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de Souza TK e Silva MB Gomes AR de Oliveira HM Moraes RB de Freitas Barbosa CT Guedes RC 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》2011,214(3):463-469
Cortical spreading depression (CSD) is influenced by brain excitability and is related to neurological diseases, such as epilepsy.
In vitro evidence indicates that neuronal electrical activity is potentiated after CSD. Malnutrition can cause electrophysiological
changes in the brain, both in animals and in humans. Here, we investigated in vivo whether CSD potentiates the amplitude of
electrocorticogram (ECoG) and of transcallosal evoked responses in adult well-nourished (W), early-malnourished (M), and food-restricted
rats. ECoG amplitudes were compared before and after CSD, at two parietal regions (designated the anterior and posterior regions).
In the anterior region, post-CSD amplitudes of the ECoG waves were 13–23% higher (P < 0.05) than the pre-CSD values in all groups. In the posterior region, amplitudes increased 22% in the M group only (P < 0.05). In a fourth CSD-free group, ECoG amplitude did not change during the four recording hours. Transcallosal electrically
evoked cortical responses also increased 21.5 ± 9.6% and 41.8 ± 28.5%, after CSD, in the W and M conditions, respectively,
as compared to pre-CSD values. The data support the hypothesis of an in vivo CSD potentiation on cortical excitability as
recorded by spontaneous and evoked electrical activity and modulation by nutritional status. 相似文献
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Ufuk Tütün Ferit Ci?ek?io?lu Baran Budak Mehtap Temürtürkan A Ihsan Parlar Mustafa Seren A Tulga Ulus S Fehmi Katircio?lu 《Anadolu kardiyoloji dergisi》2007,7(2):158-163
OBJECTIVE: The study aim was to investigate the effect of blood glucose level on atherosclerotic lesion distribution and the contribution to the operative mortality/morbidity in diabetic patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). METHODS: Between 1986-2003, a total of 2095 patients with diabetes mellitus underwent CABG. The analysis was carried out retrospectively from the clinical records. The patients were divided into four groups according to the blood glucose levels that were obtained when they first applied to hospital; Group 1 (492 patients with blood glucose < 120 mg/dl), group 2 (1112 patients with blood glucose - 120-200 mg/dl, group 3 (261 patients with blood glucose 201-250 mg/dl) and group 4 (230 patients with blood glucose > 250 mg/dl). One way ANOVA test was used for the statistical analysis of continuous variables and Chi-square test was used for analyzing the categorical variables. RESULTS: Emergent operation rate due to acute ischemia gradually increased from Group 1 to Group 4 and reached 6.6% in Group 4 (p=0.005). Operation time and the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass and cross clamp were significantly longer in patients with high blood glucose levels (p<0.05). Necessity for inotropic drug administration postoperatively (p<0.05) and mechanical support (p<0.05) were significantly higher also. The hospital mortality in group 3 was 9.6% and in group 4 was 11.3% (p=0.09). No statistically significant difference was found in terms of morbidity between the groups (p>0.05). The multi-vessel coronary artery disease was more common in groups with high blood glucose level (p<0.05). As the blood glucose level raised, patients were more frequently (p<0.05) confronted with distal left anterior descending artery, middle circumflex artery and right coronary artery lesions. CONCLUSION: Uncontrolled blood glucose level not only increased the perioperative complications but also the incidence of middle and distal coronary artery lesions. It is necessary to diagnose and aggressively treat the high blood glucose level especially before the CABG. 相似文献
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Ríos A Conesa C Ramírez P Galindo PJ Rodríguez JM Rodríguez MM Martínez L Parrilla P;Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa: Estrategias para Optimizar los Resultados en Donacíon y Trasplante Red C/ 《Transplantation proceedings》2006,38(3):869-874
OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to analyze acceptance of cadaveric and living organ donation for transplantation among resident doctors, given that they are the new professionals of medicine who will have to encourage and develop transplant programs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A random survey was performed on resident doctors in a third-level hospital with an organ transplant program which is accredited for undergraduate and postgraduate education (n = 171). Attitudes toward cadaveric and living donation were evaluated using a questionnaire including various psychosocial variables that might affect such attitudes. We used the Student t test and the chi-square test. RESULTS: The sample was composed of responses by 171 resident doctors