计算机2000年问题对医院的影响及对策

计算机２０００年问题对医院最明显的影响是计算机系统届时交病的信息丢失,财务系统不能正常工作,网络瘫痪等。此外,由于嵌入式问题将造成医疗设备运行混乱,从而危及病人的生命和健康。医院应采取的对策是：认知计算机２０００年问题,产品清查,确定问题范围,对问题进行评估,制定应急计划,制定解决方案,具有体实施和检验验证。     

Ministry of Health clinical practice guidelines: schizophrenia

The Ministry of Health (MOH) has updated the clinical practice guidelines on Schizophrenia to provide doctors and patients in Singapore with evidence-based treatment for schizophrenia. This article reproduces the introduction and executive summary (with recommendations from the guidelines) from the MOH clinical practice guidelines on Schizophrenia, for the information of readers of the Singapore Medical Journal. Chapters and page numbers mentioned in the reproduced extract refer to the full text of the guidelines, which are available from the Ministry of Health website: http://www.moh.gov. sg/mohcorp/publications.aspx?id=26138. The recommendations should be used with reference to the full text of the guidelines. Following this article are multiple choice questions based on the full text of the guidelines.     

中国脑出血疾病的直接费用负担现状及其问题

根据国内92家医疗单位上传的2464例出血性脑卒中病历中的经济学调查资料．估算了我国脑出血疾病的直接经济负担，描述了脑出血患者的医疗保障现状，以及脑出血外科治疗的单病种费用和构成：就我国脑出血疾病患者医疗保障及其费用控制等有关问题进行了初步讨论。     

A new solution synthesis of locust adipokinetic hormone

An alternative synthesis of locust adipokinetic hormone (AKH-I) is described using the pentafluorophenyl ester method. During purification a by-product (ca. 20%) was isolated and characterized as [Thr(Bzl)]⁵-AKH-I. Hydrogenolytic cleavage of this benzyl ether bond could not be pursued to completion because partial saturation of the indole ring of Trp started. Thus, this protecting group combination should preferably be avoided. AKH-I had no effect on the central nervous system of vertebrates.     

1997年全国基层医院和卫生院人力资源配备与利用情况分析

通过对全国卫生统计资料的分析,得出的结论是:我国基层医院和卫生院的卫生资源总量已趋饱和,卫生人员业务素质有持提高,人力资源的利用效率较低。据此,提出基层医院和卫生院制定卫生人力规划时应注意的几个问题。     

Molecular characterization of hepatitis B virus surface antigen mutants in Singapore patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis B virus carriers negative for HBsAg but positive for anti‐HBs and anti‐HBc

Background and Aims : Mutations on the a‐determinant of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg), capable of escaping detection and vaccination, are identified in HBsAg‐positive/anti‐HBs‐positive vaccinated infants. We studied the prevalence of these mutants in HBsAg‐negative/anti‐HBc‐positive chronic HBV carriers and patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods : DNA sequence coding for the antigenic a‐determinant of HBsAg was amplified from either HCC genomic DNA or serum samples of the selected patients and sequenced. The replicative mutant genomes were reconstituted in vitro and their reactivity to commercial kits measured. Results : Mutations within and/or outside the a‐determinant were identified in patients seronegative for HBsAg. They were then reconstituted in vitro and transiently transfected into HepG2 cells. Culture medium containing secreted HBV viral particles was collected and assayed for their binding to commercial kits. Drastic decrease of reactivity to these kits was seen with most of the identified mutations, including those located outside the a‐determinant. Conclusion : The existence of a more complex antigenic structure of HBsAg is indicated by the decreased reactivity to detection of mutations, some of which are outside the a‐determinant, escape vaccination and may persist in seronegative patients. The high proportion of HBsAg mutants that are integrated in HCC genomes suggests a role of these mutants in hepatocarcinogenesis, possibly leading to mutant HBV‐related HCC. © 2002 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd