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1.
Clonidine induced hyperphagia and weight gain in monkeys 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
R. Francis Schlemmer Jr. Regina C. Casper Nedathur Narasimhachari John M. Davis 《Psychopharmacology》1979,61(2):233-234
The effect of the -noradrenergic receptor agonist, clonidine, on food intake and weight was examined in ten adult Stumptail macaque monkeys. An intramuscular injection of 0.1 mg/kg of clonidine HCl for seven consecutive days significantly increased food intake from baseline levels throughout treatment. All but two monkeys gained weight during clonidine treatment with seven animals gaining from 5–15% of their original body weight by the end of 1 week.To whom offprint requests should be sent 相似文献
2.
M Strahilevitz E Othmer N Narasimhachari S C Othmer L S Jacobs 《Neuropsychopharmacology》1977,12(2):171-180
Polygraphic recordings and sequential growth hormone (GH) samplings were performed in eight healthy adult males. In the plasma samples from seven of the subjects, indolethylamine-N-methyltransferase (INMT) activity was also determined. Five of eight subjects showed significant fluctuation in plasma GH level, and six of seven subjects showed significant fluctuation in plasma INMT activity level. There were also significant positive correlations between plasma GH and INMT activity level during the second episode of NREM sleep stage 1 and during the third episode of NREM sleep stage 2. A significant negative correlation between plasma GH and INMT activity level during the seventh episode of sleep stage 2 and during the fifth episode of post sleep-onset wake was found. In view of a previous finding that INMT activity in the serum of psychiatric patients is positively correlated with severity of delusions, the observation that NREM sleep is associated with mental activity characterized by repetitive thoughts, and the result that GH level in plasma is increased in NREM sleep early at night, our present findings suggest the hypotheses that increased plasma INMT activity during sleep is indicative of both increased INMT activity in the central nervous system (CNS) and the activation or maintenance of NREM mental activity during sleep. Additional research will be needed in order to validate our observations and test these hypotheses. 相似文献
3.
Brown SW Meyers RT Brennan KM Rumble JM Narasimhachari N Perozzi EF Ryan JJ Stewart JK Fischer-Stenger K 《Journal of neuroimmunology》2003,135(1-2):47-55
This study provides the first evidence for catecholamine synthesis and release in the RAW264.7 cell line, an important macrophage model. Although catecholamines were low in unstimulated cells, activation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA and increased extracellular norepinephrine and intracellular dopamine within 48 h. The catecholamine synthesis inhibitor alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine (alpha-mpt) decreased extracellular norepinephrine levels, suggesting release and rapid turnover of newly synthesized norepinephrine. High concentrations of dopamine or norepinephrine (>/=100 microM) decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of macrophages. These anti-proliferative effects were prevented by simultaneous treatment with the anti-oxidant ascorbic acid. Pre-incubation with a glutathione synthesis inhibitor (L-buthionine-[S,R]-sulfoximine [L-BSO]) increased sensitivity to catecholamine-stimulated apoptosis, suggesting that glutathione protects macrophages from both endogenous and exogenous catecholamines. 相似文献
4.
A previously healthy 30-year-old black woman with no history of substance abuse was hospitalized after she attempted to drown her 4-year-old son. She had become progressively confused and delusional after a flu-like illness 2 weeks before. Serum and lumbar CSF samples assayed for phencyclidine (PCP) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with d5 PCP as an internal standard were positive. The patient recovered rapidly after treatment with haloperidol and acidification of her urine. Suspicion of PCP abuse should remain high among patients with psychosis, even for those with no history of substance abuse. 相似文献
5.
L B Weekley T Phan N Narasimhachari J Johannessen M C Boadle-Biber 《Biochemical pharmacology》1985,34(9):1549-1557
In vivo administration of clonidine hydrochloride (Catapres) via tail vein injection produced a rapid increase in brainstem tryptophan hydroxylase activity assayed in vitro under subsaturating conditions of reduced pterin cofactor, 6MPH4. Enzyme activity returned to and remained at control levels about 60 min after treatment with low doses of clonidine (5 micrograms/kg). However, with higher doses of the drug (15 micrograms/kg), enzyme activity fell to below control levels for about an hour. Incubation of brainstem slices with clonidine also produced a dose-dependent increase in enzyme activity. The increase in enzyme activity appears to be mediated indirectly since it was abolished when brain catecholamine levels were depleted by pretreatment with 6-hydroxydopamine 8 days prior to clonidine treatment. The kinetic properties of tryptophan hydroxylase prepared 25 and 90 min after clonidine administration indicate that the initial increase and subsequent decrease in enzyme activity seen under these conditions may be due to changes in apparent Vmax of the enzyme. 相似文献
6.
R F Schlemmer N Narasimhachari J M Davis 《The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology》1980,32(4):285-289
The effect of six acute doses of the dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine on non-human primate social and individual behaviour was studied in a social colony of four adult Stumptail macaques. Apomorphine was administered intramuscularly to 2 monkeys/day in doses ranging from 0.05 to 3.00 mg kg-1 15 min bfefore a 1 h observation period. Apomorphine induced hyperactivity, hypervigilance, and stereotyped behaviour at doses of 0.50 mg kg-1 and greater in all 4 monkeys. In addition it also caused a dose-dependent disruption of normal behavioural patterns. Social grooming was eliminated while the submissive gestures were significantly increased. It also induced an increase in vocalizations and suppression of food forage behaviours. The results demonstrate the role of dopamine systems in the mediation of affiliative behaviour as well as motor behaviour in a primate species. Also, since similar behavioural changes are induced in this species during chronic (+)-amphetamine treatment, it is suggested that dopamine systems play a predominant role in amphetamine-induced behaviour in primates. 相似文献
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8.
R. C. Smith N. Narasimhachari J. M. Davis 《Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)》1978,42(2):159-162
Summary Rats who where administered apomorphine seven days after termination of chronic treatment with haloperidol had significantly (59%) lower level of brain HVA than saline control rats. This finding is consistent with the behavioral evidence suggesting supersensitivity of post-synaptic dopamine receptors after termination of chronic haloperidol.This work was begun when all authors were associated with the Illinois State Psychiatric Institute. 相似文献
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