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The effect of chemical shift on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the pituitary fossa was studied. Healthy volunteers underwent conventional MR imaging of the pituitary fossa and then imaging with the frequency-encoding gradient reversed or with the phase- and frequency-encoding gradients interchanged. Comparison of the image pairs in each subject showed that the thin, black stripe evident at the water-fat interface within the pituitary fossa was altered when the gradients were changed. Therefore, the low-intensity signal within the pituitary fossa is a chemical shift misregistration effect. 相似文献
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Anulus fibrosus in bulging intervertebral disks 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In this investigation the association of radial tears of the anulus fibrosus and bulging of the intervertebral disk was studied. An index of disk bulging was measured in sagittal anatomic sections in 149 lumbar disks from 31 cadavers. The indexes of disk bulging were correlated with stages of disk development and the presence of an annular tear. The largest disk-bulging indexes were always associated with radial tears of the anulus. Eighty-four percent of the disks with radial tears had disk-bulging indexes greater than 2.5 mm. Most normal adult disks had an index of less than 2.5 mm. The results challenge the concept that the anulus fibrosus is intact in bulging disks, although ruptured in herniated disks. 相似文献
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Graded Pneumatic Dilation using Rigiflex Achalasia Dilators in Patients with Primary Esophageal Achalasia 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
Shailesh C. Kadakia M.D. F.A.C.P. F.A.C.G. F.C.C.P. Roy K. H. Wong M.D. F.A.C.P. F.A.C.G. 《The American journal of gastroenterology》1993,88(1):34-38
Pneumatic dilation is the initial therapy for primary esophageal achalasia. Recently, polyethylene balloon (Rigiflex) dilators have been used with varying success and complication rate. We performed a total of 47 dilations in 29 consecutive patients with achalasia using the Rigiflex dilators. The 3.0-cm balloon was always used first. If there was no symptomatic response, a 3.5-cm balloon was used after 4–8 wk. If there was still no symptomatic response after 4-8 wk, a 4.0-cm dilator was used. Eighteen (62%) patients were successfully dilated with a 3.0-cm balloon only. Of 11 patients not responding to a 3.0-cm balloon, five were dilated successfully with a 3.5-cm balloon. Of six patients not responding to a 3.5-cm balloon, four were successfully dilated with a 4.0-cm balloon dilator. Two patients eventually required surgery. The overall success with Rigiflex balloon dilator was achieved in 27 of 29 (93%) patients. There were no complications. We conclude that pneumatic dilation for esophageal achalasia performed in a graded fashion starting with Rigiflex 3.0-cm balloon dilator has a high success rate without complications in patients with achalasia. 相似文献
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Sanjana VM; Johnston PA; Robertson CR; Jamison RL 《The American journal of physiology》1976,231(2):313-318
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Rao VM; Dalinka MK; Mitchell DG; Spritzer CE; Kaplan F; August CS; Axel L; Kressel HY 《Radiology》1986,161(1):217-220
Four patients with proved osteopetrosis (three with the infantile malignant form and one with the benign form) were examined with magnetic resonance imaging at 1.5 T. All patients were studied in the coronal and sagittal planes using both short and long repetition time/echo time sequences. The infantile malignant form was characterized by a complete lack of signal from the marrow alternating with a signal intensity equivalent to that of the intervertebral disks, resulting in a "stepladder" appearance. In the benign form or after successful marrow transplantation in the infantile malignant form, intermediate or high signal intensity in the vertebrae was noted, suggesting the presence of some marrow elements. 相似文献
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Craig C. Akoh Jie Chen Rishin Kadakia Young Uk Park Hyongnyun Kim Samuel B. Adams 《Foot and Ankle Surgery》2021,27(4):381-388
BackgroundThe prevalence of osteoarthritis of the hallux metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) is 1 in 40 people over the age of 50. Surgical treatment options for MTPJ arthritis include joint preservation, joint resurfacing, and arthrodesis. Hallux MTPJ implants have evolved over the past several decades, but are associated with various complications. The aim of this study was to examine the MAUDE database to determine reported adverse events for hallux MTPJ implants.Materials and methodsThe US Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database was reviewed from 2010 to 2018 to review voluntary reported adverse event reports for approved implants within the United States. We recorded the type of adverse event and excluded duplicate reports and those extracted from already published literature.ResultsAmong 64 reported hallux MTPJ implant adverse events, the most common modes of adverse events were component loosening (34%), infection (14.1%), component fracture (9.4%), inflammation (9.4%), and allergic reaction (7.8%). Regarding implant type, Cartiva SCI had the highest percentage of adverse events (23.4%), followed by Arthrosurface ToeMotion (20.3%), Ascension MGT (12.5%), Arthrosurface HemiCAP® (10.9%), Futura primus (9.4%), and Osteomed Reflexion (6.3%). There was an increase in reported adverse events after 2016. The MAUDE database does not report the total incidence of implant insertion.ConclusionOur study of the MAUDE database demonstrated that component loosening and infection are the most common modes of adverse events for hallux MTPJ implants. Cartiva accounted for one-fourth of the implant-related adverse events during our study period, followed by ToeMotion, and Ascension MGT implants. Continued reporting of adverse events will improve our understanding on short and long-term complications of various hallux MTPJ implants.Level of evidenceLevel IV; Case Series from Large Database Analysis; Treatment Study. 相似文献