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Folly Patterson Raheleh Miralami Keith E.Tansey Raj K.Prabhu Lauren B.Priddy 《动物模型与实验医学(英文)》2021,4(2):77-86
Occupational exposure to whole- body vibration is associated with the develop-ment of musculoskeletal, neurological, and other ailments. Low back pain and other... 相似文献
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Heller H Hatami R Mullin P Sciacca RR Khandji AG Hamberger M Emerson R Heyer EJ 《Anesthesia and analgesia》2005,101(1):235-41, table of contents
Bispectral Index (BIS) has been used to monitor level of "sedation" based on the electroencephalogram (EEG). Patients evaluated for surgery to control a seizure disorder undergo Wada testing, during which one hemisphere is rendered functionally inactive after injecting a short-acting barbiturate. We surmised that the BIS values would reflect these functional changes. Eight epileptic patients were enrolled. A full array of 21 EEG electrodes and 2 BIS XP (Quatro) strips over each frontal region of the scalp were applied. The EEG was continuously recorded. BIS values from each hemisphere were recorded every minute. Angiography was performed by advancing a catheter into each internal carotid artery. Amobarbital or methohexital was injected until the patient developed a hemiparesis. The EEG confirmed a significant lateralized cortical effect of the barbiturate. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the differences between the BIS values from monitor electrode strips placed on the left (left BIS) and the right (right BIS) sides of the head as well as the differences in the left and right BIS values before and after each injection of the barbiturate. Injection of barbiturate into either the left or right internal carotid artery produced a significant change on the 21-electrode EEG. However, there was no difference between left BIS to right BIS values (P = 0.84). With repeated injections of barbiturates, some patients became sedated. At these times, both left BIS and right BIS values decreased together before and after injection of barbiturate. The BIS monitor was unable to distinguish significant hemispheric EEG and clinical functional changes except when the patient became sedated. 相似文献
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Adib M Ostadi V Navaei F Saheb Fosoul F Oreizi F Shokouhi R Bakhshiani Z 《Iranian journal of allergy, asthma, and immunology》2007,6(2):93-96
Neonatal sepsis is a disease of infants who are less than 1 month of age. These infants are clinically ill, and their blood culture are positive for bacteria. The reported incidence of neonatal sepsis for all infants is 1 to 10 per 1000 live births. The mortality rate is 4.2-26%. The clinical signs are not specific and diagnosis of neonatal sepsis is one of the most difficult tasks in clinical medicine. The aim of this work was determination of CD11b sensitivity and specificity for early detection of neonatal sepsis. We studied 65 neonates with gestational age of 27 to 38 weeks who were suspected for sepsis within the 28 days of life. Whole blood was obtained from neonates to determine CD11b expression on peripheral blood neutrophils by flow cytometry. C-Reactive protein (CRP) was measured qualitatively. Neonates were divided into two groups. Classification was based on the result of the blood culture. In the sepsis group all of the neonates (n=8) showed positive blood culture and clinical symptoms. In the suspected group (n=57) the neonates showed clinical signs but blood cultures were negative. Sensitivity and specificity of CD11b were 75%, 100% respectively. Also positive and negative predictive values of CD11b were 100% and 86% respectively. Results of present study and previous studies showed that measurement of neutrophil surface markers can be useful for diagnosis of infection in the early phases. Also, the quantitative measurement of CRP in addition to CD11b further enhances the ability to diagnose infections and improves sensitivity and negative predictive value by 100%. 相似文献
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Ian D. Coulter Cindy Crawford Eric L. Hurwitz Howard Vernon Raheleh Khorsan Marika Suttorp Booth Patricia M. Herman 《The spine journal》2018,18(5):866-879
Background Context
Mobilization and manipulation therapies are widely used to benefit patients with chronic low back pain. However, questions remain about their efficacy, dosing, safety, and how these approaches compare with other therapies.Purpose
The present study aims to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, and safety of various mobilization and manipulation therapies for treatment of chronic low back pain.Study Design/Setting
This is a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.Outcome Measures
The present study measures self-reported pain, function, health-related quality of life, and adverse events.Methods
