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1.
Kimberly B. Glazer Kendrin R. Sonneville Nadia Micali Sonja A. Swanson Ross Crosby Nicholas J. Horton Kamryn T. Eddy Alison E. Field 《The Journal of adolescent health》2019,64(2):165-171
Purpose
To quantify eating disorder (ED) stability and diagnostic transition among a community-based sample of adolescents and young adult females in the United States.Methods
Using 11 prospective assessments from 9,031 U.S. females ages 9–15 years at baseline of the Growing Up Today Study, we classified cases of the following EDs involving bingeing and purging: bulimia nervosa (BN), binge ED, purging disorder (PD), and subthreshold variants defined by less frequent (monthly vs. weekly) bingeing and purging behaviors. We measured number of years symptomatic and probability of maintaining symptoms, crossing to another diagnosis, or resolving symptoms across consecutive surveys.Results
Study lifetime disorder prevalence was 2.1% for BN and roughly 6% each for binge ED and PD. Most cases reported symptoms during only one survey year. Twenty-six percent of cases crossed between diagnoses during follow-up. Among participants meeting full threshold diagnostic criteria, transition from BN was most prevalent, crossing most frequently from BN to PD (12.9% of BN cases). Within each disorder phenotype, 20%–40% of cases moved between subthreshold and full threshold criteria across consecutive surveys.Conclusions
Diagnostic crossover is not rare among adolescent and young adult females with an ED. Transition patterns from BN to PD add support for considering these classifications in the same diagnostic category of disorders that involve purging. The prevalence of crossover between monthly and weekly symptom frequency suggests that a continuum or staging approach may increase utility of ED classification for prognostic and therapeutic intervention. 相似文献2.
Decreases in sex hormone levels with menopause may bring about a number of consequences in women's general health and sexual well-being, especially when levels decline suddenly and prematurely, as in surgical menopause. In addition to the well-established role of estrogens in preserving the biological basis of sexual response, there is emerging evidence that androgens are significant independent determinants affecting sexual desire, activity and satisfaction, as well as mood, energy and other components of women's health. Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD), a persistent absence of sexual fantasies or thoughts and/or desire for and receptivity to sexual activity that causes personal distress, is experienced by some postmenopausal women. Even though conventional hormone therapy with estrogens or estrogens and progestogens may be effective for vaginal atrophy, increasing vaginal lubrication and reducing dyspareunia, it has not been shown to consistently increase sexual desire or activity and many women with sexual dysfunction remain unresponsive. Several recent, large, phase III studies have shown that the addition of transdermal testosterone to conventional hormone therapy can be helpful in surgically menopausal women presenting with HSDD. After 24 weeks of treatment in these studies, testosterone-treated women experienced significantly greater increases in satisfying sexual activity and sexual desire, and greater decreases in distress, than placebo-treated women. Accurate clinical assessment and individualized management of sexual symptoms are fundamentally important for all menopausal women with HSDD or other sexual problems. 相似文献
3.
Sonja Olin Lauritzen 《Sociology of health & illness》1997,19(4):436-456
This paper is concerned with mothers’ understandings of child health in their young babies. To explore how child health is depicted, explained and contextualised by mothers, altogether 29 mothers in Stockholm and London were interviewed through the baby's first months about day-to-day experiences of the baby's health and well-being. The analysis of the mothers’ accounts reveals how the mothers, in the process of assessing health, try to ‘read’ the bodily signs and reactions in their babies. Some major themes emerge on how the mothers identify and characterise threats to the health of the baby; here described as threats of abnormalities, threats to the survival of the baby, threats to the thriving of the baby and threats from illnesses. Notions of child health are discussed in relation to the ‘bodily’ and the ‘social’, and how the embodied images of child health are intertwined with the mothers’ presentations of themselves as responsible for the health of their children and as ‘worthy’ parents. 相似文献
4.
Abra R. M. Hunt C. Anthony Fu K. K. Peters J. H. 《Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology》1983,11(2):98-101
Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - Addition of solid doxorubicin or solutions to pre-formed liposomes proved to be the optimal method for incorporating the drug into liposomes whilst... 相似文献
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Leonard A. Jason PhD Steven B. Pokorny PhD Monica Adams MPH Annie Topliff MA Courtney Harris BA Yvonne Hunt PhD 《The American journal on addictions / American Academy of Psychiatrists in Alcoholism and Addictions》2009,18(5):367-374
This study evaluated the effects of tobacco Purchase, Use and Possession (PUP) laws on student perceptions of adolescent tobacco use within towns and schools. Twenty‐four towns were randomly assigned into two conditions, the experimental condition (E PUP) involved efforts to increase both PUP law enforcement and reduce minors' access to commercial sources of tobacco, whereas the control condition (C) focused only on efforts to reduce minors' access to commercial sources of tobacco. A hierarchical linear modeling analytical approach was selected due to the multilevel data and nested design. The present study found that over time, youth in the experimental PUP condition observed less youth tobacco usage at school and in their town, and perceived lower rates of tobacco among their peers at school and among friends than youth in the control condition. The findings suggest that PUP law enforcement might be used to strengthen community norms against youth tobacco use. 相似文献
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This study assessed the capabilities of a traditional and an amplified stethoscope used by flight nurses to assess breath sound during air medical transport in an MBB BO-105 helicopter. We developed a normal breath sound model using a prerecorded tape of breath sounds interspersed with segments without breath sounds; the recorder had been placed in the chest wall of a resuscitation training manikin. Flight nurses completed control listening sessions in a quiet environment and experimental sessions during flight using a traditional stethoscope for half of the sessions and an amplified stethoscope for the remaining half. In the quiet environment, flight nurses accurately reported the presence or absence of breath sounds in 110 (92%) of 120 trials. During helicopter flight, none of the flight nurses heard breath sounds during any of the recorded segments with either the traditional stethoscope or the amplified stethoscope. We conclude that flight nurses are unable to hear normal breath sounds using a traditional or amplified stethoscope during flight in a medically configured MBB BO-105 helicopter. Improved stethoscopes, innovative methods of listening, and reduction of aircraft noise are potential solutions to the problems of breath sound assessment during air medical transport. 相似文献