of mean age 28 +/- 4 years with 56% women. Attitudes toward cadaveric donation were favorable in 92% (n = 157). As for living donation, the percentage in favor of nonrelated donation was low: 23% for kidney and 19% for liver. However, when the donation was from a relative, the percentages increased to levels similar to those of cadaveric donation, namely 88% and 85% for kidney and liver, respectively. No differences were observed in attitudes toward cadaveric or living donation according to various psychosocial variables. CONCLUSIONS: The trainee doctors showed favorable attitudes toward human cadaveric organ donation as well as living related donation, which suggests a relaunch of living donors in the near future. However, there was not much acceptance of nonrelated donation, as has also been seen in studies of the general public in our geographical area. 相似文献
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Fernández-Rodríguez OM Ríos A Navarro JL Pons JA Palenciano CG Mota R Berenguer JJ Mulero F Contreras J Conesa C Ramírez P Fuente T Parrilla P;Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa: Estrategias para Optimizar los Resultados en Donacíon y Trasplante Red C/ 《Transplantation proceedings》2006,38(3):963-966
OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to evaluate liver graft integrity and function using scintigraphy and ultrasonography in a porcine model of auxiliary heterotopic liver transplantation with portal vein arterialization (AHLT-PVA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using Doppler ultrasonography we evaluated eight AHLT-PVA by parenchymal echogenicity, portal and arterial anatomy, and portal and biliary system flow. Two types of scintigraphy were performed: microaggregated human albumin colloid scintigraphy and diisopropyl iminodiacetic acid (DISIDA) scintigraphy, both labeled with 99mTc. RESULTS: The animals were distributed into two groups. The first group consisted of three animals with clinical suspicion of graft dysfunction, in which the ultrasonographic study revealed areas of parenchymal destructuring. In the scintigraphic study, heterogenous uptake was observed; there was no uptake in one animal. Necropsy of these three animals revealed areas of graft necrosis. The second group consisted of five animals with good clinical evolutions, in which the ultrasonographic study showed portal dilation, portal flow with arterial spiculations, and homogenous echogenicity of the hepatic parenchyma. The scintigraphic study revealed homogenous uptake by the graft and an elimination speed of the hepatobiliary agent similar to that of the native liver. CONCLUSIONS: An heterogenous echostructure of the graft provided a sign of poor prognosis indicating necrosis in the same way as heterogenous uptake or nonuptake of radioisotope upon scintigraphy. Scintigraphy is a good method to evaluate biliary function and bile elimination. In an AHLT-PVA, the main ultrasound findings derived from arterialization were dilation of the portal system and portal flow with arterial spiculations. 相似文献
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Emilie Ramberg Maria Olausson Tem Bendix Salkvist Jørgensen Malene Lindholmer Nepper Priya Bhardwaj Tomas Sorm Binko Jan Roland Petersen Gitte Gleerup Fornitz 《The American journal of emergency medicine》2017,35(1):136-143
Aims
Assessment of right ventricular (RV) function in acute pulmonary embolism (PE) has prognostic significance. The aim of this study was to evaluate right atrium (RA) and RV myocardial damage with 2-dimensional speckle-tracking in patients with an acute central vs an acute peripheral PE.Methods and Results
Twenty-six patients with acute PE and 10 controls were retrospectively enrolled. Right atrium and RV myocardial deformation was analyzed using speckle-tracking imaging echocardiography. Parameters were evaluated to illustrate myocardial damage in patients with a central or a peripherally located PE.Thirteen of the enrolled patients had a massive central PE, and thirteen subjects had a peripheral located PE. Baseline characteristics were not significantly different between the 3 groups besides a more elevated heart rate among patients with a central PE (P = .02) and a tendency of an increased D-dimer in this group. Right ventricular dimensions were more affected among patients with a PE. Compared with controls, segmental RV and RA strain/strain rate in the free wall was significantly reduced in patients with PE (P < .05). No difference was shown between the 2 groups of PE.Conclusion
This pilot study suggests that basal-/mid-segments of RA and RV free wall are more affected in patients with a PE compared with controls. Interestingly, we found no significant difference in myocardial RA and RV damage between patients with a central and a peripheral PE. We advocate that PE no matter central or peripheral is a serious condition and that a peripheral PE has to be intensively treated similar to a central PE. 相似文献8.
