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1.
N. T. Kim Oanh B.-E. Bengtsson L. Bætz Reutergårdh D. T. Hoa P.-A. Bergqvist D. Broman Y. Zebühr 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》1999,37(3):303-309
A bleached sulfate integrated pulp and paper mill producing printing and writing paper from mixed tropical hardwood and
bamboo was studied. The mill uses a “conventional bleaching sequence,” C-E-H1-H2, with an average molecular chlorine consumption
of 50 kg per ton of air-dried pulp (ADP). The content of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs)
in the bleaching filtrate in terms of the nordic toxicity equivalent (N-TEQ) was 33.5, 1.15, 0.56, and 0.014 pg/L for the
E, C, H1, and H2 bleaching stages, respectively. The corresponding PCDFs and PCDDs loads in ng/t ADP were in the same ranking,
i.e., 670, 69, 11.2, and 0.28, respectively. The congener and isomeric pattern of PCDFs and PCDDs of the bleaching filtrate and
the bleached pulp was found to be typical for the chlorine bleaching plant effluent. The obtained dioxin load formed in the
mill is in agreement with Western studies for the given multiple chlorine of 0.21–0.23. The load is, however, lower than reported
discharges from Scandinavian mills using 1980s bleaching technologies, but substantially higher than the discharges from mills
with modern bleaching technologies. Modifications in the bleaching plant to reduce molecular chlorine use are necessary to
reduce dioxin formation.
Received: 15 July 1998/Accepted: 17 March 1999 相似文献
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Prabhakar Singh Amit Raj Abhishek Gupta Swetalina Pradhan Naila Aftab Saranya Biswas 《Indian journal of ophthalmology》2022,70(12):4470
Background:Steven–Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a serious disorder affecting the skin and mucous membrane, causing multiple flaccid bullae and purpuric rashes with sheet-like epithelial detachment including the ocular surface. The long-term outcomes following SJS are dismal and manifest as corneal vascularization, lid-wiper keratopathy, and severe dry eyes. The disease course can be modified if amniotic membrane graft is performed at the first week of disease, and the above-said complications can be avoided. This procedure thus not only decreases the morbidity but also improves the quality of life.Purpose:This video discusses the long-term sequelae of SJS which can be modified with timely intervention during the acute stage and thus significantly decreases morbidity.Synopsis:The video demonstrates the simple technique of amniotic membrane transplantation in the acute stage in SJS and its impact in long run.Highlights:There should be a low threshold for doing early amniotic membrane transplantation in patients with SJS with ocular surface involvement. Early intervention can change the disease course and decrease disease morbidity significantly.Video link: https://youtu.be/qgIiVcW56Oo 相似文献
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Ebenezer Oni Oluseye Ogunmoroti Norrina Allen Mouaz H. A-Mallah Ron Blankstein Seth S. Martin Irfan Zeb Mary Cushman Parag H. Joshi Matthew J. Budoff Michael J. Blaha Roger S. Blumenthal Emir Veledar Khurram Nasir 《The American journal of medicine》2021,134(4):519-525
BackgroundThe American Heart Association (AHA) has defined Life's Simple 7 (LS7) as a measure of overall cardiovascular health . Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been involved as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We evaluated the association between LS7 and NAFLD.MethodsWe evaluated participants form the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort. Cardiovascular health score was calculated from the Life's Simple 7 metrics. A score of 0-8 was considered inadequate, 9-10 average, and 11-14 optimal. NAFLD was defined using noncontrast cardiac computed tomography (CT) and a liver/spleen attenuation ratio (L/S) < 1. Multivariable regression were performed to evaluate the association.ResultsOur cross-sectional analysis of 3901 participants showed 19% (n = 747) had optimal cardiovascular health, 33% (n = 1270) had average, and 48% (n = 1884) had inadequate. White participants were most likely to have an optimal score (51%, n = 378), whereas African American participants had the lowest proportion with optimal scores (16%, n = 120; P < 0.001). The overall prevalence of NAFLD was 18% with a distribution of 7%, 14%, and 25% in the optimal, average, and inadequate score categories, respectively (P < 0.001). Adjusted for risk factors, average and optimal health categories had lower odds of NAFLD compared to those with inadequate scores: odds ratio for average, 0.44 (95% confidence interval 0.36-0.54); optimal, odds ratio 0.19 (95% confidence interval 0.14-0.26). This association was similar across gender, race and age groups.ConclusionA more favorable cardiovascular health score was associated with a lower prevalence of NAFLD. This study may suggest a potential of Life's Simple 7 in the prevention of liver disease. 相似文献
