全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6611篇 |
免费 | 367篇 |
国内免费 | 58篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 21篇 |
儿科学 | 260篇 |
妇产科学 | 107篇 |
基础医学 | 1021篇 |
口腔科学 | 136篇 |
临床医学 | 411篇 |
内科学 | 1703篇 |
皮肤病学 | 40篇 |
神经病学 | 389篇 |
特种医学 | 285篇 |
外科学 | 1206篇 |
综合类 | 26篇 |
现状与发展 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 174篇 |
眼科学 | 39篇 |
药学 | 451篇 |
中国医学 | 25篇 |
肿瘤学 | 741篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 35篇 |
2022年 | 78篇 |
2021年 | 176篇 |
2020年 | 84篇 |
2019年 | 109篇 |
2018年 | 174篇 |
2017年 | 115篇 |
2016年 | 143篇 |
2015年 | 165篇 |
2014年 | 220篇 |
2013年 | 231篇 |
2012年 | 465篇 |
2011年 | 472篇 |
2010年 | 226篇 |
2009年 | 212篇 |
2008年 | 379篇 |
2007年 | 384篇 |
2006年 | 386篇 |
2005年 | 343篇 |
2004年 | 330篇 |
2003年 | 374篇 |
2002年 | 337篇 |
2001年 | 149篇 |
2000年 | 129篇 |
1999年 | 119篇 |
1998年 | 84篇 |
1997年 | 50篇 |
1996年 | 55篇 |
1995年 | 53篇 |
1994年 | 34篇 |
1993年 | 51篇 |
1992年 | 93篇 |
1991年 | 69篇 |
1990年 | 80篇 |
1989年 | 73篇 |
1988年 | 68篇 |
1987年 | 72篇 |
1986年 | 52篇 |
1985年 | 63篇 |
1984年 | 24篇 |
1983年 | 15篇 |
1981年 | 16篇 |
1979年 | 35篇 |
1978年 | 17篇 |
1977年 | 16篇 |
1975年 | 19篇 |
1974年 | 17篇 |
1973年 | 21篇 |
1971年 | 20篇 |
1970年 | 13篇 |
排序方式: 共有7036条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Tumor tissue is composed of tumor cells and tumor stroma. Tumor stroma contains various immune cells and non-immune stromal cells, forming a complex tumor microenvironment which plays pivotal roles in regulating tumor growth. Recent successes in immunotherapies against tumors, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, have further raised interests in the immune microenvironment of liver carcinoma. The immune microenvironment of tumors is formed because of interactions among tumor cells, immune cells and non-immune stromal cells, including fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Different patterns of immune microenvironment are observed among different tumor subtypes, and their clinicopathological significance and intertumor/intratumor heterogeneity are being intensively studied. Here, we review the immune microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and liver metastasis of colorectal adenocarcinoma, focusing on its histopathological appearance, clinicopathological significance, and relationship with histological and molecular classifications. Understanding the comprehensive histopathological picture of a tumor immune microenvironment, in addition to molecular and genetic approaches, will further potentiate the effort for precision medicine in the era of tumor-targeting immunotherapy. 相似文献
2.
Takashi Murakami Naoto Sakamoto Akihito Nagahara 《Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology》2019,34(10):1685-1695
Sessile serrated adenoma/polyps (SSA/Ps) are early precursor lesions in the serrated neoplasia pathway, which results in BRAF‐mutated colorectal carcinomas with not only high levels of microsatellite instability but also microsatellite stable. SSA/Ps with advanced histology, including cytological dysplasia or minimally invasive carcinomas, are important lesions because SSA/Ps are considered major contributors to “interval cancers” and these lesions can rapidly become dysplastic or invasive carcinomas. Clinicopathologically, SSA/Ps with dysplasia or invasive carcinoma were associated with advanced age, female sex, and proximal colon. Although SSA/Ps with submucosal invasive carcinoma were smaller and invaded less deeply into the submucosal layer than conventional tubular adenomas with submucosal invasive carcinoma, SSA/Ps with submucosal invasive carcinoma frequently had a mucinous component and exhibited a higher potential for lymphatic invasion and lymph node metastasis. In an SSA/P series, endoscopic characteristics, including (semi)pedunculated morphology, double elevation, central depression, and reddishness, may help accurately diagnose SSA/Ps with advanced histology. Removal of SSA/Ps with dysplasia or invasive carcinoma was recommended. Endoscopic treatment such as endoscopic mucosal resection or endoscopic submucosal dissection is useful for those lesions. However, surgical resection with lymph node dissection might be indicated when SSA/Ps with invasive carcinoma are endoscopically suspected, because these have the high risk of lymph node metastasis. Greater awareness may promote further research into improving the detection, recognition, and complete resection rates of SSA/Ps with dysplasia or invasive carcinoma and reduce the interval cancer rates. 相似文献
3.
