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1.
Mechanism of long-term degeneration of arterialized vein grafts 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
This study examined long-term changes in the morphology and cellular kinetics of rabbit vein grafts transplanted into the carotid artery. Six grafts were studied 1 year after implantation. Although the circumference and thickness of the wall were not different than at 12 weeks, degenerative changes occurred. The endothelial lining of the graft appeared intact, but large segments of the graft surface no longer excluded Evans blue dye, suggesting increased permeability. Collections of red blood cells were noted within the intima. Several grafts had extensive subendothelial fibrin deposits, often associated with foam cells, and evidence of previous hemorrhage, but these changes did not stimulate significant smooth muscle cell proliferation. Increased permeability with entrance of proteins and erythrocytes into the intima may result from increased wall tension or from low shear rates at the wall. Similar changes may lead to atherosclerosis in human vein grafts at late times. 相似文献
2.
A sexually dimorphic ratio of orbitofrontal to amygdala volume is altered in schizophrenia. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Raquel E Gur Christian Kohler Bruce I Turetsky Steven J Siegel Stephen J Kanes Warren B Bilker Avis R Brennan Ruben C Gur 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2004,55(5):512-517
BACKGROUND: Neuroanatomic sexual dimorphisms have been correlated with behavioral differences between healthy men and women. We have reported higher orbitofrontal cortex to amygdala ratio (OAR) in women than men. Although gender differences in schizophrenia are evident clinically and correlate with neuroanatomic measures, their relationship to OAR has not been examined. METHODS: Magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 31 neuroleptic-na?ve schizophrenic patients (16 men) and 80 healthy volunteers (34 men), aged less than 50 years. An automated tissue segmentation procedure was combined with expert-guided parcellation of orbitofrontal and amygdala volumes. RESULTS: Men with schizophrenia had increased OAR relative to healthy men, whereas women had decreased OAR. Increased OAR in men with schizophrenia reflected abnormally low amygdala volumes, whereas decreased OAR in women reflected abnormally low orbitofrontal volumes. Less severe negative symptoms were associated with increased OAR in men but with decreased OAR in women. In men, increased amygdala volume was associated with greater symptom severity, whereas in women higher volumes of both amygdala and orbitofrontal regions were associated with lesser severity of negative symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: These opposite OAR abnormalities, whereby men show feminization and women masculinization, suggest gender-mediated effects of the underlying neuropathologic processes. The correlations with symptom severity suggest that neuroanatomic abnormalities in OAR reflect compensatory brain changes. 相似文献
3.
It is often difficult to make a clinical or histologic diagnosis of erythrodermic mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS). Whereas the histologic parameters for making a diagnosis of MF with well-developed patch and plaque stage lesions are clearly defined, the same criteria appear to be less relevant for diagnosing MF in patients with erythroderma secondary to the disease. In order to better define the histologic features of erythrodermic MF and SS, we studied 28 routine histologic sections of 17 patients with known erythrodermic MF or SS. Sections were reviewed independently by 2 dermatopathologists. Each of 24 parameters was scored semi-quantitatively and the data were compared to data previously reported from a group of 64 patients with limited patch and plaque stage lesions of MF. When compared to biopsies from patients with limited patch/plaque lesions, biopsies taken from erythrodermic patients displayed more parakeratosis (p=0.0492) and acanthosis (p=0.0046), less disproportionate epidermotropism, fewer lymphocytes aligned within the basal layer (p=0.0045), fewer hyper-convoluted cells in the epidermis, more dermal hyperconvoluted cells (p=0.0191), more papillary dermal fibrosis (p=0.0002), more prominent teleangiectasias (p=0.0028) and more mitotic figures.
The histologic features of erythrodermic MF and Sézary syndrome are even more subtle than the features of patch and plaque stage MF, thus rendering the histologic diagnosis more difficult. 相似文献
The histologic features of erythrodermic MF and Sézary syndrome are even more subtle than the features of patch and plaque stage MF, thus rendering the histologic diagnosis more difficult. 相似文献
4.
Vesicoureteral reflux diagnosed in adulthood. Incidence of urinary tract infections, hypertension, proteinuria, back pain and renal calculi 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Kohler J; Tencer J; Thysell H; Forsberg L 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》1997,12(12):2580-2587
Study purpose: To determine the incidence of urinary
tract infections, hypertension, back pain, and renal calculi in adult
patients with vesicoureteral reflux and reflux nephropathy.
Methods: A group of 115 patients (16-60 years of age,
median 28 years) with vesicoureteral reflux, combined with reflux
nephropathy in 101 patients, first detected between 1967 and 1984, was
studied retrospectively. The group comprised 99 women and 16 men.
Results: Symptoms and findings associated with the
urinary tract preceded the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux by median 14
years (1-60 years). Intravenous pyelography preceded investigation with
micturating cystography in 99 patients. Fifteen patients had no urinary
tract infections, 17 patients had only lower urinary tract infections, and
83 patients had upper with or without lower urinary tract infections.
