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排序方式: 共有711条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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WHAN KOOK CHUNG KYU YONG CHOI CHANG DON LEE JIN WU CHUNG HEE SIK SUN KYU WON CHUNG BOO SUNG KIM CHUNG SIK CHUN KYOO HONG CHO SEUNG JO KIM 《Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology》1987,2(1):13-17
Different doses of hepatitis B virus vaccine—prepared by Korea Green Cross Corporation, were given to healthy infants born to HBsAg-negative mothers at birth, 1 and 6 months of age. A dose of 2 μg was administered intradermally in Group A and, in the three other groups, the vaccine was given intramuscularly (i.m.). An adequate follow-up observation was possible for 9 months after birth in 22, 25, 23 and 21 infants in Groups A, B, C and D, respecvely.
Group C (5 μg, i.m.) produced seroconversion most rapidly, showing the highest rate (96%) at 9 months of age. The lowest seroconversion rate (5%) was found at the age of 1 month in Group A subjects, but the rate increased to 91% after a booster dose was given at 6 months of age.
While it can be concluded that a 5 μg i.m. dose of vaccine at 0, 1 and 6 months of age is optimum for the immunization of infants in efficacy and economy, a 2 μg intradermal dose can also be considered as an immunogenic and economical regimen, though the immune response is slower and a special technique is required for immunization. 相似文献
Group C (5 μg, i.m.) produced seroconversion most rapidly, showing the highest rate (96%) at 9 months of age. The lowest seroconversion rate (5%) was found at the age of 1 month in Group A subjects, but the rate increased to 91% after a booster dose was given at 6 months of age.
While it can be concluded that a 5 μg i.m. dose of vaccine at 0, 1 and 6 months of age is optimum for the immunization of infants in efficacy and economy, a 2 μg intradermal dose can also be considered as an immunogenic and economical regimen, though the immune response is slower and a special technique is required for immunization. 相似文献
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JO MANION RN MA CNAA 《Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN / NAACOG》1986,15(2):103-108
A documentation system that facilitates accurate and complete recording is needed by every obstetric/neonatal nursing service. Developing an individualized system is a major undertaking. However, specific steps can be taken to ease the process. These steps are described, beginning with the assessment phase and concluding with evaluation. 相似文献
4.
F. B. Hollinger 《Journal of viral hepatitis》2007,14(S1):11-15
Summary. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) circulates in blood as closely related, but genetically diverse molecules called quasispecies. During replication, HBV production may approach 1011 molecules/day, although during peak activity this rate may increase 100–1000 times. Generally, DNA polymerases have excellent fidelity in reading DNA templates because they are associated with an exonuclease which removes incorrectly added nucleotides. However, the HBV-DNA polymerase lacks fidelity and proofreading function partly because exonuclease activity is either absent or deficient. Thus, the HBV genome and especially the envelope gene, is mutated with unusually high frequency. These mutations can affect more than one open reading frame because of overlapping genes. The S gene contains an exposed major hydrophilic region (residues 110–155), which encompasses the 'a' determinant that is important for inducing immunity. Nucleotide substitutions in this region are common and result in reduced binding or failure to detect hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in diagnostic assays. Adaptive immunity also depends on the recognition of HBsAg by specific antibody and variants pose a threat if they interfere with binding to antibody. Finally, genomic hypervariability allows HBV to escape selection pressures imposed by antiviral therapies, vaccines and the host immune system, and is responsible for creating genotypes, subgenotypes and subtypes. 相似文献
5.
