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Healthy lungs tolerate repetitive collapse and reopening during short periods of mechanical ventilation 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
V. Taskar J. John E. Evander P. Wollmer B. Robertson B. Jonson 《Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica》1995,39(3):370-376
The possible occurrence of lung damage if alveolar units are allowed to collapse and reopen breath by breath during mechanical ventilation with normal tidal volumes was investigated. Anaesthetised, paralysed, open chest rabbits were subjected to either intrathoracic negative (NEEP; n=6) or positive (PEEP; n=6) end-expiratory pressure during volume controlled mechanical ventilation. Both experimental settings were preceded by a 30 min control period and followed by a 30 min recovery period during which a PEEP of 0.2 kPa was maintained. Pao2 and pulmonary compliance deteriorated significantly in the NEEP group during the experimental period and compared to ventilation with PEEP. Partial restoration of lung mechanics and blood gases was achieved during the recovery period. After an alveolar recruitment manoeuvre, this recovery was complete. Lung clearance studied by depositing an aerosol of technetium-99m-labelled diethylenetriamine pentaacetate (99m Tc-DTPA) in the alveoli, was significantly faster during ventilation with NEEP compared to the PEEP group ( P =0.0002) as well as the control period ( P = 0.0029). It did not recover completely during the recovery period but remained significantly faster. light microscopic histology was normal in both groups with no evidence of inflammation or epithelial disruption. We conclude that previously healthy rabbit lungs show only a transient disturbance of lung mechanics and blood gases with repetitive collapse and re-expansion. The integrity of the alveolar rnicrostructure is preserved. The disturbance in the alveolo-capillary permeability persists and may indicate surfactant related alveolo-capillary barrier dysfunction. 相似文献
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Pelin Sahlén Rapolas Spalinskas Samina Asad Kunal Das Mahapatra Pontus Höjer Anandashankar Anil Jesper Eisfeldt Ankit Srivastava Pernilla Nikamo Anaya Mukherjee Kyu-Han Kim Otto Bergman Mona Ståhle Enikö Sonkoly Andor Pivarcsi Carl-Fredrik Wahlgren Magnus Nordenskjöld Fulya Taylan Isabel Tapia-Páez 《The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology》2021,147(5):1742-1752
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Arsenic (As) contamination in ground water has affected more than 19 countries. Approximately 36 million people in the Bengal delta alone are exposed to this toxicant via drinking water (>50 microg/l) and are at potential health risk. Chronic ingestion of As via drinking water is associated with occurrence of skin lesions, cancer and other arsenic-induced diseases in West Bengal, India. An in vitro cytogenetic study was performed utilizing chromosomal aberrations (CA) in lymphocytes treated with sodium arsenite (0-5 microM) in six symptomatic (having arsenic-related skin lesions) individuals, six age- and sex-matched As-exposed asymptomatic (no arsenic-related skin lesions) individuals and six control individuals with similar socio-economic status residing in non-affected districts of West Bengal with no evidence of As exposure. The mean As content in nails and hair was 9.61 and 5.23 microg/g in symptomatic, 3.48 and 2.17 microg/g in asymptomatic and 0.42 and 0.33 microg/g in the control individuals, respectively. The main aim of our study was to determine whether genotoxic effects differed in the lymphocytes of the control (no exposure to arsenic), asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals after in vitro treatment with sodium arsenite. Although both the exposed groups had chronic exposure to As through the drinking water, individuals with skin lesions accumulated more As in their nails and hair and excreted less in urine (127.80 versus 164.15 microg/l). The results show that sodium arsenite induced a significantly higher percentage of aberrant cells in the lymphocytes of control individuals than in the lymphocytes of both the exposed groups. Within the two exposed groups As induced higher incidences of CA in the symptomatic than the asymptomatic individuals. These results suggest that asymptomatic individuals have relatively lower sensitivity and susceptibility to induction of genetic damage by As compared with the symptomatic individuals. 相似文献
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Jagjeet Singh Sahil Sharma A. K. Saxena Kunal Nepali Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi 《Medicinal chemistry research》2013,22(7):3160-3169
In view of the drug resistance with most of the currently used anticancer drugs, molecular hybrids of pyrazolyl chalcones and p-nitro benzyl functionalities tethered by triazole ring have been synthesised and evaluated for cytotoxic studies against three human cancer cell lines (THP, COLO-205, A-549). The results of the preliminary investigation exhibited marked dependence of the cytotoxic activity on the electronic factors. Placement of naphthyl (JGPT-11) and trimethoxy phenyl ring (JGPT-6) as ring A proved to be extremely beneficial in enhancing the cytotoxic potential. Thus we herein report the synthesis and cytotoxic studies of a new class of molecular hybrids. Detailed investigation on the biological mechanistic insights of JGPT-11 and 6 is under progress. 相似文献
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Compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude declines during a paralytic attack in patients with hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HPP). However, serial motor nerve conduction studies in hypokalemic paralysis have not been commonly reported. We report two cases with hypokalemic paralysis, who had severely reduced CMAPs in all motor nerves at presentation during the episode of quadriparesis. However, the amplitude of CMAPs increased and reached normal levels, as the serum potassium concentration and motor power returned to normal state. 相似文献
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Association of HLA phenotype with primary non-response to recombinant hepatitis B vaccine: a study from north India. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The hepatitis B vaccine is considered to be highly immunogenic and has a good safety profile. In adults, it has a primary non-response rate of 5%-10%. Causes of nonresponse to hepatitis B vaccine include age, sex, obesity smoking. Certain human leucocyte antigen (HLA) phenotypes have been known to be associated with responsiveness to the vaccine, and found to be different in different ethnic groups, such as Caucasians and Orientals. The study was designed to identify the HLA phenotypes that are associated with non-responsiveness to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination amongst a cohort of Indian subjects who agreed to participate in the vaccination programme. The study was offered to 107 volunteers, of whom 102 were found to be negative for HBV markers (hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg], anti-HBc, anti-HBe, anti-HBs, hepatitis Be antigen [HBeAg]) . All 102 volunteers were offered recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (20 microg) at 0, 1, and 6 months. Anti-HBs antibody titres were tested on days 90 and 210 of the first vaccine dose. HLA typing was done using standard microlymphotoxicity tests. The seroconversion rate of the hepatitis B vaccine was 86.3% (88/102). Fifteen nonresponders (15/102) and 15 of the 88 responders were randomly selected after age and sex matching for the purpose of studying the HLA phenotypes. HLA subtypes A1, B15, B40, A10 and DQ2 were found to be increased among nonresponders while HLA- A11, C3, DR10, DR51 (p>0.05) were the most common phenotypes amongst the responders. Further studies are needed to characterize the HLA phenotypes amongst the responders in different ethnic groups in India with respect to HBV vaccination. 相似文献
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