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排序方式: 共有2741条查询结果,搜索用时 312 毫秒
1.
Trawat Attarbaschi Julia Sacher Thomas Geiss-Granadia Nikolas Klein Nilufar Mossaheb Rupert Lanzenberger Susanne Asenbaum Robert Dudczak Siegfried Kasper Johannes Tauscher 《European neuropsychopharmacology》2007,17(2):102-107
We explored the relationship between striatal dopamine-2 (D(2)) receptor occupancy and extra-pyramidal symptoms (EPS) in bipolar patients receiving olanzapine. Seventeen patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of bipolar disorder were treated with 5-45 mg/day olanzapine for at least 14 days. After that period, D(2) receptor occupancy was determined using Iodobenzamide (IBZM) and SPECT. EPS were assessed by the Simpson-Angus Scale (SAS) and Barnes-Akathisia Scale (BAS). We found a dose-dependent increase in occupancy: 5 mg led to 28-50%, 10 mg to 40-68%, 15 mg to 69%, 20 mg to 57-66%, 30 mg to 66% and 45 mg to 80% D(2) receptor occupancy; and a significant correlation between plasma levels and occupancy (R(2)=.55, P=.001). Similar to schizophrenic patients, bipolar patients did not exhibit EPS at D(2) occupancy levels of 28 to 80%. Although we did not find an increased vulnerability for acute EPS in bipolar patients receiving olanzapine at clinical relevant doses, this needs to be replicated with larger sample sizes. 相似文献
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Rupert R Lanzenberger Markus Mitterhauser Christoph Spindelegger Wolfgang Wadsak Nikolas Klein Leonhard-Key Mien Alexander Holik Trawat Attarbaschi Nilufar Mossaheb Julia Sacher Thomas Geiss-Granadia Kurt Kletter Siegfried Kasper Johannes Tauscher 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2007,61(9):1081-1089
BACKGROUND: Results from studies in serotonin-1A (5-HT1A) knockout mice and previous positron emission tomography (PET) studies in humans imply a role for 5-HT1A receptors in normal state anxiety as well as in certain anxiety disorders. The objective of this study was to investigate 5-HT1A receptor binding potential (BP) in social anxiety disorder (SAD). METHODS: Using PET and [carbonyl-11C]WAY-100635, we compared a homogeneous group of 12 unmedicated, male SAD patients with 18 healthy control subjects (HC). A multivariate ANOVA with all regional BP values as dependent variables, age and four radiochemical variables as covariates was performed. RESULTS: We found a significantly lower 5-HT1A BP in several limbic and paralimbic areas but not in the hippocampus (p = .234) of SAD patients. The difference in 5-HT1A binding was most significant in the amygdala (-21.4%; p = .003). There was also a more than 20% lower 5-HT(1A) BP of SAD patients in the anterior cingulate cortex (p = .004), insula (p = .003), and dorsal raphe nuclei (p = .030). CONCLUSIONS: The lower 5-HT1A binding in the amygdala and mesiofrontal areas of SAD patients is consistent with 1) preclinical findings of elevated anxiety in 5-HT1A knockout mice, 2) a previous PET study in healthy volunteers showing an inverse correlation between 5-HT1A BP and state anxiety, and 3) another human PET study in patients with panic disorder showing reduced 5-HT1A binding, thus corroborating the potential validity of 5-HT1A receptors as targets in the treatment of human anxiety disorders. 相似文献
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Horst Helbig Ulrich Kellner Norbert Bornfeld Michael H. Foerster 《Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft》1996,93(6):647-654
Hintergrund: Verschiedene Indikationen für glask?rperchirurgische Eingriffe bei Komplikationen der diabetischen Retinopathie haben sich
etabliert. Jedoch gibt es wenig Daten zu der Frage, in welchen Situationen auf einen Eingriff wegen aussichtsloser funktioneller
Prognose verzichtet werden sollte.
Material und Methode: Die Krankengeschichten von 389 Patienten, die zwischen 1990 und 1994 in unserer Klinik wegen Komplikationen der diabetischen
Retinopathie vitrektomiert worden sind, wurden retrospektiv analysiert. Die Nachbeobachtung betrug mindestens 6 Monate, im
Median 26 Monate. Mit multivariaten, logistischen Regressionsanalysen wurden Faktoren ermittelt, die mit schlechten postoperativen,
funktionellen Ergebnissen korrelieren. Ein mathematisches Modell wurde entwickelt, welches die Einsch?tzung der Prognose für
verschiedene Ausgangssituationen erlaubt.
Ergebnisse: Bei 45 Augen (12%) stieg der postoperative Visus nicht über 1/50. Risikofaktoren waren Ablatio der Makula, Ausdehnung der
Ablatio, Rubeosis und Dauer der Visusminderung. ?hnliche Risikofaktoren gelten auch für Revisionsoperationen. Bei einem Auge
mit totaler Traktionsablatio von über 6 Monaten Dauer und Rubeosis liegt die berechnete Wahrscheinlichkeit für einen postoperativen
Visus über 1/50 lediglich bei 2%.
Schlu?folgerungen: Bei totaler Traktionsablatio, insbesondere bei Rubeosis und l?ngerem Bestehen der Ablatio, ist die Prognose extrem schlecht.
Auf operative Ma?nahmen sollte hier verzichtet werden.
相似文献
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G Kellner T Popow-Kraupp C Binder I Goedl M Kundi C Kunz 《Journal of medical virology》1991,35(4):267-272
Rhinoviruses were isolated from nasopharyngeal secretions of 49 children hospitalized because of severe respiratory tract infection. The isolates were typed using 90 type-specific antisera. No obvious relation between certain serotypes and the severity of illness was found. Serum samples were drawn from all children simultaneously with the nasopharyngeal secretions and screened for the presence of type-specific neutralizing antibodies. Children aged 1 week to 6 months had higher neutralizing antibody titers and revealed a lower degree of morbidity than older children. The decline of neutralizing serum antibodies with increasing age was correlated with a higher incidence of severe disease in those aged 7-12 months. Nevertheless, also in this age group children with mild clinical courses of disease were observed despite a low concentration or an absence of neutralizing serum antibodies. This indicates that not only neutralizing serum antibodies, but other factors also influence the clinical expression of RHV-induced disease. 相似文献
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Rupert C M Jones Shirley Copper Oksana Riley Frank Dobbs 《The British journal of general practice》2002,52(480):567-568
Pulmonary rehabilitation is an effective intervention for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is usually available only through selected hospitals. A pilot study was undertaken to see if pulmonary rehabilitation performed by the primary health care team in one practice was feasible. Fourteen patients were recruited; 13 completed the programme and one year of follow-up. The programme was well received by patients and staff. There were not enough suitable patients among a practice list of 10,500 to justify the running of this programme for a single practice; one primary care group would suffice 相似文献