LEE JS IM HH JUNG Y JUNG IS JANG JY CHUN YK CHO YD KIM JO CHO JY KIM YS SHIM CS & KIM BS 《Neurogastroenterology and motility》2006,18(6):493-494
Background: Recent development of extracorporeal magnetic stimulation (ECMS) which uses current‐changing magnetic fields allows the induction of electrical stimulation in the desired deep tissue. Recent study showed the sacral nerve stimulation reduces corticoanal excitability that may play a functional role in anal continence mechanisms. Preliminary study shows that ECMS of sacral nerve can modify pelvic floor function and expel rectal balloon in patients with pelvic floor dyssynergia (PFD). Aims: To evaluate the effect of ECMS compared with biofeedback therapy (BF) in patients with PFD. Methods and Materials: Thirty‐eight patients who fulfilled Rome II criteria for PFD by colon transit time and anorectal function tests, were randomly treated with 8 sessions of ECMS (2/weeks; n = 19) at prone position or BF (2/weeks; n = 19) at sitting position. Stimulation parameters were set at 50–80% of maximum intensity, 10 and 50 Hz frequency, 3 s burst length with 3 and 6 s off using arm‐typed stimulator (BioCom‐1000, Mcube Co., Korea). Symptom scores for constipation with/without anorectal function test were repeatedly measured after each treatment. Response was defined as 50% or more decreased symptom score after treatment (partial response: 30–50%, poor: <30%). Results: Fifteen patients (age 49.1 ± 13.4 years, mean ± SD; 4 men) completed 8 session of BF and 14 patients (54.5 ± 17.6 years, 3 men) completed 8 session of ECMS. Four patients of BF group discontinued treatment due to unsatisfactory therapeutic effect (n = 1) and withdrew consent (n = 3) and 5 patients of ECMS group discontinued treatment because of same reasons (n = 1, 4). Total symptom scores were significantly decreased after treatment of 8 session in both treatment groups (13.4 ± 6.6 vs. 4.3 ± 4.0 for BF, p = 0.009; 14.9 ± 5.6 vs. 3.4 ± 4.0 for ECMS, p < 0.001). Bowel movements per week were also significantly increased after treatment in both groups (median 2 vs. 7 for BF, p = 0.035; median 2 vs. 7 for ECMS, p = 0.008). Thirteen out of 15 patients showed response in BF group and 12 out of 14 showed good response in ECMS group. No adverse effects in both groups. Conclusions: ECMS is as effective as BF for the treatment of PFD. Long‐term effect of ECMS for the patients with pelvic floor dyssynergia need to be evaluated in the near future. 相似文献
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WESTIN STEINAR; OSTENSEN ARNE IVAR; LOVSLETT KJELL; PRYTZ JACOB; TELJE JO; TELSTAD WENCHE; LIE ARNE 《Family practice》1988,5(4):244-252
Westin S, stensen A I, Lvslett K, Prytz J, Telje J, TelstadW and Lie A. A group-based training programme for general practitioners:a Norwegian experience. Family Practice 1988; 5: 244252. There are approximately 3000 general practitioners in Norway,serving a population of slightly above four million people.A three year postgraduate education scheme for general practitionershas been in effect since 1973, to be replaced by a five yearvocational training programme from January 1985, making generalpractice a fully recognized specialty from that date. The educationalrequirements consist of one year of hospital training, fouryears of training in general practice, and a total of 400 hoursof course education, mainly in clinical subjects. The core elementof the training is attendance at a group-based structured educationalprogramme of two years' duration. This article describes theconcepts and content of this decentralized group-based education,as well as some of the conflicting considerations which eventuallyled to this new Norwegian model of general practice training.The first evaluation studies indicate that the educational programmehas met a long standing need among general practitioners. 相似文献
9.
Response to a hepatitis B polypeptide vaccine in micelle form in a young adult population 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
F B Hollinger C Troisi D Heiberg Y Sanchez G R Dreesman J L Melnick 《Journal of medical virology》1986,19(3):229-240
Polypeptide micelles with relative molecular weights of 25,000 (p25) and 30,000 (gp30) daltons were prepared from native 22-nm hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) particles. This p25/gp30 complex was alum-adsorbed, and three dosage levels (20 micrograms, 4 micrograms, and 0.8 micrograms) were administered at 0, 1, and 6 months to 51 human volunteers. Local and systemic reactions were clinically insignificant, and all vaccinees seroconverted, regardless of dose. As anticipated, antibody responses diminished as the dosage was reduced. Seroconversion rates and geometric mean antibody levels for the 20 micrograms dosage group were significantly better than those observed with a commercial vaccine and were comparable to those achieved after immunization with 40 micrograms of the intact 22-nm particles used to prepare the polypeptides. By 2 weeks, an anti-HBs response was elicited in 80% of the group receiving 20 micrograms of the polypeptide vaccine. This rapid response to immunization may be particularly beneficial for postexposure prophylaxis where the early development of immunity is advantageous. 相似文献
10.
Determination of the parent of origin in nine cases of prenatally detected chromosome aberrations found after intracytoplasmic sperm injection 总被引:1,自引:17,他引:1
Van Opstal D; Los FJ; Ramlakhan S; Van Hemel JO; Van Den Ouweland AM; Brandenburg H; Pieters MH; Verhoeff A; Vermeer MC; Dhont M; In't Veld PA 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(4):682-686
Prenatal cytogenetic analysis of 71 fetuses conceived by intracytoplasmic
sperm injection (ICSI) resulted in the detection of nine (12.7%) chromosome
aberrations including two cases of 47,XXY, four cases involving a 45,X cell
line and three autosomal trisomies. Molecular analysis of the parental
origin of the deleted or supernumerary chromosome was performed by using
polymorphic microsatellite markers. Six cases involving a sex chromosome
abnormality were found to be of paternal origin while the two trisomic
cases that could be analysed were of maternal origin. Two cases involved
the same infertile couple who had two consecutive ICSI pregnancies
terminated because of a chromosome abnormality. The replaced embryos in
both cases originated from a single batch of ICSI fertilized oocytes of
which part was used to initiate the first pregnancy and part was
cryopreserved and used to initiate the second pregnancy.
相似文献