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BackgroundMany pharmacists use motivational interviewing as a tool to inspire patients to engage in managing their health. Assessing patient engagement and willingness to actively participate in chronic disease management is a necessary component in improving activation and health outcomes. The patient activation measure (PAM) is a validated assessment tool used to give providers insight into a patient’s level of confidence, knowledge, and skills in self-managing their health. In 2017, 2 pharmacists conducted patient home visits using care coordinators to identify patients who would benefit from pharmacist intervention. The PAM-13 was integrated into the pharmacist-led home visits to collect information on patient activation and engagement in addressing their own health problems.ObjectivesTo describe the implementation of the PAM-13 in pharmacist-led patient home visits and to analyze the collected patient PAM-13 scores and levels to determine whether change occurred after meeting with a pharmacist.MethodsThe PAM was used as part of a pilot program involving pharmacist-led patient home visits to assess drug-related problems within a cohort of high-risk rural patients with uncontrolled chronic conditions.ResultsDuring this 6-month study, PAM-13 scores decreased in 3 patients, increased in 9 patients, and did not change in 2 patients whereas PAM-13 levels decreased in 2 patients, increased in 7 patients, and did not change for 5 patients.ConclusionPAM-13 was used as part of a pilot program involving pharmacist-led patient home visits with a cohort of high-risk rural patients with uncontrolled hypertension and diabetes. PAM-13 is a useful tool that could help pharmacists provide targeted motivational interviewing and medication management by assessing and improving patient activation and engagement.  相似文献   
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Objective

To understand rural patient opinions regarding their willingness to participate in pharmacist-provided chronic condition management.

Design

Qualitative semi-structured key informant interview using The Concept of Access as a theoretical framework.

Setting

Three community pharmacies serving patients in rural Washington State from November 2016 to November 2017.

Participants

Current patients from 3 rural independent community pharmacies.

Main Outcome Measures

Qualitative analysis of patient attitudes, acceptance, perceptions, and preferences regarding pharmacist-provided chronic condition management services in a community pharmacy.

Results

Eighteen key informant interviews were conducted between November 2016 and November 2017. Five themes were identified: trust between the pharmacist, patient, and physician is key; patients already value pharmacists’ knowledge about chronic condition medications; participants identified the pharmacist as the first point of contact with regard to understanding appropriate use of medications to treat medical conditions; implementing clinical services in the community pharmacy setting may reduce the need for doctors’ visits and improve timely patient care; and creating designated clinical space, appointment options, and efficient service may increase patient accommodation.

Conclusion

Management of chronic conditions continues to be one of the largest health care expenditures in the United States. One promising method of addressing this public health concern is through sustainable clinical pharmacy services. The themes identified in this study provide insight into factors that community pharmacists might consider as medical provider status continues to gain momentum and the use of clinical pharmacy services becomes more prominent.  相似文献   
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