全文获取类型
收费全文 | 389篇 |
免费 | 28篇 |
国内免费 | 12篇 |
专业分类
儿科学 | 13篇 |
妇产科学 | 8篇 |
基础医学 | 38篇 |
口腔科学 | 2篇 |
临床医学 | 39篇 |
内科学 | 81篇 |
皮肤病学 | 7篇 |
神经病学 | 6篇 |
特种医学 | 53篇 |
外科学 | 65篇 |
综合类 | 18篇 |
预防医学 | 31篇 |
眼科学 | 5篇 |
药学 | 43篇 |
中国医学 | 3篇 |
肿瘤学 | 17篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 7篇 |
2020年 | 5篇 |
2019年 | 11篇 |
2018年 | 12篇 |
2017年 | 7篇 |
2016年 | 2篇 |
2015年 | 7篇 |
2014年 | 12篇 |
2013年 | 22篇 |
2012年 | 28篇 |
2011年 | 17篇 |
2010年 | 15篇 |
2009年 | 10篇 |
2008年 | 8篇 |
2007年 | 15篇 |
2006年 | 16篇 |
2005年 | 18篇 |
2004年 | 11篇 |
2003年 | 9篇 |
2002年 | 8篇 |
2001年 | 7篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 13篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 11篇 |
1995年 | 9篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1993年 | 11篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 10篇 |
1977年 | 10篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1966年 | 2篇 |
1964年 | 2篇 |
1961年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有429条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Classical and anaplastic seminoma: difference in survival 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Classical and anaplastic seminoma are traditionally treated with radiation therapy and are said to have the same prognosis. A retrospective study was undertaken of 90 seminoma patients treated with radiation therapy between 1961 and 1985. The classical group consisted of 71 patients of whom 50 had stage I and 21 had stage II disease. The anaplastic group consisted of 19 patients of whom ten had stage I and nine had stage II disease. The median follow-up time was 64 months for the entire group. The 10-year relapse-free survival rate for the classical group was 94% and for the anaplastic group was 70% (P less than .05). For patients with classical stage I disease, the relapse-free actuarial survival rate was 98%; for patients with anaplastic stage I disease, it was 64% (P less than .02). For the classical stage II disease group, the relapse-free actuarial survival rate was 84% and for the anaplastic stage II disease group, 75% (P less than .70). Four patients in the classical group (6%) had relapses; of these, one patient had local recurrence of tumor, and three had distant metastases. In the anaplastic group, four patients (21%) had relapses; two patients had local recurrence of tumor, and two had distant metastases. Therefore the data suggest a difference in survival and relapse rates between classical and anaplastic seminoma. 相似文献
2.
3.
Chemiluminescent and flow cytometric analysis of gamma interferon preincubation on neonatal and adult rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes. 下载免费PDF全文
R R Wittler M M Lieberman D D Paine S L Muehlbauer J E Lima D M Sachanandani C A Pinney 《Clinical and Vaccine Immunology : CVI》1996,3(5):527-532
Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) has multiple immunomodulating effects and has been postulated as a possible immunopotentiating agent for the prevention or treatment of neonatal infections. This report describes the effect of rat recombinant IFN-gamma on the oxidative burst activity and CD11b expression of neonatal and adult rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL). Oxidative burst activity was assessed by chemiluminescence and dihydrorhodamine flow cytometry. Neonatal PMNL exhibited significantly less oxidative burst activity than did adult PMNL. IFN-gamma mildly enhanced the chemiluminescence response of PMNL from both the rat pups and adults, but this effect was not statistically significant when analyzed by a multivariate model of repeated-measures analysis of variance for both chemiluminescence and dihydrorhodamine flow cytometry. CD11b expression was also not significantly enhanced by IFN-gamma. 相似文献
4.
Three structurally related compounds, 4-acetoxy-3-acetoxy-methyl-acetophenone(AAMAP), 1-[4'- hydroxy-3'-hydroxy-methylphenyl]-2-[benzyl-t-butylamino]ethanone hydrochloride (HHBEH) and 1-[4'-hydroxy-3'-hydroxymethyl-phenyl]-2-[benzyl-t-butylamino]ethanol (HHBE), gave positive dose-related mutagenic responsesin the Ames test when Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 wasused as the test organism. Strain TA100 carries the hisG46 allele,which is revertable by base changes, together with plasmid pKM101,which encodes mucAB genes that are analogous to umuDC, the chromosomalSOS-repair genes of Escherichia coli K-12. None of the compoundswas mutagenic in Ames strain TA1535, which is the plasmid-freederivative of strain TA100. Only AAMAP, and that at only thehighest concentration tested, was mutagenic in strain TA98,which detects frameshift mutations and carries plasmid pKM101.No compound was significantly mutagenic in strain TA1538, whichis the plasmid-free derivative of strain TA98. When the threecompounds were tested for the induction of sister-chromatidexchanges (SCEs) in Chinese hamster cells, the two more potentmutagens, AAMAP and HHBEH were found to increase SCEs, whereasHHBE did not give a significant response at any concentrationtested. Ames test data showing plasmid pKM101-dependent mutagenesisare therefore, at least for these compounds, relevant indicatorsof eukaryotic genotoxicity.
Parts of this paper were communicated to the Science Group atthe 123rd British Pharmaceutical Conference, Jersey, 1986. 相似文献
5.
Elastin point mutations cause an obstructive vascular disease, supravalvular aortic stenosis 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7
Li DY; Toland AE; Boak BB; Atkinson DL; Ensing GJ; Morris CA; Keating MT 《Human molecular genetics》1997,6(7):1021-1028
Supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) is an inherited obstructive vascular
disease that affects the aorta, carotid, coronary and pulmonary arteries.
