全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5952篇 |
免费 | 182篇 |
国内免费 | 27篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 170篇 |
儿科学 | 204篇 |
妇产科学 | 417篇 |
基础医学 | 930篇 |
口腔科学 | 34篇 |
临床医学 | 257篇 |
内科学 | 1272篇 |
皮肤病学 | 78篇 |
神经病学 | 583篇 |
特种医学 | 111篇 |
外科学 | 541篇 |
综合类 | 39篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 321篇 |
眼科学 | 173篇 |
药学 | 753篇 |
中国医学 | 9篇 |
肿瘤学 | 268篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 20篇 |
2022年 | 52篇 |
2021年 | 144篇 |
2020年 | 48篇 |
2019年 | 72篇 |
2018年 | 144篇 |
2017年 | 111篇 |
2016年 | 103篇 |
2015年 | 121篇 |
2014年 | 203篇 |
2013年 | 274篇 |
2012年 | 401篇 |
2011年 | 439篇 |
2010年 | 198篇 |
2009年 | 155篇 |
2008年 | 312篇 |
2007年 | 340篇 |
2006年 | 388篇 |
2005年 | 359篇 |
2004年 | 416篇 |
2003年 | 385篇 |
2002年 | 345篇 |
2001年 | 159篇 |
2000年 | 156篇 |
1999年 | 99篇 |
1998年 | 35篇 |
1997年 | 21篇 |
1996年 | 20篇 |
1995年 | 20篇 |
1994年 | 15篇 |
1992年 | 24篇 |
1991年 | 20篇 |
1990年 | 28篇 |
1989年 | 17篇 |
1988年 | 29篇 |
1987年 | 24篇 |
1986年 | 24篇 |
1985年 | 22篇 |
1983年 | 19篇 |
1982年 | 21篇 |
1979年 | 23篇 |
1977年 | 24篇 |
1976年 | 17篇 |
1975年 | 40篇 |
1974年 | 37篇 |
1973年 | 29篇 |
1972年 | 16篇 |
1971年 | 23篇 |
1970年 | 22篇 |
1969年 | 20篇 |
排序方式: 共有6161条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Agata Cieślik-Bielecka Paweł Reichert Rafał Skowroński Tomasz Bielecki 《Platelets》2019,30(6):728-736
The current literature suggests that the antibacterial effect of leukocyte- and platelet-rich plasma (L-PRP) is directly related to platelet and leukocyte concentrations. The aim of this study was twofold: first, to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of L-PRP against selected bacterial strains in vitro, and second, to correlate this effect with leukocyte and platelet content in the final concentration. Blood was collected from 20 healthy males, and L-PRP, acellular plasma (AP), and autologous thrombin were consecutively prepared. Flow cytometry analysis of the blood, L-PRP, and AP was performed. The L-PRP gel, liquid L-PRP, and thrombin samples were tested in vitro for their antibacterial properties against seven selected bacterial strains using the Kirby–Bauer disk-diffusion method. There was notable antimicrobial activity against selected bacterial strains. No statistically significant correlations between antimicrobial activities and the platelet concentration in L-PRP were observed. Statistically significant positive correlations between selected leukocyte subtypes and antimicrobial activity were noted. A negative correlation was found between elevated monocyte count and antimicrobial activity of L-PRP against one bacterial strain studied. L-PRP possesses antimicrobial activity and can be potentially useful in the fight against certain postoperative infections. The bactericidal effect of L-PRP is caused by leukocytes, and there exists a relationship among selected leukocyte subtypes and L-PRP antimicrobial activity. 相似文献
2.
Inflammation but not obesity or insulin resistance is associated with increased plasma fibroblast growth factor 23 concentration in the elderly
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Clinical endocrinology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
3.
Lara Feulner Hamed S. Najafabadi Simon Tanguay Janusz Rak Yasser Riazalhosseini 《Urologic oncology》2019,37(2):166-175
Background
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is known to occur across the adult lifetime traversing the spectrum of age-related organismal changes. Little is known as to how the aging process may affect the course of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and the repertoire of genes involved.Methods
Using The Cancer Genome Atlas (n?=?436) and Cancer Genomics of the Kidney (n?=?89) datasets, we applied regression analysis to examine associations between patient age and gene expression profiles in ccRCC tumors and normal kidney tissues. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed to identify cellular process that is affected by aging in ccRCC. Moreover, connectivity mapping analysis was used to predict age-dependent response to drug treatments.Results
Our analysis revealed different age-dependent gene expression spectra in ccRCC and normal kidney tissues. These findings were significant and independently reproducible in both datasets examined. Age up-regulated genes, showing higher expression in older patients, were significantly enriched (false discovery rate <0.05) in normal tissues for pathways associated with immune response and extracellular matrix organization, whereas age up-regulated genes in tumors were enriched for metabolism and oxidation pathways. Strikingly, age down-regulated genes in normal cells were also enriched for metabolism and oxidation, while those in tumors were enriched for extracellular matrix organization. Further in silico analysis of potential drug targets predicted preferential efficacy of Phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor or immunotherapy in association with age.Conclusion
We report on previously unrecognized associations between age and molecular underpinnings of RCC, including age-associated expression of genes implicated in RCC development or treatment. 相似文献4.
Janusz Strzelczyk Leszek Czupryniak Jerzy Loba Janusz Wasiak 《Langenbeck's archives of surgery / Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie》2002,387(7-8):294-297
BACKGROUND: Incisional hernia is a common problem following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity. PATIENTS AND MATERIALS: We report the preliminary results of nonrandomized prophylactic use of polypropylene mesh in a group of 60 consecutive patients. The patients with highest body mass index, and/or history of abdominal hernias and profound liver damage had abdominal wall reinforced with mesh during an operation. A year later the wound was assessed in all patients. RESULTS: In standard wound closure group (n=48) incisional hernia was found in 9 cases (20%). None of the patients with inserted mesh (n=12) developed hernia. The length of hospital stay in mesh group was similar to that in the nonmesh group and shorter than in patients with hernia occurrence. Mesh insertion was complicated with wound discharge in three patients. CONCLUSIONS: In our opinion prophylactic use of polypropylene mesh in bariatric patients is highly effective in postoperative hernia prevention. 相似文献
5.
