经皮电刺激联合导乐镇痛对分娩结局的影响及安全性分析

目的 探讨经皮电刺激联合导乐分娩镇痛对分娩结局的影响及安全性。方法 选择160例在我院住院待产的产妇作为研究对象,随机将其分为观察组与对照组,每组各80例;其中对照组予导乐分娩镇痛,观察组给予经皮电刺激联合导乐分娩镇痛。观察比较两组的VAS评分、产程时间、产后出血、剖宫产率、产妇满意度、新生儿情况、不良反应发生情况等。结果 与镇痛前比较,观察组镇痛后各时间段VAS评分降低,P＜0.05;与对照组比较,观察组的产后2 h出血量、剖宫产率降低,产妇满意度提高,P＜0.05。结论 经皮电刺激联合导乐镇痛可减轻产妇痛苦,降低剖宫产率,减少产后出血,提高产妇满意度,且无明显不良反应,值得在临床上推广应用。     

丁香郁金配伍的药理研究

丁香郁金配伍属中药配伍禁忌“十九畏”之一，本文就二者单独使用和配伍后的抗炎、镇痛、止泻、抗溃疡等指标进行了动物药效学试验。二药配伍后镇痛、抗炎及止泻作用有下降趋势；抗溃疡作用不受影响；对试验动物胸腺指数和脾脏指数无明显影响。实验结果，二者配伍似属“相恶”。     

音乐疗法治疗慢性精神分裂症疗效分析

目的 观察音乐疗法对慢性精神分裂症的治疗效果。方法 住院慢性精神分裂症患者64例，随机分为实验组和对照组，各32例，观察8周，以BPRS、SANS量表评定疗效。结果 两组患者BPRS、SANS评分差异均有显著性意义。结论 音乐疗法对慢性精神分裂症病人的康复治疗有一定疗效。     

硬膜外注射曲马多和咪唑安定用于术后镇痛效果观察

目的 :观察硬膜外注射曲马多和咪唑安定用于腹部手术术后镇痛效果、不良反应和对血流动力学及呼吸的影响。方法 :随机选择 40例连续硬膜外麻醉下行中、下腹部手术患者 ,ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级。分为 2组 ,Ⅰ组 (曲马多和咪唑安定组 ) 2 0例 ;Ⅱ组 (曲马多组 ) 2 0例。于关腹时 ,Ⅰ组将曲马多 10 0ml和咪唑安定 2 .5mg ,用生理盐水稀释至 10ml;Ⅱ组将曲马多 10 0mg用生理盐水稀释至 10ml,均一次缓慢注入硬膜外腔。监测注药后 10min ,2 0min和30min的平均动脉压 (pMA)、心率 (fH)、血氧饱和度 (xO2 )、呼吸频率 (fR)和心电图 (ECG)变化。PrinceHennry疼痛评分标准评价镇痛效果 ,同时记录镇痛时间及不良反应。结果 :Ⅰ组镇痛评分为 (1.2 5± 1.10 ) ,疼痛完全缓解率为85 % ,Ⅱ组评分为 (1.75± 1.12 ) ,疼痛完全缓解率为 75 %。镇痛完全时间Ⅰ组为 (15 .4± 4.4)h ,Ⅱ组为 (10 .9± 0 .9)h ,Ⅰ组明显长于Ⅱ组 (P <0 .0 1)。监测各项指标与注药前比较差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。 2组患者均未发现肺部并发症及心律失常。结论 :术后硬膜外注入曲马多和咪唑安定可提供确切的镇痛效果 ,且患者呼吸及循环功能稳定 ,是一种安全可靠的术后镇痛方法     

Stochastic Multiscale Heat Transfer Analysis of Heterogeneous Materials with Multiple Random Configurations

This study presents a new stochastic multiscale analysis approach to analyze the heat transfer performance of heterogeneous materials with random structures at different length scales. The heterogeneities of the materials are taken into account by periodic layouts of unit cells, consisting of randomly distributed inclusion dispersions and homogeneous matrix on the microscale and mesoscale. Based on the reiterated homogenization, a novel unified micro-meso-macro stochastic multiscale formulation is established and the scale gap is correlated by means of two-scale asymptotic expansions. Also, the stochastic multiscale formulae for computing the effective thermal property and temperature field are derived successively. Then, the stochastic prediction algorithm coupled with the finite element method is brought forward in details. The accuracy of the implemented stochastic multiscale analysis is verified by comparing the results against the experimental data for three scales heterogeneous materials with several different material combinations. The comparison demonstrates the usability of the proposed stochastic multiscale method for the determination of the thermal behaviors. This study offers a unified multiscale framework that enables heat transfer behavior analysis of heterogeneous materials with multiple random configurations.     