Previous molecular genetic data have led to the hypothesis that SVAS
results from mutations in the elastin gene, ELN. In these studies, the
disease phenotype was linked to gross DNA rearrangements (35 and 85 kb
deletions and a translocation) in three SVAS families. However, gross
rearrangements of ELN have not been identified in most cases of autosomal
dominant SVAS. To define the spectrum of ELN mutations responsible for this
disorder, we refined the genomic structure of human ELN and used this
information in mutational analyses. ELN point mutations co-segregate with
the disease in four familial cases and are associated with SVAS in three
sporadic cases. Two of the mutations are nonsense, one is a single base
pair deletion and four are splice site mutations. In one sporadic case, the
mutation arose de novo. These data demonstrate that point mutations of ELN
cause autosomal dominant SVAS.
相似文献
6.
Germline mutations of the CDKN2 gene in UK melanoma families 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
Harland M; Meloni R; Gruis N; Pinney E; Brookes S; Spurr NK; Frischauf AM; Bataille V; Peters G; Cuzick J; Selby P; Bishop DT; Bishop JN 《Human molecular genetics》1997,6(12):2061-2067
Germline mutations in CDKN2 on chromosome 9p21, which codes for the cyclin
D kinase inhibitor p16, and more rarely, mutations in the gene coding for
CDK4, the protein to which p16 binds, underlie susceptibility in some
melanoma families. We have sequenced all exons of CDKN2 and analysed the
CDK4 gene for mutations in 27 UK families showing evidence of
predisposition to melanoma. Five different germline mutations in CDKN2 were
found in six families. Three of the mutations (Met53Ile, Arg24Pro and
23ins24) have been reported previously. We have identified two novel CDKN2
mutations (88delG and Ala118Thr) which are likely to be associated with the
development of melanoma, because of their co-segregation with the disease
and their likely functional effect on the CDKN2 protein. In binding assays
the protein expressed from the previously described mutation, Met53Ile, did
not bind to CDK4/CDK6, confirming its role as a causal mutation in the
development of melanoma. Ala118Thr appeared to be functional in this assay.
Arg24Pro appeared to bind to CDK6, but not to CDK4. No mutations were
detected in exon 2 of CDK4, suggesting that causal mutations in this gene
are uncommon. The penetrance of these mutant CDKN2 genes is not yet
established, nor is the risk of non-melanoma cancer to gene carriers.
相似文献
7.
Baker F Ainsworth SR Dye JT Crammer C Thun MJ Hoffmann D Repace JL Henningfield JE Slade J Pinney J Shanks T Burns DM Connolly GN Shopland DR 《JAMA》2000,284(6):735-740
This article summarizes principal findings from a conference convened by the American Cancer Society in June 1998 to examine the health risks of cigar smoking. State-of-the-science reports were presented and 120 attendees (representing government and private agencies, academia, health educators, and tobacco control experts) participated in panels and summary development discussions. The following conclusions were reached by consensus: (1) rates of cigar smoking are rising among both adults and adolescents; (2) smoking cigars instead of cigarettes does not reduce the risk of nicotine addiction; (3) as the number of cigars smoked and the amount of smoke inhaled increases, the risk of death related to cigar smoking approaches that of cigarette smoking; (4) cigar smoke contains higher concentrations of toxic and carcinogenic compounds than cigarettes and is a major source of fine-particle and carbon monoxide indoor air pollution; and (5) cigar smoking is known to cause cancers of the lung and upper aerodigestive tract. JAMA. 2000;284:735-740 相似文献
8.
Sheela R Geraghty Susan M Pinney Gopalan Sethuraman Ashwini Roy-Chaudhury Heidi J Kalkwarf 《Ambulatory Pediatrics》2004,4(3):226-231
OBJECTIVE: Over 3% of infants born annually in the United States are from a multiple gestation pregnancy, yet there is little data published about the feeding practices of their mothers. The objectives of this study were to determine and compare the rates of breast milk feeding of mothers of multiples and mothers of singletons. METHODS: Stratified random sampling (n = 686) on the basis of plurality of pregnancy and gestational age at delivery was performed on a 1999 birth certificate database in the greater Cincinnati area. We collected information about infant feeding during the first 6 months of life using a retrospective, self-administered questionnaire and phone interview from mothers of term singletons (TS), preterm singletons (PS), term multiples (TM), and preterm multiples (PM). Data were analyzed using chi-square and logistic or multiple regression. RESULTS: We obtained feeding information from 346 mothers (n = 81 TS, 80 PS, 90 TM, and 95 PM). By 3 days postpartum, PM provided breast milk less often than all other groups: TS = 69%, PS = 66%, TM = 73%, PM = 57% (P =.035). Among mothers who initiated breast milk feeding, the geometric mean duration of at least some breast milk feeding was significantly shorter for PM than for all other groups: TS = 23 weeks, PS = 19 weeks, TM = 24 weeks, and PM = 12 weeks (P =.002). CONCLUSIONS: Further evaluation of the potential causes for the lower breast milk feeding rates among PM is needed to develop effective intervention strategies and increase the number of preterm multiple gestation infants receiving breast milk. 相似文献
9.
Singapore Indian Eye Study‐2: methodology and impact of migration on systemic and eye outcomes 下载免费PDF全文
10.
Patients with multiple myeloma have excellent long‐term outcomes after recovery from dialysis‐dependent acute kidney injury 下载免费PDF全文