Sanatorium care of patients with tuberculosis and the ways of its further improvement

The experience of our phthisiologists proved the necessity to organize a combined treatment of tuberculosis patients. More than 90% of patients are discharged from the sanatoria with considerable improvement of their health. Hence, the sanatorium stage of treatment under the present conditions becomes especially important since the cost of stay in a sanatorium is less than that in a hospital. The success of further improvement of sanatorium treatment of tuberculosis patients can be provided by the introduction of the non-pharmaceutical therapeutic methods. In addition, recently there are real conditions for making principally new structural subdivisions on the sanatorium basis, including the departments for medical workers, in order to provide prevention of tuberculosis in persons who are working in conditions of professional health hazard.     

Results of the use of a graft with a monocusp in radical correction of Fallot's tetrad

The article deals with the results of complex study of the effect of pulmonary insufficiency on intracardiac hemodynamics and function of the heart in the immediate and late-term periods after radical correction of Fallot's tetralogy. Answers are also given to questions concerning the expediency of the use and functional adequacy of a xeno-pericardial monocusp in the closure mechanism of the pulmonary artery valve. The study showed that massive pulmonary regurgitation has a negative effect on the functional condition of the right ventricle in late-term postoperative periods. Convincing data were obtained which allow a graft with a monocusp of a bull's pericardium to be recommended for further clinical use to prevent insufficiency of the pulmonary artery valve after radical correction of Fallot's tetralogy.     

Modern epidemiology of hepatitis A in the north-western region of the Russian Federation

Summary.  The epidemiological features of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection were studied in eleven territories located in the north-western region of the Russian Federation. The dynamics of HAV infection in Russia and in the region were evaluated during a 17-year period. The age-specific incidence was calculated and 229 305 patients with acute HAV were identified. The analysed database included HA mixed with other viral hepatitis infections: it included information about 8 809 HAV patients. Special attention has been paid to the sero-epidemiological studies conducted in St Petersburg city. These studies included analysis of age-specific incidence in persons 20 years of age and older during 6 years and testing of blood sera from 1 892 healthy persons for IgG anti-HAV. In general there is a trend to reduction of HAV incidence in Russia, and in the north-western region, high indices were registered in some provinces in different years. It was established three types of age-specific incidence distribution: predominated incidence in 3–14 years of age (first type), 15–29 years of age (second type) and uniform distribution in different age groups (third type). It was shown that decrease of HAV incidence in children and young adults lead to the reduction of sero-positivity level in the groups 20+ years of age. These characteristics should be taken in account to define indications for HAV vaccine prophylaxis. HAV infection in 10–13% of cases mixed with acute or chronic hepatitis B and C in the last 15 years in St Petersburg. In the middle of 1990s, HAV mostly mixed with acute viral hepatitis of different aetiology, but in the modern time predominated type of mixture was presented by HAV and chronic HBV and HCV infections. The obtained results are useful for viral hepatitis surveillance and control.     

Physicochemical and Biological Properties of a Nanostructured IR-Photosensitizer Based on Dipropoxybacteriopurpurinimide

Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal - The production technology for nanoparticles based on a copolymer of lactic and glycolic acids (PLGA) containing dipropoxybacteriopurpurinimide (DPBPI) and...     

Genomic polymorphism of strains of basic subspecies of plague causative agent

Genomic fingerprinting analysis of strains of the basic subspecies of plague causative agent extracted from different types of hotbeds in the Russian Federation and neighboring countries was performed. This analysis has enabled us to demonstrate their significant genetic polymorphism, as well as the similarity of their phenotypic characteristics. Strains of basic subspecies Y. pestis subsp. pestis are distributed into four genetic variants, each of which has its specific host organism. The conservatism of gene fingerprinting profiles of every genetic variant of Y. pestis subsp. pestis strains underlines the prospects of the proposed methodical approach in the case of the intraspecific differentiation of plague-agent strains (including those with atypical characteristics). The correlation of genovars with the host species gives one the opportunity to use them in the analysis of enzootic territories in during changes in hosts.     

Indicators of general,cerebral, and regional hemodynamics in myopic schoolchildren aged 13-15 years

110 schoolchildren aged 13-15 years were examined. 24 of them had pseudomyopia and 6 patients myopia of various forms. A control group consisted of 38 children. Central hemodynamics was estimated by average dynamic pressure, cerebral hemodynamics--by rheoencephalography, regional hemodynamics--by dopplerography of the internal carotid and suprapubic arteries. It was found that with myopia progression, the average dynamic pressure positively comes down with reduction of reographic waves amplitude in rheogram. The blood flow rate in internal carotid and suprapubic arteries has no substantial impact on myopia course. Predisposition to arterial hypotension is a risk factor for myopia development and progression.     

Clinical picture and differential diagnosis of anterior granulomatous uveitis

Nineteen patients with anterior endogenous granulomatous uveitis were examined. Tuberculous and sarcoidosal anterior uveites run by and large similarly, but have some differences. Valid etiological diagnosis of granulomatous uveites requires a complex approach with consideration of extraocular manifestations.     

Vitamin supply in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]

Concentrations of vitamins C, A, E, B2, B6 and carotinoids were measured in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Most of the examinees had deficiency of both group B vitamins and carotinoids, some of the patients were vitamin C deficient. Vitamin-enriched drink Zolotoi shar (Golden Ball) and beta-carotene in oil were included in regular diet of NIDDM and taken for 4 weeks. As a result, supply of the vitamins C and beta-carotene has improved significantly. There was a positive trend in the levels of vitamin B6, while vitamins A and E reached optimal values.