼儿认识世界、探究世界的重要手段,也是儿童心理良好发展的重要途径。早期阅读是一个复杂的心理过程。在这个过程中,幼儿产生了注意、记忆、想象、思维等心理现象,幼儿边阅读、边联想、边思索,可培养良好的注意力、记忆力、想象力、抽象思维能力以及语言表达能力等认知能力。