The effect of concurrent nasal surgery on the eustachian tube function and myringoplasty outcomes

ObjectiveTo investigate the Effect of concurrent nasal surgery on the eustachian tube function (ETF) and myringoplasty outcomes for the chronic perforations with coexistent nasal pathology.Materials and methodsWe retrospectively reviewed the records of 93 patients with perforations who underwent same-day myringoplasty and nasal-septal surgery. Group A exhibited septal deviations (n = 34) and Group B inflammatory sinus disease (n = 59). Groups were compared with respect to pre- and postoperative air-bone gaps (ABGs), graft success rates and ETF (Eustachian tube score [ETS] and seven-item Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire [ETDQ-7]) at 6 and 24 months.ResultsGraft success rates were 100.0% in Group A and 98.3% in Group B at 6 months postoperatively (P = 0.445). Graft success rates were 85.3% in Group A and 96.6% in Group B at 24 months postoperatively (P = 0.046), the re-perforation rate was significantly higher in Group A than in Group B (P = 0.015). Although the preoperative ETS was similar between two groups, the postoperative ETS in the Group B was significantly higher compared with Group A regardless of at postoperative 6th and 24th months. In addition, difference was significant for the patients with positive Valsalva maneuver among two groups at postoperative 24th months. Also, the improvement in the ETDQ-7 score in the B group was significantly higher than that in the A group at postoperative 6th and 24th months.ConclusionsConcurrent nasal surgery and myringoplasty is feasible. In addition, ESS improves ETF and thus long-term outcomes of myringoplasty for the chronic perforations with inflammatory sinus disease.     

射频导管消融与经球囊超声导管消融犬下腔静脉口的病理对照研究

目的：观察并对比射频导管消融与经球囊超声导管消融犬下腔静脉开口处后静脉壁的近期及远期病理改变，探讨消融术后静脉狭窄的病理机制。方法：对两组共6条杂种犬行下腔静脉造影后分别用射频及超声能量消融下腔静脉开口处，术后30min,4周，12周分别取两组试验犬各1条，重复下腔静脉造影后处死，取被消融处组织制成切片，光镜下观察。结果：下腔静脉造影示射频导管消融组术后30min,3条犬均有下腔静脉不同程度的狭窄，而超声消融组则没有。术后12周时处死的两条犬均有管腔狭窄，慢性期大体标本显示射频导管消融术后可使静脉客壁形成局限的，僵硬的，形状不规则的疤痕，管壁挛缩，而超声组在静脉内壁仅形成光滑的，均匀的，连续的环状损伤，组织学观察均显示不同程度的内膜损伤及增生，全层肌组织破坏并逐渐被纤维组织取代，管壁挛缩，但射频导管消融组改变更明显。结论：射频导管消融与经球囊超声导管消融均可造成血管透壁损伤，术后病理演变过程相似，超声在血管内壁造成的损伤轻微，均匀，呈连续环状，慢性期修复反应较轻，虽有形成管腔狭窄的可能，但较射频导管消融组轻微，且操作简便，效果确切，是较为理想的消融方法。     

药品临床前安全评价过程中供试品的 GLP 管理

药品临床前安全评价过程中供试品的管理必须符合GLP规范要求。规范的GLP管理需要设立符合条件的专职管理人员；在规定的专用保存场所对供试品进行接收、保存和分发；保存条件要确保供试品的性状稳定和安全保存；其管理原则是控制保存场所的环境条件，对接收、保存和分发过程中供试品的数量和状态进行记录，做到进出平衡，确保其性状稳定。     

天麻多糖对小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的：研究天麻多糖对小鼠免疫功能的影响.方法：3,5-二硝基水杨酸（DNS）比色法测定水不溶性天麻多糖的单糖含量;纸层析法分析水不溶性天麻多糖的单糖组成成分;测定小鼠血清中免疫球蛋白的含量,称量小鼠的脾脏和胸腺的重量,并计算出脾脏指数和胸腺指数.结果：水不溶性天麻多糖主要由葡萄糖组成,其含量为92.1%.该多糖能提高免疫抑制小鼠的免疫球蛋白含量（P＜0.01）,同时也能升高免疫抑制小鼠的胸腺指数（P＜0.05）.结论：天麻多糖具有免疫调节作用,有良好的开发利用价值.     

关于生物仿制药药学研究问题的思考

由于生物制品的复杂性,化学仿制药物的研究方法并不完全适用于生物仿制药物。本文将就国内外对于生物仿制药注册申请的相关技术要求进行简要回顾,并从药品评价角度提出一些对于生物仿制药药学研究问题的个人观点和看法。