Setsuyo Morimoto Keiko Hirano Keiko Tabata Haruka Asaumi Yuko Morikawa Yuki Matsumi Shuhei Naka Michiyo Matsumoto-Nakano 《Pediatric Dental Journal》2019,29(3):138-145
Early onset periodontitis is rarely seen in infants, though often leads to an acute and serious clinical course when encountered in such patients. Autoimmune neutropenia presents systemic and dental symptoms, as depressed resistance to bacterial infection is caused by a disorder that reduces the number of neutrophils. This disease can result in not only gingival inflammation but also destruction of periodontal tissues, such as attachment loss, alveolar bone absorption, and early tooth loss in primary as well as mixed dentition. Here, we report treatment of a child with marginal periodontitis from the age of 3 years–7 years 9 months. No systemic manifestations were noted until 3 years of age, thus the patient had never received a detailed examination or medication related to the disease. Following examinations at our department, we referred the patient to a pediatrician at our university hospital for possible systemic disease, who made a diagnosis of autoimmune neutropenia. Although administration of antibiotics and professional dental care were continued, neutrophil count was not increased and progressive periodontal destruction was observed. Extraction of teeth with poor prognosis was performed and a prosthetic strategy for the missing teeth developed. It is important to recognize that periodontitis along with autoimmune neutropenia can appear in infants, even though the incidence is quite low. Early detection and early treatment of this disease is necessary for delaying progression of periodontitis and optimal occlusal induction of permanent teeth. 相似文献
4.
Yosuke Homma Takashi Shiga Hiraku Funakoshi Dai Miyazaki Atsushi Sakurai Yoshio Tahara Ken Nagao Naohiro Yonemoto Arino Yaguchi Naoto Morimura 《The American journal of emergency medicine》2019,37(2):241-248
Objective
This study assessed the association between the timing of first epinephrine administration (EA) and the neurological outcomes following out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) with both initial shockable and non-shockable rhythms.Methods
This was a post-hoc analysis of a multicenter prospective cohort study (SOS-KANTO 2012), which registered OHCA patients in the Kanto region of Japan from January 2012 to March 2013. We included consecutive adult OHCA patients who received epinephrine. The primary result included 1-month favorable neurological outcomes defined as cerebral performance category (CPC) 1 or 2. Secondary results included 1-month survival and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after arrival at the hospital. Multivariable logistic regression analysis determined the association between delay per minute of the time from call to first EA in both pre- or in-hospital settings and outcomes.Results
Of the 16,452 patients, 9344 were eligible for our analyses. In univariable analysis, the delay in EA was associated with decreased favorable neurological outcomes only when the initial rhythm was a non-shockable rhythm. In multivariable analyses, delay in EA was associated with decreased ROSC (adjusted odds ratio [OR] for one minute delay, 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.96–0.98) and 1-month survival (adjusted OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.92–0.97) when the initial rhythm was a non-shockable rhythm, whereas during a shockable rhythm, delay in EA was not associated with decreased ROSC and 1-month survival.Conclusions
While assessing the effectiveness of epinephrine for OHCA, we should consider the time-limited effects of epinephrine. Additionally, consideration of early EA based on the pathophysiology is needed. 相似文献5.
6.
Kenichi Okubo Masashi Kobayashi Hiromasa Morikawa Eiichi Hayatsu 《The Japanese Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery》2006,54(7):268-272
Objective: Induction chemoradiotherapy followed by anatomical resection is a current therapeutic strategy for non-small-cell lung cancer
with mediastinal node involvement. Dense peritracheal fibrosis and sclerosis after chemoradiotherapy cause difficult mediastinal
node dissection. We evaluated a novel technique to make the mediastinal node dissection easier after induction therapy. Methods: At the end of mediastinoscopic node biopsy for staging of lung cancer, cotton-type collagen was inserted anterior and lateral
to the trachea in patients with pathologically confirmed mediastinal node involve-ment (n=45). The induction therapy consisted
of concurrent use of platinum-based chemotherapy and hyperfractionated radiotherapy. After the chemoradiotherapy all patients
underwent a pulmonary resection with complete mediastinal node dissection 7–12 weeks after the collagen insertion. Surgical
findings of the mediastinum and the time for node dissection were compared with those without collagen insertion at mediastinoscopy
after chemoradiotherapy (n=5). Results: All five patients without collagen insertion showed sclerotic and fibrotic change of mediastinal nodes with severe adhesion
to the trachea. In 42 of 45 patients with collagen insertion (93.3%) the collagen remained unabsorbed and separated the mediastinal
nodes from the trachea. Mediastinal node dissection was easily accomplished by removing mediastinal tissues lateral and anterior
to the collagen. The rate of mediastinal node separation was significantly higher with collagen insertion than without (p<
0.0001). The times for node dissection in patients with and without collagen insertion showed no significant difference. Conclusion: Cotton-type collagen insertion at staging mediastinoscopy for lung cancer separates the mediastinal nodes from the trachea
and makes the node dissection easier after induction chemoradiotherapy. 相似文献
7.
Experience with dimethyl sulfoxide treatment for primary localized amyloidosis of the bladder 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
We report a case of primary localized amyloidosis of the bladder treated successfully with transurethral resection and intravesical dimethyl sulfoxide instillation. Dimethyl sulfoxide bladder instillation is useful for the treatment of primary localized amyloidosis of the bladder. 相似文献
8.
9.
10.