We identified studies by searching multiple electronic databases from January 2000 to March 2017, examining reference lists, and communicating with experts. We selected randomized controlled trials comparing manipulation or mobilization therapies with sham, no treatment, other active therapies, and multimodal therapeutic approaches. We assessed risk of bias using Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network criteria. Where possible, we pooled data using random-effects meta-analysis. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) was applied to determine the confidence in effect estimates. This project is funded by the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health under Award Number U19AT007912.Results
Fifty-one trials were included in the systematic review. Nine trials (1,176 patients) provided sufficient data and were judged similar enough to be pooled for meta-analysis. The standardized mean difference for a reduction of pain was SMD=?0.28, 95% confidence interval (CI) ?0.47 to ?0.09, p=.004; I2=57% after treatment; within seven trials (923 patients), the reduction in disability was SMD=?0.33, 95% CI ?0.63 to ?0.03, p=.03; I2=78% for manipulation or mobilization compared with other active therapies. Subgroup analyses showed that manipulation significantly reduced pain and disability, compared with other active comparators including exercise and physical therapy (SMD=?0.43, 95% CI ?0.86 to 0.00; p=.05, I2=79%; SMD=?0.86, 95% CI ?1.27 to ?0.45; p<.0001, I2=46%). Mobilization interventions, compared with other active comparators including exercise regimens, significantly reduced pain (SMD=?0.20, 95% CI ?0.35 to ?0.04; p=.01; I2=0%) but not disability (SMD=?0.10, 95% CI ?0.28 to 0.07; p=.25; I2=21%). Studies comparing manipulation or mobilization with sham or no treatment were too few or too heterogeneous to allow for pooling as were studies examining relationships between dose and outcomes. Few studies assessed health-related quality of life. Twenty-six of 51 trials were multimodal studies and narratively described.Conclusion
There is moderate-quality evidence that manipulation and mobilization are likely to reduce pain and improve function for patients with chronic low back pain; manipulation appears to produce a larger effect than mobilization. Both therapies appear safe. Multimodal programs may be a promising option. 相似文献9.
Buchwald B Zhang G Vogt-Eisele AK Zhang W Ahangari R Griffin JW Hatt H Toyka KV Sheikh KA 《Neurobiology of disease》2007,28(1):113-121
Acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome is often associated with IgG anti-GM1 and -GD1a antibodies. The pathophysiological basis of antibody-mediated selective motor nerve dysfunction remains unclear. We investigated the effects of IgG anti-GM1 and -GD1a monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) on neuromuscular transmission and calcium influx in hemidiaphragm preparations and in cultured neurons, respectively, to elucidate mechanisms of Ab-mediated muscle weakness. Anti-GM1 and -GD1a mAbs depressed evoked quantal release to a significant yet different extent, without affecting postsynaptic currents. At equivalent concentrations, anti-GD1b, -GT1b, or sham mAbs did not affect neuromuscular transmission. At fourfold higher concentration, an anti-GD1b mAb (specificity described in immune sensory neuropathies) induced completely reversible blockade. In neuronal cultures, anti-GM1 and -GD1a mAbs significantly reduced depolarization-induced calcium influx. In conclusion, different anti-ganglioside mAbs induce distinct effects on presynaptic transmitter release by reducing calcium influx, suggesting that this is one mechanism of antibody-mediated muscle weakness in AMAN. 相似文献
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Shakibaei F Harandi AA Gholamrezaei A Samoei R Salehi P 《The International journal of clinical and experimental hypnosis》2008,56(2):185-197
This study examined the effects of hypnosis on both pain and reexperiencing of trauma in burn patients. Forty-four patients hospitalized for burn care were randomly assigned to either hypnotherapy or a control group. Direct and indirect hypnotic suggestions were used to reduce pain and reexperiencing of trauma. All patients received routine burn care. Pain reports were quantified by using a self-report numeric rating scale ranging from 0 to 5. The number of recalled vivid, troubling events of the trauma in 24-hour intervals was used for rating the reexperiencing of trauma. The hypnotherapy group showed significantly lower pain ratings than the control group and reported a significant reduction in pain from baseline. There was a significant reduction in trauma reexperience scores in the hypnotherapy group but not the control group. The findings support the efficacy of hypnotherapy in the management of both pain and reexperiencing of trauma in burn patients. 相似文献