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Patient safety is a fundamental aspect of a healthcare system. The aim of this study was to assess the perception and determinants of the patient safety culture of pharmacists in hospitals, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.A survey was conducted with pharmacists in the pharmacies of governmental, /military and private hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The pharmacy survey on patient safety culture questionnaire developed by Agency for Healthcare Research and Qualtity, a hard copy was distriuted to the pharmacists. The positive response rate (RR) was calculated and compared across hospitals using a chi-square test. The predictors of patient safety grades were identified using the generalized estimating equation. The data was analyzed using SAS.A total of 538 questionnaires were distributed, of which 411 responded (RR 76.4%). Of the participants, 229 (56%) were females. The majority 255 (62%) were in the 18 to 34 years age range, and 361 (88%) had a bachelor''s degree. The majority of the sample 376 (92%) was a pharmacist. The Positive RR (PRR) ranged between (25.6%–74%). The highest PRR was observed in teamwork (74.4%), followed by ‘staff, training and skills’ (68%), and ‘organizational learning continuous improvement’ (66%). The lowest PRR was observed in ‘staffing, work pressure, and pace’ (25.5%). Comparing the PPR of the various healthcare sectors, the governmental hospitals scored the highest in all patient safety domains. Generalized Estimating Equation analysis showed that with increase in scores of all patient safety culture domains increased the likelihood of reporting a better patient safety grade, whereas respondents’ demographic characteristics had no effect except the working experience years 6 years and above had odds of poor reporting of the patient safety grade (odds ratio = 2.54, 95% confience interval (1.543, 4.194), (P = .0003).The grades achieved in the various domains of patient safety culture by pharmacists in Riyadh are below the expected standard. The highest scores were achieved in teamwork, with the lowest scores in staffing, work pressure and pace. Overall, pharmacists in government hospital settings have a better perception of patient safety than their peers in other settings. These results provide the baseline evidence for developing future interventional studies aiming at improving patient safety culture in hospital pharmacy settings. 相似文献
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Pregnancy loss, polycystic ovary syndrome, thrombophilia, hypofibrinolysis, enoxaparin, metformin. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Charles J Glueck Ping Wang Naila Goldenberg Luann Sieve 《Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis》2004,10(4):323-334
Thrombophilia, hypofibrinolysis, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are associated with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and spontaneous abortion (SAB) alone and concurrently. The efficacy and safety of combined enoxaparin-metformin was prospectively assessed in women with PCOS with one or more previous SAB, thrombophilia, and/or hypofibrinolysis. Twenty-four white women with PCOS were studied; 23 with previous pregnancies, seven with RPL of unknown etiology (>/=three consecutive pregnancy losses <20 weeks' gestation), two with two consecutive SABs, 13 with one SAB, and one with one live birth (HELLP syndrome). Prospectively, metformin (1.5 to 2.55 g/day) was administered before and throughout gestation, with concurrent enoxaparin (60 mg/day) throughout gestation. The 24 cases differed from 93 normal white female controls for the factor V Leiden mutation, 17% vs. 2%, Fisher's p [p(f)] = .016, and for the 4G4G mutation of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) gene (46% vs. 24%, Chi-square 4.63, p =. 031). The patients also differed from 44 normal white female controls for high levels (> 21.1 U/mL) of the PAI-1 gene product, plasminogen activator inhibitor activity (PAI-Fx) (33% vs. 8%, p(f) =. 018), and for high factor VIII (>150%) (22% vs. 0%, p(f) = .037). Of the 24 women, 23 had 65 previous pregnancies without metformin or enoxaparin, with 18 live births, 46 SAB (71%), and one elective abortion. On metforminenoxaparin, the same 23 women had 26 current pregnancies (28 fetuses), with 20 live births, two normal pregnancies 13 weeks or longer, and six SAB (21%), 3.4-fold lower than previous gestations (McNemar's S = 33.6, p <. 0001). There were no adverse maternal or fetal therapy effects. Enoxaparin-metformin reduces pregnancy loss in women with PCOS with one or more previous SAB, who also have thrombophilia and/or hypofibrinolysis. 相似文献
7.
Andrew D. Choi Dustin M. Thomas James Lee Suhny Abbara Ricardo C. Cury Jonathon A. Leipsic Christopher Maroules Prashant Nagpal Michael L. Steigner Dee Dee Wang Michelle C. Williams Irfan Zeb Todd C. Villines Ron Blankstein 《Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography》2021,15(1):2-15
Cardiovascular computed tomography (CCT) is a well-validated non-invasive imaging tool with an ever-expanding array of applications beyond the assessment of coronary artery disease. These include the evaluation of structural heart diseases, congenital heart diseases, peri-procedural electrophysiology applications, and the functional evaluation of ischemia. This breadth requires a robust and diverse training curriculum to ensure graduates of CCT training programs meet minimum competency standards for independent CCT interpretation. This statement from the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography aims to supplement existing societal training guidelines by providing a curriculum and competency framework to inform the development of a comprehensive, integrated training experience for cardiology and radiology trainees in CCT. 相似文献
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