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排序方式: 共有189条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Maya Nitecki Boris Taran Itay Ketko Gil Geva Roey Yosef Itay Toledo Gilad Twig Eva Avramovitch Barak Gordon Estela Derazne Noam Fink Ariel Furer 《Clinical microbiology and infection》2021,27(4):618-623
ObjectiveTo assess the utility of self-reported symptoms in identifying positive coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases among predominantly healthy young adults in a military setting.MethodsA questionnaire regarding COVID-19 symptoms and exposure history was administered to all individuals contacting the Israeli Defence Forces Corona call-centre, before PCR testing. Surveyed symptoms included cough, fever, sore throat, rhinorrhoea, loss of taste or smell, chest pain and gastrointestinal symptoms. Factors were compared between positive and negative cases based on confirmatory test results, and positive likelihood ratios (LR) were calculated. Results were stratified by sex, body mass index, previous medical history and dates of questioning, and a multivariable analysis for association with positive test was conducted.ResultsOf 24 362 respondents, 59.1% were men with a median age of 20.5 years (interquartile range 19.6–22.4 years). Significant positive LRs were associated with loss of taste or smell (LR 3.38, 95% CI 3.01–3.79), suspected exposure (LR 1.33, 95% CI 1.28–1.39) and fever (LR 1.26, 95% CI 1.17–1.36). Those factors were also associated with positive PCR result in a multivariable analysis (OR 3.51, 95% CI 3.04–4.06; OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.65–2.09; and OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.19–1.51, respectively). Reports of loss of taste or smell increased gradually over time and were significantly more frequent during the late period of the study (63/5231, 1.21%; 156/7941, 1.96%; and 1505/11 190, 13.45%: p < 0.001).ConclusionLoss of taste or smell, report of a suspicious exposure and fever (>37.5°C) were consistently associated with positive LRs for a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test result, in a population of predominantly young and healthy adults. 相似文献
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Leo M. Taran 《The American journal of medicine》1947,2(3):285-295
The treatment of acute rheumatic fever and acute rheumatic heart disease with failure was discussed in this morning's seminar. The efficacy of chemotherapy in the prevention of rheumatic recurrences was questioned. Massive salicylate therapy for acute rheumatic fever was considered effective in changing the course of rheumatic polyarthritis and early carditis. The benefits derived from sanatorium type of care for the protracted case of rheumatic disease were described and the principles underlying the aims of this type of care were delineated. Digitalis in the treatment of acute rheumatic carditis with failure was considered of limited value. Finally, the use of high concentrations of oxygen in the treatment of acute carditis was discussed. It was pointed out that while oxygen therapy may not influence the duration of rheumatic activity, it seems to lessen the cardiac disability resulting from carditis. Some of the physiologic principles responsible for the salutory effects of oxygen therapy were presented. 相似文献
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Nikolay Taran Rola Farah Mark DiFrancesco Mekibib Altaye Jennifer Vannest Scott Holland Keri Rosch Bradley L. Schlaggar Tzipi HorowitzKraus 《Human brain mapping》2022,43(5):1720
Poor phonological processing has typically been considered the main cause of dyslexia. However, visuo‐attentional processing abnormalities have been described as well. The goal of the present study was to determine the involvement of visual attention during fluent reading in children with dyslexia and typical readers. Here, 75 children (8–12 years old; 36 typical readers, 39 children with dyslexia) completed cognitive and reading assessments. Neuroimaging data were acquired while children performed a fluent reading task with (a) a condition where the text remained on the screen (Still) versus (b) a condition in which the letters were being deleted (Deleted). Cognitive assessment data analysis revealed that visual attention, executive functions, and phonological awareness significantly contributed to reading comprehension in both groups. A seed‐to‐voxel functional connectivity analysis was performed on the fluency functional magnetic resonance imaging task. Typical readers showed greater functional connectivity between the dorsal attention network and the left angular gyrus while performing the Still and Deleted reading tasks versus children with dyslexia. Higher connectivity values were associated with higher reading comprehension. The control group showed increased functional connectivity between the ventral attention network and the fronto‐parietal network during the Deleted text condition (compared with the Still condition). Children with dyslexia did not display this pattern. The results suggest that the synchronized activity of executive, visual attention, and reading‐related networks is a pattern of functional integration which children with dyslexia fail to achieve. The present evidence points toward a critical role of visual attention in dyslexia. 相似文献
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Jeffrey M. Rothschild Thomas H. Lee Taran Bae David W. Bates 《J Am Med Inform Assoc》2002,9(3):223-229