Vigil-De Gracia P Lasso M Ruiz E Vega-Malek JC de Mena FT López JC;or the HYLA treatment study 《European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology》2006,128(1-2):157-162
OBJECTIVE: The objective was to compare the safety and efficacy of intravenous labetalol and intravenous hydralazine for acutely lowering blood pressure in pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN: Two hundred women with severe hypertension in pregnancy were randomized to receive hydralazine (5 mg as a slow bolus dose given intravenously, and repeated every 20 min up to a maximum of five doses) or labetalol (20-mg intravenous bolus dose followed by 40 mg if not effective within 20 min, followed by 80 mg every 20 min up to a maximum dose of 300 mg). The primary end point was successful lowering of blood pressure and maternal hypotension. RESULTS: Women were similar with respect to characteristics at randomization. No significant differences were observed for maternal hypotension or persistent severe hypertension; only two patients in the hydralazine group presented with hypotension. Palpitations (p=0.01) and maternal tachycardia (p=0.05) occurred significantly more often in patients treated with hydralazine. The main neonatal outcomes were very similar per group; however, hypotension and bradycardia were significantly more frequent in the labetalol group. There were two neonatal deaths per antihypertensive drug group. CONCLUSIONS: This randomized clinical trial shows that labetalol and hydralazine fulfill the criteria required for an antihypertensive drug to treat severe hypertension in pregnancy. 相似文献
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Understanding the Potential for Patient Engagement in Electronic Consultation and Referral Systems: Lessons From One Safety Net System
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Hepatocellular carcinoma‐associated single‐nucleotide variants and deletions identified by the use of genome‐wide high‐throughput analysis of hepatitis B virus
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Yen‐Chien Lee Chih‐Peng Lin Ji‐Hong Cheng Yih‐Jyh Lin Chia‐Jui Yen Pin‐Nan Cheng Pei‐Fu Li Yi‐Ting Cheng Pei‐Wen Cheng Koun‐Tem Sun Shu‐Ling Yan Jia‐Jhen Lin Jui‐Chu Yang Kung‐Chao Chang Cheng‐Hsun Ho Vincent S Tseng Bill Chia‐Han Chang Jaw‐Ching Wu Ting‐Tsung Chang 《The Journal of pathology》2017,243(2):176-192
This study investigated hepatitis B virus (HBV) single‐nucleotide variants (SNVs) and deletion mutations linked with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Ninety‐three HCC patients and 108 non‐HCC patients were enrolled for HBV genome‐wide next‐generation sequencing (NGS) analysis. A systematic literature review and a meta‐analysis were performed to validate NGS‐defined HCC‐associated SNVs and deletions. The experimental results identified 60 NGS‐defined HCC‐associated SNVs, including 41 novel SNVs, and their pathogenic frequencies. Each SNV was specific for either genotype B (n = 24) or genotype C (n = 34), except for nt53C, which was present in both genotypes. The pathogenic frequencies of these HCC‐associated SNVs showed a distinct U‐shaped distribution pattern. According to the meta‐analysis and literature review, 167 HBV variants from 109 publications were categorized into four levels (A–D) of supporting evidence that they are associated with HCC. The proportion of NGS‐defined HCC‐associated SNVs among these HBV variants declined significantly from 75% of 12 HCC‐associated variants by meta‐analysis (Level A) to 0% of 10 HCC‐unassociated variants by meta‐analysis (Level D) (P < 0.0001). PreS deletions were significantly associated with HCC, in terms of deletion index, for both genotypes B (P = 0.030) and C (P = 0.049). For genotype C, preS deletions involving a specific fragment (nt2977–3013) were significantly associated with HCC (HCC versus non‐HCC, 6/34 versus 0/32, P = 0.025). Meta‐analysis of preS deletions showed significant association with HCC (summary odds ratio 3.0; 95% confidence interval 2.3–3.9). Transfection of Huh7 cells showed that all of the five novel NGS‐defined HCC‐associated SNVs in the small surface region influenced hepatocarcinogenesis pathways, including endoplasmic reticulum‐stress and DNA repair systems, as shown by microarray, real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Their carcinogenic mechanisms are worthy of further research. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献