Intestinal absorption of sodium cefoxitin in rats: effect of formulation

The absorption of cefoxitin from rat intestine, rectum and small intestine was greater when the powdered form was administered than when an aqueous solution was given. Cefoxitin absorption from the small intestine was significantly increased after its administration in suppository form prepared with a triglyceride base, although rectal absorption from the suppository did not differ from that of the drug in powdered form. The increase in absorption by the small intestine from the suppository form may be due to fatty acids produced from triglyceride by lipase.     

A case of inflammatory pseudotumor of the lung that extended to involve the mediastinum

A 17-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of cough and fever. The chest X-ray films revealed an anterior mediastinal mass shadow. Steroid drugs and antibiotics were administered and the shadow diminished slightly. To confirm diagnosis, open thoracotomy was performed. The tumor was extended to the mediastinum, thymus and heart as well as the right middle lobe and right lower lobe. Microscopic findings of the resected tumor showed proliferation of histiocytes with infiltration by inflammatory cells, lymphocytes and fibrous tissue.     

Protective effect of salicylate against 2,4-dinitrophenol-induced protein thiol loss in the small intestine of rats

The effect of the content of protein thiols and non-protein thiols in the tissue of the rat small intestinal loop on the absorption of cefmetazole has been investigated. 2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP), at a concentration of 500 microM, caused rapid protein thiol loss, followed by non-protein thiol loss, along with a decrease of cefmetazole absorption by the intestine. The coadministration of 75 mM salicylate with DNP inhibited the effect of DNP on protein thiols and cefmetazole absorption but not on non-protein thiol loss by DNP.     

A study involving early carcinomas of the gall bladder

In recent years, with the development of diagnostic procedures, the number of cases of early carcinoma of the gall bladder has been seen to gradually increase. In this paper, 8 cases of early gall bladder carcinoma have been evaluated, using a diagnostic approach. Cholecystolithiasis was the complication in 6 cases, and abdominal pain was seen as the most common symptom. Findings by various image diagnoses, such as ultrasonography, DIC, ERCP, and CT scan are described and discussed with a review of literature. Ultrasonography was considered to be the most useful tool for the detection and diagnosis of an early carcinoma of the gall bladder. A survey is thought to be required, involving the cases that have accumulated throughout the entire nation.     

Enhancement of rectal absorption of water-soluble antibiotics in dogs

The effects of sodium 5-methoxysalicylate and sodium salicylate on the rectal absorption of sodium penicillin G, gentamicin sulfate, sodium cefoxitin and sodium cefmetazole are reported. It was found that both adjuvants improve the rectal absorption of these water-soluble antibiotics. However, sodium 5-methoxysalicylate was more effective. Rectal bioavailability of these antibiotics depends both on the concentration of the adjuvant used and on the dosage form. In these studies, a lipophilic suppository base seems to provide a satisfactory vehicle for delivery of the water-soluble drugs resulting in rectal bioavailabilities of ~85% for penicillin G, ~50% for cefoxitin, ~50% for cefmetazole and ~35% for gentamicin compared with intravenous administration over the time period of 0–120 min.