Laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in a patient with stage 1 testicular carcinoma.

Minimally invasive laparoscopic surgical techniques are being increasingly applied to the treatment of urological diseases. We report a case of a laparoscopically performed modified bilateral retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for clinical stage 1 testicular cancer. The laparoscopic surgical approach to the retroperitoneal nodes is a technically feasible procedure that can remove lymph node tissue from all primary landing sites for testicular cancer metastases with potentially decreased morbidity.     

A leg ulcer as manifestation of metastatic squamous cell vaginal carcinoma

Cutaneous metastasis of vaginal carcinoma is extremely rare. So far, the total number of reported skin metastasis of vaginal carcinoma is only one. We present another case with an unusual manifestation of vagina carcinoma metastasis: skin metastasis presenting as a leg ulcer on the lower leg.     

Laparoscopic bilateral nephrectomy for renin-mediated hypertension

Hypertension arising from retained native kidneys complicates the management of recipients of renal transplants. Reluctance to administer angiontensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) drugs to patients taking cyclosporine has reopened the question of performing native nephrectomies for poorly controlled, renin-dependent hypertension. We report the first published cases of simultaneous bilateral laparoscopic nephrectomies in 2 patients: 1 in preparation for living-related donor transplantation and the other ten months following cadaver transplantation in a patient whose end-stage renal disease was from malignant nephrosclerosis. Both had very severe hypertension resistant to multiple drugs and both became normotensive with little or no antihypertensive medication following nephrectomies. A bilateral nephrectomy is currently feasible using a laparoscopic approach.