Females had 12 times more lower and seven times more upper urinary tract
infections than males, whereas males had impairment of renal function and
proteinuria more often than females. Hypertension was present in 39
patients (34%) and five times more frequent in patients with bilateral than
in those with unilateral reflux nephropathy. The median age at the first
recording of hypertension was 33 years (16-60 years). Malignant
hypertension was uncommon and occurred in two patients. An older group
(>45 years of age at presentation) of 19 patients showed a 90%
incidence of hypertension compared with 23% in 96 patients in the younger
group (⩽45 years of age at presentation). Back pain of varying type
and severity was present in 48 patients (42%). A total of 38 renal calculi
was found in 21 (18%) patients, of whom 14 were completely asymptomatic.
Conclusions: The natural history of vesicoureteral
reflux first detected in adulthood has shown a strikingly high incidence of
urinary tract infections, arterial hypertension, back pain, and renal
calculi. 相似文献
5.
This retrospective study was undertaken to determine the role of arteriography in the treatment of patients being considered for carotid endarterectomy. The results of preoperative classification of disease severity by duplex ultrasound and arteriography were compared, and the impact of arteriography on patient management was ascertained. We reviewed the records of 83 patients who had carotid surgery planned on the basis of their clinical history and duplex scan results and who then underwent arteriography. Duplex scan results agreed with the classification of stenosis by arteriography in 87% of evaluated sides and were within one category in 98%. In 87% of the cases reviewed, the clinical presentation and duplex scan findings were sufficient for appropriate patient management. In the instances that arteriography was useful (13%), the need for arteriography was evident when the duplex scan (1) was technically inadequate or equivocal; (2) showed an unusual distribution of disease, atypical anatomy, or a recurrent lesion; or (3) demonstrated an internal carotid artery with diameter-reducing stenosis of less than 50% in a patient with hemispheric neurologic symptoms despite antiplatelet therapy. 相似文献
6.
Markus Kohler Hans M. Eppenberger Imogen Cordt-Riehle Christian Michel 《Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden)》1992,31(6):673-677
Urination frequency and cystic pressure resistance have been used as end-points to assess x-ray-induced changes of bladder function. Whole or half bladders of adult male rabbits were irradiated, caudally or cranially. The absorbed dose was 33 Gy, 36 Gy or 39 Gy, given in 5 daily fractions. Animals which received a whole bladder dose of 39 Gy or 36 Gy showed increased urination frequency and enhanced bladder pressure resistance during the whole follow-up time of 100 weeks, compared with the sham-irradiated controls. At half bladder irradiation, only the highest doses (39 Gy to the cranial part of the bladder and 39 Gy or 36 Gy to the caudal part) gave rise to a slight increase in frequency at about 20 weeks after exposure. 相似文献
7.
Luciana Dias de Oliveira Elsa Regina Justo Giugliani Lílian Córdova do Espírito Santo Maristela Cavalheiro Tamborindeguy Fran?a Enilda Maria Lara Weigert Celina Valderez Feijó Kohler Ana Lúcia de Lourenzi Bonilha 《Journal of human lactation》2006,22(3):315-321
This randomized clinical trial compared frequencies of exclusive breastfeeding and lactation-related problems during the first 30 days among 74 mothers who received a 30-minute counseling session on breastfeeding technique in the maternity ward, and 137 controls. The frequency of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers who had received intervention was similar to controls by 7 days (79.7% vs 82.5%, respectively) and 30 days (60.8% vs 53.3%). There was no difference between groups in the frequency of sore nipples at 7 and 30 days, in breast engorgement and mastitis, and in the quality of breastfeeding technique at 30 days. Therefore, a single intervention at maternity was not sufficient to improve breastfeeding technique, increase exclusive breastfeeding rates, and reduce the incidence of breastfeeding problems during the first month. 相似文献
8.
The classification of fractures of the scapula (type A: body and process fractures; type B: neck fractures; type C: glenoid fractures) is shown, and the indications for conservative and operative treatment are described, as are the surgical approaches and operative techniques. In our hospital, 93 patients with 153 fractures of the scapula type A, B or C (ratio 1.6:1) were treated. This ratio was 1.7:1 in patients treated by operation. The indication for operation was usually glenoid fractures with accessory process fractures. 相似文献
9.
Elisabeth M Weiss Edith Stadelmann Christian G Kohler Colleen M Brensinger Karen A Nolan Herbert Oberacher Walther Parson Florian Pitterl Harald Niederst?tter Georg Kemmler Hartmann Hinterhuber Josef Marksteiner 《Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society》2007,13(5):881-887
The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met polymorphism modulates executive functions and working memory and recent neuroimaging studies implicate an association with emotional processing. We examined the relationship between the COMT Val158Met polymorphism and facial emotion recognition and differentiation in 100 healthy individuals. Compared to Met homozygosity, Val homozygosity was associated with better and faster recognition of negative facial expressions such as anger and sad. Our study provides evidence for a possible influence of the COMT polymorphism on emotion recognition abilities in healthy subjects. Additional research is needed to further define the neurocognitive phenotypes associated with COMT polymorphisms. 相似文献
10.