Objective: Problems involving drug knowledge are one of the most common causes of serious medication errors. Although the information that clinicians need is often available somewhere, retrieving it expeditiously has been problematic. At the same time, clinicians are faced with an ever-expanding pharmacology knowledge base. Recently, point-of-care technology has become more widely available and more practical with the advent of handheld, or palmtop, computing. Therefore, the authors evaluated the clinical contribution of a drug database developed for the handheld computer. ePocrates Rx (formerly known as qRx; ePocrates, San Carlos, California) is a comprehensive drug information guide that is downloadable free from the Internet and designed for the Palm OS platform align="right".Design: A seven-day online survey of 3,000 randomly selected ePocrates Rx users was conducted during March 2000.Measurements: User technology experience, product evaluation and usage patterns, and the effects of the drug reference database on information-seeking behavior, practice efficiency, decision making, and patient care.Results: The survey response rate was 32 percent (n=946). Physicians reported that ePocrates Rx saves time during information retrieval, is easily incorporated into their usual workflow, and improves drug-related decision making. They also felt that it reduced the rate of preventable adverse drug events.Conclusions: Self-reported perceptions by responding clinicians endorse improved access to drug information and improved practice efficiency associated with the use of handheld devices. The clinical and practical value of using these devices in clinical settings will clearly grow further as wireless communication becomes more ubiquitous and as more applications become available.Medical knowledge is growing exponentially,1 especially in the field of therapeutics. Pharmacologic advances have resulted in an ever-increasing variety of medications for clinicians to employ in patient care. Medications frequently have complex dosing regimens, changing indications, unique contraindications, and multiple drug–drug interactions and can cause serious adverse reactions. Because of the limitations of human memory,2,3 it has become increasingly difficult for clinicians to keep up to date on the prescribing requirements of drugs, especially recently approved drugs.4Inquiries about drugs are one of the most frequent questions that clinicians have.5 This makes point-of -care technology—which can provide prescribing information at the bedside, on the hospital ward, and in the office examining room—especially attractive.6 Such technology has the potential to reduce the information search times of physicians, and such access may reduce the likelihood of incorrect and harmful drug-prescribing behavior.7Adverse drug events (ADEs), or injuries due to drugs, are frequent in a variety of patient care settings. Many are preventable and may be associated with significant patient injury.8–11 Data suggest that drug knowledge deficiencies are the single most common systems cause of serious medication errors in inpatients.12 Recent publicity has encouraged public and private support for patient safety improvements, including building safer medication practices.10,11,13Several drug reference guides designed for use on handheld, or palmtop, computers have recently become commercially available, including ePocrates Rx (formerly known as qRx; ePocrates, San Carlos, California), a comprehensive drug information application. We sought to survey physician users to assess their experience incorporating handheld electronic drug reference guides into routine patient care. 相似文献
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PURPOSE: This study examined relationships between 3rd graders' metalinguistic skills (phonological and morphological awareness), reading skills (decoding and word identification), and accurate stress production in derived words with stress-changing suffixes. METHOD: Seventy-six typically developing 3rd-grade children (M=8;8[years;months]) participated in a battery of tests measuring general oral language ability, phonological and morphological awareness skills, reading skills, and derived word production. RESULTS: Significant positive correlations between stress accuracy in derived words and all other measures were found. Two multiple regressions were run, one with stress accuracy as the outcome variable and the other with decoding as the outcome variable. Metalinguistic and decoding skills independently accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in derived word stress production beyond that accounted for by age and general oral language ability. When decoding was the outcome variable, accurate stress production explained a significant amount of variance (11%) after phonological and morphological awareness were controlled. CONCLUSION: The relationship between accurate stress production and decoding appears to be strong and bidirectional. Possibly, the stress accuracy measure taps into another level of phonological awareness (i.e., morphophonological awareness), which develops later than typical segmental measures of phonological awareness. 相似文献
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O I Taran N V Katushkina V M Za?des L M Selimova V E Berezin 《Voprosy virusologii》1986,31(4):457-466
Behavior of HBsAg in adsorption chromatography of the antigen-containing plasma in a column with unmodified macropore silica was studied. Under the employed conditions of overlaying and elution, five maximum yields of plasma proper proteins from the column (peaks 1-5) were observed. HBsAg was determined mainly in the material of peaks 4 and 5 in which the dominating host protein was lipoprotein HDL. No HBsAg was detected in albumin-enriched fraction. Similarities of chromatographic behavior of all the three classes of particles whose surface is presented by HBsAg, 20 nm particles, filamentous forms, and Dane particles, were observed. 相似文献