Kamil Torres Anna Torres Grzegorz J. Staśkiewicz Andrzej Chrościcki Tadeusz Łoś Ryszard Maciejewski 《Surgical endoscopy》2009,23(9):2117-2123
Background Surgical procedures enhance production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and angiogenic factors that play a pivotal
role in the immunological response to surgical trauma and take part in the pathogenesis of tumor growth and adhesions formation.
The purpose of the study was to access the influence of low-pressure CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the inflammatory and angiogenic responses during the postoperative period after laparoscopy.
Methods The study group consisted of 40 patients, operated on due to cholelithiasis using standard-pressure (n = 20) and low-pressure (n = 20) CO2 pneumoperitoneum. Serum concentration of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, and
endostatin were measured before and at 6, 24, and 48 h after surgery with commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA).
Results Concentrations of IL-6 increased significantly after the operations in both groups. No differences were observed between the
groups in regards to IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 levels. Concentrations of VEGF-A measured at 6 and 48 h were significantly lower
in patients who underwent laparoscopies performed with low-pressure pneumoperitoneum. No significant variations were observed
in endostatin serum concentration. Concentrations of the studied parameters were not influenced by duration of surgery or
by age, gender, or body mass index (BMI) of the patients.
Conclusions The results obtained in our study do not show any significant differences between studied operative procedures with regards
to systemic inflammatory response. Changes in the concentrations of VEGF-A and endostatin observed in the studied population
may suggest this technique is more favorable with regards to angiogenesis process intensity, along with all its consequences
and implications. 相似文献
6.
Thromboembolic and inflammatory complications of knee joint alloplasty with cemented endoprostheses]
Edward Golec Sebastian Nowak Jaros?aw Wi?niowski Maciej Piatkowski 《Chirurgia narzadów ruchu i ortopedia polska》2004,69(5):315-319
In the presented paper the authors evaluate the long-term results of treatment for inflammatory and thromboembolic complications in knee joint alloplasty with cemented endoprostheses. The clinical material spanning the years 1998-2003 are 15 patients with analysed complications, it determine 9% of all operated. They have evaluated achieved results using the HSS knee rating scale in their own modification. As far as the authors are concerned, venographic examination is a prerequisite for appropriate care of the patients following knee joint alloplasty who might have deep venous thrombosis. It is necessary to provide similar treatment when developing infections are suspected in the perioperative period and in cases of late infections. Consequently, antibiotic therapy and a possible quick bacteriological checkup for healing a postoperative wound is a prerequisite for successful treatment. Achieved results induce statement, that thromboembolic and inflammatory complications caused at most operated chronic vein insufficiency, deficit of range of motion at operated joint and gait insufficiency. Thromboembolic complications was always related with inflammation of knee joint alloplasty in our own material. 相似文献
7.
Anatomical considerations of selective pudendal neurectomy 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The pudendal nerve was examined in 100 cadavers of both sexes. Because of the variable number of trunks of the pudendal nerve,
5 types were distinguished: one-trunked; two-trunked, rectopudendal; two-trunked, pudendo-penile (or-clitoridal); three-trunked,
recto-perineo-penile (or-clitoridal); four-trunked, recto-perineo-perineopenile (or-clitoridal).
The authors' suggestions make it possible to perform selective pudendectomy, consisting in denervation of the sphincter urethrae
muscle by neurectomy of the perineal branches of the pudendal nerve. 相似文献
8.
K. Jonderko A. Kasicka-jonderko B. Krusiec-świdergoł M. Dzielicki L. Strój M. Doliński K. Doliński B. Błońska-fajfrowska 《Neurogastroenterology and motility》2005,17(6):800-809
AIM: To check on reproducibility of parameters of the cutaneous electrogastrogram registered at a close or a distant time span. METHODS: Twenty-two volunteers recruited by an advertisement (11 females and 11 males, median age 25 years, range: 18-35) underwent three surface electrogastrography examinations of which two were taken on consecutive days and the third one was accomplished at least 2 weeks before or after the two other sessions. The examination involved a 30-min fasted recording, followed by a 90-min postprandial registration after intake of a 394-kcal mixed solid-liquid test meal. RESULTS: Parameters of the electrogastrogram pertaining to the frequency of the gastric slow waves exhibited good to moderate reproducibility, whereas fair reproducibility characterized parameters expected to describe the power of gastric slow waves. With the exception of the difference fed minus fasted power (DeltaDP), in no instance was the medium term reproducibility any worse than the short term one. Categorical data analysis revealed that the relative time share of normogastria postprandially exhibited a better reproducibility than in the fasted period. The Cohen's kappa-value of 0.459 for the DeltaDP for the medium term reproducibility placed this parameter within the range of moderate agreement between repeat examinations. Of the two two-parameter combinations considered, the alliance of the fasted and fed normogastria performed worse than any of those parameters considered alone, whereas a combination of the DeltaDP with the fed-state normogastria revealed a kappa-value amounting to 0.510 for the medium term reproducibility. CONCLUSIONS: The feasibility of some electrogastrographic parameters to convey clinically useful information may be hampered by their fair reproducibility. Recoding of parameters of the cutaneous electrogastrogram from primary continuous to secondary categorical may help achieve a better agreement between repeat examinations. 相似文献
9.
10.